Enhanced vermicomposting of Sesbania bispinosa through carbonaceous biochar amendment for nutrient-rich vermicompost production

IF 5.8 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI:10.1007/s42823-025-00883-w

L. Baskaran, G. Jothika, M. Gokul, V. Soundarya, N. Karmegam, S. Manivannan, Munirah Abdullah Al-Dosary, Ashraf Atef Hatamleh, Soon Woong Chang, Balasubramani Ravindran

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) W. Wight is a weedy green manure plant of the family Fabaceae. The legume plants play a major role in nitrogen fixation and soil fertility while biochar plays a significant role in environmental remediation. The present study has aimed to convert S. bispinosa in combination with cow dung (1:1, v/v) into enriched vermicompost through the amendment of different concentrations of activated Prosopis wood biochar. Totally 10 treatments were maintained: VSB1-VSB5 and SB1-SB5 with and without earthworms, respectively. The treatments were maintained under controlled environmental conditions in triplicate till 28 days. The initial and final samples of the treatments with and without earthworms were analyzed for physicochemical characteristics, FTIR analysis and phytotoxicity assay. The pH, total organic carbon, C/N ratio and C/P ratio showed a declining trend while the nutrients, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and sodium contents displayed increment towards the progression of vermicomposting. A total nitrogen content of 2.78% was recorded in vermicompost amended with 3% biochar followed by 2.61% in 2% biochar amendment. The functional group changes from initial substrates to final vermicompost inferred through FTIR analysis denote the decomposition of complex organic materials into simple forms. The lowest C/N ratio (19.06) with a higher germination index (102.85%) of Vigna mungo (black gram) seeds were observed in the vermicompost of S. bispinosa + cow dung substrates amended with 3% biochar within a very short period of time (28 days). Hence, the use of biochar at a 3% level is recommended for the vermiconversion of green manure biomass to obtain nutrient-amplified vermicompost. It is also beneficial to use 2% biochar in vermicomposting, however, 3% biochar amendment is highly beneficial and a better choice from a vermicompost quality perspective.

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通过碳质生物炭改性提高双叶田葵的蚯蚓堆肥，以生产营养丰富的蚯蚓堆肥

田菁（Jacq.）白豆是豆科的一种绿肥植物。豆科植物在固氮和土壤肥力方面发挥着重要作用，而生物炭在环境修复方面发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在通过添加不同浓度的活化Prosopis木材生物炭，将S. bispinosa与牛粪（1:1,v/v）混合，转化为富集蚯蚓堆肥。共维持10个处理：分别有蚯蚓和不含蚯蚓的VSB1-VSB5和SB1-SB5。在控制的环境条件下，三次处理持续28 d。对有蚯蚓和无蚯蚓处理的初始样品和最终样品进行了理化特性分析、傅立叶红外光谱分析和植物毒性测定。土壤pH、总有机碳、C/N、C/P均呈下降趋势，而养分、全氮、全磷、全钾、全钙、全钠含量均呈增加趋势。添加3%生物炭的蚯蚓堆肥总氮含量为2.78%，添加2%生物炭的蚯蚓堆肥总氮含量为2.61%。通过FTIR分析推断，从初始底物到最终蚯蚓堆肥的官能团变化表明复杂有机物质分解为简单形式。在极短的时间内（28 d），在3%生物炭改性的双皮草+牛粪基质蚯蚓堆肥中，发现黑克草种子的C/N比最低（19.06），萌发指数最高（102.85%）。因此，建议使用3%水平的生物炭进行绿肥生物质的蚯蚓转化，以获得营养放大的蚯蚓堆肥。在蚯蚓堆肥中添加2%的生物炭也是有益的，但从蚯蚓堆肥质量的角度来看，添加3%的生物炭是非常有益的，也是更好的选择。

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来源期刊

Carbon Letters CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

20.00%

发文量

118

期刊介绍： Carbon Letters aims to be a comprehensive journal with complete coverage of carbon materials and carbon-rich molecules. These materials range from, but are not limited to, diamond and graphite through chars, semicokes, mesophase substances, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, carbon blacks, activated carbons, pyrolytic carbons, glass-like carbons, etc. Papers on the secondary production of new carbon and composite materials from the above mentioned various carbons are within the scope of the journal. Papers on organic substances, including coals, will be considered only if the research has close relation to the resulting carbon materials. Carbon Letters also seeks to keep abreast of new developments in their specialist fields and to unite in finding alternative energy solutions to current issues such as the greenhouse effect and the depletion of the ozone layer. The renewable energy basics, energy storage and conversion, solar energy, wind energy, water energy, nuclear energy, biomass energy, hydrogen production technology, and other clean energy technologies are also within the scope of the journal. Carbon Letters invites original reports of fundamental research in all branches of the theory and practice of carbon science and technology.