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The biophysics of cell motility through mechanochemically challenging environments 细胞在具有机械化学挑战性的环境中运动的生物物理学。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102404
Alexa P. Caruso, Jeremy S. Logue
{"title":"The biophysics of cell motility through mechanochemically challenging environments","authors":"Alexa P. Caruso,&nbsp;Jeremy S. Logue","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Challenging mechanochemical environments (<em>i.e.</em>, with varied mechanical and adhesive properties) are now known to induce a wide range of adaptive phenomena in motile cells. For instance, confinement and low adhesion may trigger a phenotypic transition to fast amoeboid (leader bleb-based) migration. The molecular mechanisms that underly these phenomena are beginning to be understood. Due to its size, the mechanical properties of the nucleus have been shown to limit and facilitate cell migration. Additionally, the activity of various transient receptor potential (TRP) channels is now known to be integral to cell migration in response to a multitude of biophysical stimuli. How cells integrate signals from the nucleus and plasma membrane, however, is unclear. The development of therapeutics that suppress cancer or enhance immune cell migration for immuno-oncology applications, etc., will require additional work to completely understand the molecular mechanisms that enable cells to navigate mechanochemically challenging environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102404"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanisms of lipid droplet degradation 脂滴降解机制。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102402
J.H. Corbo, J. Chung
{"title":"Mechanisms of lipid droplet degradation","authors":"J.H. Corbo,&nbsp;J. Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lipid droplets (LDs) are subcellular organelles that play an integral role in lipid metabolism by regulating the storage and release of fatty acids, which are essential for energy production and various cellular processes. Lipolysis and lipophagy are the two major LD degradation pathways that mediate the utilization of lipids stored in these organelles. Recent studies have further uncovered alternative pathways, including direct lysosomal LD degradation and LD exocytosis. Here, we highlight recent findings that dissect the molecular basis of these diverse LD degradation pathways. Then, we discuss speculations on the crosstalk among these pathways and the potential unconventional roles of LD degradation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102402"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unveiling the intricacies of paraspeckle formation and function 揭开副颈形成和功能的神秘面纱
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102399
Hayley B. Ingram, Archa H. Fox
{"title":"Unveiling the intricacies of paraspeckle formation and function","authors":"Hayley B. Ingram,&nbsp;Archa H. Fox","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Paraspeckle nuclear bodies form when the NEAT1 long noncoding RNA is transcribed and bound by multiple RNA-binding proteins. First described 20 years ago, in recent years a growing appreciation of paraspeckle dynamics has led to new understandings, in both structure and function. Structurally, paraspeckles form via distinct physico-chemical domains arising from the composition of key proteins, recruited to different parts of NEAT1. These domains interact, creating a core–shell structured paraspeckle via microphase separation. Functionally, many environmental, chemical, and mechanical triggers can alter paraspeckle abundance, with important consequences depending on the cell type, developmental stage, and trigger identity. Underpinning these insights are new tools for paraspeckle research, including screening assays, proximity-based identification tools, and RNA processing modulators. A picture is emerging of paraspeckles as gene regulatory condensates in many healthy and disease settings. Critically, however, paraspeckle functional importance is generally most apparent when cells and organisms face external stressors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102399"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955067424000784/pdfft?md5=c550d5b67cd06261e3df747dc8f4dbd8&pid=1-s2.0-S0955067424000784-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Post-transcriptional regulation as a conserved driver of neural crest and cancer-cell migration 转录后调控是神经嵴和癌细胞迁移的保守驱动因素
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102400
Arvind Arul Nambi Rajan , Erica J. Hutchins
{"title":"Post-transcriptional regulation as a conserved driver of neural crest and cancer-cell migration","authors":"Arvind Arul Nambi Rajan ,&nbsp;Erica J. Hutchins","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cells have evolved mechanisms to migrate for diverse biological functions. A process frequently deployed during metazoan cell migration is the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). During EMT, adherent epithelial cells undergo coordinated cellular transitions to mesenchymalize and reduce their intercellular attachments. This is achieved via tightly regulated changes in gene expression, which modulates cell–cell and cell–matrix adhesion to allow movement. The acquisition of motility and invasive properties following EMT allows some mesenchymal cells to migrate through complex environments to form tissues during embryogenesis; however, these processes may also be leveraged by cancer cells, which often co-opt these endogenous programs to metastasize. Post-transcriptional regulation is now emerging as a major conserved mechanism by which cells modulate EMT and migration, which we discuss here in the context of vertebrate development and cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102400"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955067424000796/pdfft?md5=be1fca7a8af30543778d255713af0dd5&pid=1-s2.0-S0955067424000796-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Roles of membrane mechanics-mediated feedback in membrane traffic 膜力学反馈在膜交通中的作用
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102401
Jian Liu
{"title":"Roles of membrane mechanics-mediated feedback in membrane traffic","authors":"Jian Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Synthesizing the recent progresses, we present our perspectives on how local modulations of membrane curvature, tension, and bending energy define the feedback controls over membrane traffic processes. We speculate the potential mechanisms of, and the control logic behind, the different membrane mechanics-mediated feedback in endocytosis and exo-endocytosis coupling. We elaborate the path forward with the open questions for theoretical considerations and the grand challenges for experimental validations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102401"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141630838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Follow the flow: Actin and membrane act as an integrated system to globally coordinate cell shape and movement 跟随流动：肌动蛋白和膜作为一个综合系统，在全球范围内协调细胞的形状和运动。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102392
Henry De Belly , Orion D. Weiner
{"title":"Follow the flow: Actin and membrane act as an integrated system to globally coordinate cell shape and movement","authors":"Henry De Belly ,&nbsp;Orion D. Weiner","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Migratory cells are polarized with protrusive fronts and contractile rears. This spatial organization necessitates long-range coordination of the signals that organize protrusions and contractions. Cells leverage reciprocal interactions of short-range biochemical signals and long-range mechanical forces for this integration. The interface between the plasma membrane and actin cortex is where this communication occurs. Here, we review how the membrane and cortex form an integrated system for long-range coordination of cell polarity. We highlight the role of membrane-to-cortex-attachment proteins as regulators of tension transmission across the cell and discuss the interplay between actin-membrane and polarity signaling complexes. Rather than presenting an exhaustive list of recent findings, we focus on important gaps in our current understanding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102392"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The relationship between nucleosome positioning and higher-order genome folding 核小体定位与高阶基因组折叠之间的关系。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102398
Abrar Aljahani , Clemens Mauksch , A. Marieke Oudelaar
{"title":"The relationship between nucleosome positioning and higher-order genome folding","authors":"Abrar Aljahani ,&nbsp;Clemens Mauksch ,&nbsp;A. Marieke Oudelaar","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Eukaryotic genomes are organized into 3D structures, which range from small-scale nucleosome arrays to large-scale chromatin domains. These structures have an important role in the regulation of transcription and other nuclear processes. Despite advances in our understanding of the properties, functions, and underlying mechanisms of genome structures, there are many open questions about the interplay between these structures across scales. In particular, it is not well understood if and how 1D features of nucleosome arrays influence large-scale 3D genome folding patterns. In this review, we discuss recent studies that address these questions and summarize our current understanding of the relationship between nucleosome positioning and higher-order genome folding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102398"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955067424000772/pdfft?md5=2743774526aece3b70d92a7cb45d2cc4&pid=1-s2.0-S0955067424000772-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Canonical and noncanonical regulators of centromere assembly and maintenance 中心粒组装和维护的规范和非规范调节因子
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102396
Catalina Salinas-Luypaert, Daniele Fachinetti
{"title":"Canonical and noncanonical regulators of centromere assembly and maintenance","authors":"Catalina Salinas-Luypaert,&nbsp;Daniele Fachinetti","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Centromeres are specialized chromosomal domains where the kinetochores assemble during cell division to ensure accurate transmission of the genetic information to the two daughter cells. The centromeric function is evolutionary conserved and, in most organisms, centromeres are epigenetically defined by a unique chromatin containing the histone H3 variant CENP-A. The canonical regulators of CENP-A assembly and maintenance are well-known, yet some of the molecular mechanisms regulating this complex process have only recently been unveiled. We review the most recent advances on the topic, including the emergence of new and unexpected factors that favor and regulate CENP-A assembly and/or maintenance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102396"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955067424000759/pdfft?md5=0b9b53cc9cc79cf83008658a5f0cbd6c&pid=1-s2.0-S0955067424000759-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Replicating chromatin in the nucleus: A histone variant perspective 复制细胞核中的染色质：组蛋白变体视角
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102397
Tina Karagyozova, Geneviève Almouzni
{"title":"Replicating chromatin in the nucleus: A histone variant perspective","authors":"Tina Karagyozova,&nbsp;Geneviève Almouzni","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In eukaryotes, chromatin and DNA replication are intimately linked, whereby chromatin impacts DNA replication control while genome duplication involves recovery of chromatin organisation. Here, we review recent advances in this area using a histone variant lens. We highlight how nucleosomal features interplay with origin definition and how the order of origin firing links with chromatin states in early mammalian development. We next discuss histone recycling and <em>de novo</em> deposition at the fork to finally open on the post-replicative recovery of the chromatin landscape to promote maintenance of cell identity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102397"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955067424000760/pdfft?md5=722307f9db9f16d02345431531b010ea&pid=1-s2.0-S0955067424000760-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New advances in innate immune endosomal trafficking 先天性免疫内体贩运的新进展。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102395
Claudia J. Stocks, Xichun Li, Jennifer L. Stow
{"title":"New advances in innate immune endosomal trafficking","authors":"Claudia J. Stocks,&nbsp;Xichun Li,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Stow","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The exocytic and endocytic intracellular trafficking pathways in innate immune cells are known for mediating the secretion of key inflammatory mediators or the internalization of growth factors, nutrients, antigens, cell debris, pathogens and even therapeutics, respectively. Inside cells, these pathways are intertwined as an elaborate network that supports the regulation of immune functions. Endosomal membranes host dynamic platforms for molecular complexes that control signaling and inflammatory responses. High content screens, coupled with elegant microscopy across the scale of resolving molecular complexes to tracking live cellular organelles, have been employed to generate the studies highlighted here. With a focus on deactivation of STING, scaffolding by SLC15A4/TASL complexes and macropinosome shrinkage via the chloride channel protein TMEM206, new studies are identifying molecules, molecular interactions and mechanisms for immune regulation throughout endosomal pathways.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102395"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955067424000747/pdfft?md5=ef50e6df175b3f34abf26f1735356ff0&pid=1-s2.0-S0955067424000747-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141545506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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