International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"One-Dimensional Blood Flow Modeling in the Cardiovascular System. From the Conventional Physiological Setting to Real-Life Hemodynamics","authors":"Pablo J. Blanco,&nbsp;Lucas O. Müller","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research in the dynamics of blood flow is essential to the understanding of one of the major driving forces of human physiology. The hemodynamic conditions experienced within the cardiovascular system generate a highly variable mechanical environment that propels its function. Modeling this system is a challenging problem that must be addressed at the systemic scale to gain insight into the interplay between the different time and spatial scales of cardiovascular physiology processes. The vast majority of scientific contributions on systemic-scale distributed parameter-based blood flow modeling have approached the topic under relatively simple scenarios, defined by the resting state, the supine position, and, in some cases, by disease. However, the physiological states experienced by the cardiovascular system considerably deviate from such conditions throughout a significant part of our life. Moreover, these deviations are, in many cases, extremely beneficial for sustaining a healthy life. On top of this, inter-individual variability carries intrinsic complexities, requiring the modeling of patient-specific physiology. The impact of modeling hypotheses such as the effect of respiration, control mechanisms, and gravity, the consideration of other-than-resting physiological conditions, such as those encountered in exercise and sleeping, and the incorporation of organ-specific physiology and disease have been cursorily addressed in the specialized literature. In turn, patient-specific characterization of cardiovascular system models is in its early stages. As for models and methods, these conditions pose challenges regarding modeling the underlying phenomena and developing methodological tools to solve the associated equations. In fact, under certain conditions, the mathematical formulation becomes more intricate, model parameters suffer greater variability, and the overall uncertainty about the system's working point increases. This paper reviews current advances and opportunities to model and simulate blood flow in the cardiovascular system at the systemic scale in both the conventional resting setting and in situations experienced in everyday life.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognosis of Crestally Placed Short Plateau Implants in Posterior Maxilla","authors":"Vladislav Demenko,&nbsp;Igor Linetskiy,&nbsp;Larysa Linetska,&nbsp;Michael Sutcliffe,&nbsp;Andrii Kondratiev","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Crestal placement of short plateau implants in compromised jaws may cause implant failure due to bone overstress. The aim was to evaluate the impact of different sized implants on adjacent bone overload and the implant load-bearing ability in terms of the proposed index—ultimate functional load (UFL). Three-dimensional models of osseointegrated implants placed in types III and IV bone were analysed by the FEM for the case of patient-specific variations in cortical bone elasticity modulus. Maximum von Mises stresses in surrounding bone were calculated and compared with the cortical and cancellous bone ultimate strength characteristics to determine the UFL index for the studied implants. The implant UFL magnitudes were influenced by their dimensions, bone elasticity, and quality. The implant load-bearing ability was predetermined by cancellous bone strength. The maxilla with moderate elasticity modulus allows for the placement of wide short screwless implants in the compromised maxilla molar site with good clinical perspective.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superficial Temporal Artery–Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass Treatment Planning for Cerebral Ischaemia Based on Multi-Scale Model","authors":"Suqin Huang,&nbsp;Bao Li,&nbsp;Jincheng Liu,&nbsp;Liyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Sun,&nbsp;Yanping Zhang,&nbsp;Jinping Dong,&nbsp;Fuyou Liang,&nbsp;Yanjun Gong,&nbsp;Youjun Liu","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Superficial temporal artery and middle cerebral artery (STA–MCA) bypass surgery is an effective method to enhance cerebral blood flow (CBF) in ischemic patients. However, the effectiveness of various bypass techniques varies with the diversity of Circle of Willis (CoW) structures. This study aims to develop a physiologically realistic hemodynamic model to optimize STA–MCA bypass planning for cerebral ischemia patients with different CoW structures. This study developed a 0D–1D geometric multi-scale haemodynamic model that coupled the stenosis model and the cerebral autoregulation model. Based on this model, nine CoW structural models before and after end-to-side (E–S) and side-to-side (S–S) bypass were constructed, and their haemodynamic properties were calculated to evaluate the efficacy of different bypass methods in different CoW structures. The validity of the model and results was verified by clinical data. For the mRACA1, mRACA1–fRPCA1, and mACoA CoW structures, there was a risk of hyperperfusion (13.96%, 12.81%, and −2.64%) after E–S bypass but not S–S bypass. In the mACoA–mLPCoA structure, both bypass techniques posed hyperperfusion risk (112.41% and 30.57%). Other CoW structures showed that E–S bypass could restore CBF without the risk of hyperperfusion. The model's predictions were within 5% of clinical data. The mRACA1, mRACA1–fRPCA1, and mACoA structures were suitable for S-S bypass; the mACoA–mLPCoA structure was not suitable for bypass, and other CoW structures favored E–S bypass. The developed model can effectively simulate the cerebral hemodynamic environment and predict the risk of hyperperfusion, offering valuable insights for personalized bypass planning in cerebral ischemia patients.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the Effects of Tympanic Membrane Implant Mechanical Properties on High-Frequency Hearing Loss After Clinical Myringoplasty: A Finite Element Analysis","authors":"Huibin Shi,&nbsp;Ziming Yan,&nbsp;Yifeng Li,&nbsp;Yongtao Sun,&nbsp;Jie Wang,&nbsp;Zhanli Liu","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myringoplasty is most commonly used to treat tympanic membrane (TM) perforation. Clinical data have shown that unexplained high-frequency (above 3 kHz) hearing loss often occurs after myringoplasty. In this paper, a finite element (FE) model of the partial external and middle ear (ME) of the human ear, which considers the actual perforation and TM implants, is developed to reveal the mechanical mechanism of high-frequency hearing loss after implantation of temporalis fascia and cartilage commonly used in myringoplasty. The SFP displacement is proposed to evaluate the myringoplasty effect, which is proved to be better than the current practice of laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) of umbo vibration. The model-derived results can replicate the phenomenon of better low-frequency (below 1 kHz) hearing recovery and severe high-frequency hearing loss after myringoplasty. Numerical results show that a temporalis fascia and cartilage implant, whose stiffness is smaller compared with normal PT, fails to fully restore hearing above 3 kHz, where higher-order vibration modes appear early, with more severe localization of TM energy and weakening of TM sound transmission. Moreover, the excessive thickness of implants compared to normal pars tensa (PT) leads to a decrease in the first resonant frequency (RF) and the high-frequency magnitude of the SFP displacement. Furthermore, the numerical study shows that TM implants with modulus higher than 45 MPa and density smaller than 1200 kg/m³ can restore high-frequency hearing better. This study has implications for choosing and designing the appropriate TM implants for myringoplasty.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Analysis of Pilot Neck Injury Risk During High-G Maneuvers in Air Combat","authors":"Feng Zhu,&nbsp;Liming Voo,&nbsp;Krithika Balakrishnan,&nbsp;Michael Lapera,&nbsp;Zhiqing Cheng","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Air force fighter jet pilots often face significant physiological challenges during high-acceleration maneuvers, where the neck is particularly vulnerable to injury from head inertia effects in high-G environments, making it crucial yet challenging to understand the mechanisms of these injuries. This paper employs a finite element model of the human head–neck structure to simulate its dynamic responses to high Gz (airplane pulling up causing body acceleration from head to foot) maneuvers and evaluate potential soft tissue injuries in the cervical spine. The model was validated in three biomechanical conditions most relevant to the injury analysis of this study using experimental data from a cervical spine torsion test, a dynamic cadaver head–neck sagittal loading experiment, and a human volunteer drop tower deceleration test. A typical high Gz maneuver, along with “check-6” head turn, was simulated using active muscle functions to analyze injury risks in the cervical spine. The effect of acceleration magnitude and additional mass of the helmet was also analyzed. Analysis of the tissue strains suggested higher injury risk for the intervertebral disc and capsular ligament of the facet joints at the mid-lower cervical spine, which is consistent with the reported pilot neck injuries or degenerative changes. Analysis of the macro biomechanical injury metrics indicated low risk of severe injury to the cervical spine, which is also consistent with the real-world findings reported in the literature. This comprehensive approach enabled a thorough investigation into the potential soft tissue injuries that may arise during high Gz maneuvers, providing valuable insights for the future development of injury prevention and mitigation strategies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phonoangiographic Diagnosis of Stenosed Arteries: A Computational Fluid Flexible-Structure Acoustic Interaction Study","authors":"Sumant R. Morab,&nbsp;Janani S. Murallidharan,&nbsp;Atul Sharma","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.70021","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The present article is on pulsatile hemodynamics-induced sound-based diagnosis of stenosis in compliant arteries of three types: Coronary, carotid, and femoral. Considering axisymmetric stenosis in straight arteries along with clinically observed dimensions of the arteries and enveloping tissue, the present numerical study considers blood as a Newtonian fluid and both artery and tissue as isotropic and geometrically nonlinear (materialistically linear) solid. For the physiological fluid flexible-structure acoustic interaction (FfSAI) study, an in-house multiphysics solver is used for a parametric study—using various stenosis level &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ S $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; (60%, 70%, and 80%) and stenosis length &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;L&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;st&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {L}_{mathrm{st}} $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; (2&lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt; and 4&lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt;); for each of the arteries. With increasing &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ S $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, an increase in acoustic acceleration's FFT spectrum-based cut-off frequency &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {f}_c $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; is found—indicating possibility of quantitative phonoangiographic diagnosis. The variation of this frequency &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {f}_c $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; with &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ S $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; follows similar trend as that of frequency calculated by pressure fluctuation's FFT spectrum, thus correlating the hemodynamics as the cause for generation of the sound/bruits. Also, a flow-visualization-based frequency, which is calculated using vortex length and velocity during vortex dissipation stage, matches reasonably (≤ 15% difference) with the cut-off frequency of pressure fluctuation. For the first time in the literature, our sound velocity level-based study shows over-prediction of stenosis by neglecting flow-induced tissue deformations. This impl","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total Arch Replacement Versus Hemiarch Replacement in Hemodynamic Performance: A Simulation Study","authors":"Yike Shi,&nbsp;Chenjia Zhang,&nbsp;Yawei Zhao,&nbsp;Yusheng Jin,&nbsp;Fen Li,&nbsp;Hui Song,&nbsp;Lingfeng Chen,&nbsp;Hongpeng Zhang","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is a life-threatening aortic emergency with high mortality. Currently, hemiarch replacement (HAR) and total arch replacement (TAR) are the primary surgeries for ATAAD, but their long-term outcomes remain debated, possibly due to the influence of clinical factors in multicenter studies. This study aims to evaluate the long-term outcomes of HAR and TAR by in silico analysis, mitigating the impact of clinical factors. A personalized model was reconstructed to simulate HAR and TAR by altering the material properties at the replacement regions, obtaining hemodynamic and wall response parameters through two-way fluid–structure interaction analysis. HAR exhibits a higher increase in von Mises stress at the anastomosis compared to pre-operation levels (HAR: 4.39 times normal, TAR: 2.42 times normal), increasing the risk of pseudoaneurysm formation. TAR induced more severe streamline absence in the arch branches, potentially resulting in intermittent blood flow to the upper limbs and brain. HAR poses a higher risk of pseudoaneurysm formation at the anastomosis, while TAR carries increased risks of upper limb and cerebral ischemia. Enhanced monitoring of the anastomosis in HAR patients and vigilance for upper limb fatigue and cerebral ischemic events in TAR patients are recommended. This study offers effective guidance for managing postoperative HAR and TAR patients, contributing to the prevention of complications and enhancing their postoperative quality of life.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Longitudinal Computational Study of a Marfan Syndrome Patient After Hybrid Repair of Aortic Arch Dissection With Parallel Stent-Grafts","authors":"Yu Liu,&nbsp;Wenfan Li,&nbsp;Zhihao Ding,&nbsp;Zichun Tang,&nbsp;Yuanming Luo,&nbsp;Jia Hu","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hybrid repair is a valuable alternative treatment for aortic arch disease in Marfan syndrome patients after proximal aorta replacement. This study aimed to investigate the long-term durability of this technique with the use of parallel stent-grafts and evaluate strategies to prevent abdominal aortic dilation. One Marfan syndrome patient who underwent hybrid aortic repair with parallel stent-grafts for arch dissection after the Bentall procedure was admitted. Five patient-specific three-dimensional models were reconstructed based on preoperative and follow-up computed tomography angiography scans. Three hypothetical models addressing the closure of an endoleak or reentry tears were created. Hemodynamic parameters were assessed using computational fluid dynamics. Postoperatively, increased blood flow into the descending aorta and rising abdominal aortic pressure were observed. During the 5-year follow-up, no new thoracic aorta-related adverse events occurred. One early type III endoleak persisted, and three reentry tears were identified in the descending aorta. The abdominal aorta dilated from 31 to 49 mm. Simultaneously addressing both the endoleak and reentry tears was more effective in reducing false lumen pressure and flow velocity in the abdominal aorta and expanding the high-value relative residence time region. Longitudinal follow-up imaging demonstrated the long-term durability of hybrid aortic arch repair with parallel stent-grafts in a Marfan syndrome patient after ascending aorta replacement. The increased pressure resulting from blood flow redistribution was associated with downstream aortic dilation. Furthermore, computational fluid dynamics simulations can offer predictive analyses for optimizing intervention strategies in the treatment of distal aneurysmal degeneration.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Computational Study on the Neck-Stem Rectangular Tapered Connection: Effects of Angular Mismatch, Assembly, and Cyclic Loading","authors":"R. Cromi,&nbsp;L. Ciriello,&nbsp;F. Berti,&nbsp;L. La Barbera,&nbsp;T. Villa,&nbsp;G. Pennati","doi":"10.1002/cnm.3909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.3909","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The bi-modular hip prosthesis is characterized by two tapered connections: a circular cross-section at the head–neck interface and a rectangular cross-section at the neck-stem interface. Even if the latter guarantees customization, it concerns a high rate of early failure. The connection resistance is relatable to machining (tolerances cause angular mismatch), implantation (hammering force or manual), and usage (Body Mass Index [BMI]). Due to the lack of literature about the neck-stem coupling, this work aims to investigate how the geometry of the rectangular taper connection and the external loads affect the fatigue strength of a bi-modular hip prosthesis through a 3D Finite Element Model (FEM). Nine combinations of neck-stem coupling are obtained considering the tolerances' limits on frontal and lateral angles as &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;°&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtable&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtr&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtd&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;6&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mtd&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mtr&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtr&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtd&gt;\u0000 &lt;msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mtd&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mtr&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mtable&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {4}^{{}^{circ}begin{array}{c}+{6}^{prime} {}{0}^{prime}end{array}} $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;. The CoCr neck and the Ti6Al4V stem, studied in their halved, are constrained and loaded inspired by the standard ISO 7206: the stem is distally encastered simulating the embedding and tilted by 10° concerning the sagittal plane, while the force is applied vertically. First, the influence of the assembly is investigated using &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;0.3&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;kN&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ 0.3 mathrm{kN} $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;kN&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ 2 mathrm{kN} $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnm.3909","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Interface Conditions for a 3D–0D Multiscale Interface Coupling With Applications in Tissue Perfusion","authors":"L. Bociu,&nbsp;M. Broussard,&nbsp;G. Guidoboni,&nbsp;D. Prada,&nbsp;S. Strikwerda","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many pathologies are related to hemodynamic changes occurring at the microvascular level, where small vessels pierce the tissue, perfusing it with blood. Since there is a large number of vessels of small caliber, it is impractical to model the fluid flow through each one of them separately, as it is done in the case of large arteries using, for example, the Navier–Stokes equations. As an alternative, tissue perfusion is modeled here via three-dimensional (3D) partial differential equations (PDEs) for fluid flow through deformable porous media, where blood vessels are modeled as pores within a deformable solid representing the tissue. Since it is known that the local perfusion is related to the systemic features of surrounding blood circulation, we couple the PDE system with a zero-dimensional (0D) lumped circuit model, obtained by the analogy between fluid flows in hydraulic networks and current flowing in electrical circuits. An important feature in this multiscale 3D–0D coupling is the specification of interface conditions between the 3D and the 0D parts of the system. In this article, we focus on two types of interface conditions driven by physical considerations, and compare the behavior of the solutions for the two different scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnm.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}