Journal of Veterinary Medical Science最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of the oral microbiota and antimicrobial resistance genes in shelter dogs in Japan.","authors":"Rosalia Mwongeli Makau, Bett Evalyne Chepkirui, Ishara Uhanie Perera, Kazuki Kiuno, Nana Ushine, Takashi Shimizu, Masanori Hashino, Yoshikazu Ishii, Kenta Watanabe, Masahisa Watarai","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.26-0387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Companion animals can serve as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes and zoonotic microorganisms, yet information on shelter dogs remains limited. This study characterized the oral microbiota and screened for antimicrobial resistance genes in shelter dogs in Japan. Oral swabs were collected from 81 dogs, microbial genomic DNA was extracted, bacterial communities were profiled by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and antimicrobial resistance genes were screened by PCR. We detected genes conferring resistance to several antimicrobial classes, including β-lactams, tetracyclines, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B, phenicols, and sulfonamides. cfxA was detected in all 81 samples, followed by sul1 (66/81), tet(M) and sul2 (65/81), floR (39/81), mecA (17/81), and erm(B) (15/81). We identified potentially pathogenic genera including Capnocytophaga, Pasteurella, Fusobacterium, Campylobacter and Corynebacterium. Microbiome analysis revealed that at the phylum level, Pseudomonadota and Bacteroidota were the most dominant, while Porphyromonas, Frederiksenia and Moraxella were the most prevalent genera. Our findings highlight that (i) the oral microbiota of shelter dogs broadly resembles that reported in companion dogs and (ii) shelter dogs represent an overlooked reservoir of clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance genes and potentially zoonotic bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to include shelter animals in antimicrobial resistance surveillance programs to capture any potential gaps in the antimicrobial resistance prevalence in companion animals and prevent dissemination of resistant bacteria to humans following adoption of shelter dogs and cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148984110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical course of early-onset muscle weakness syndrome in 24 Holstein calves in Japan.","authors":"Ena Chiba, Yoshiyuki Tsuchiya, Daigo Fujie, Hinako Takahashi, Megumi Itoh, Kio Yoshida, Ken-Ichi Watanabe, Manabu Yamada, Yoshiyasu Kobayashi, Mitsuki Nakamura, Ryo Ishikawa, Masaki Maezawa, Yutaro Nakayama, James K Chambers, Kazuyuki Uchida, Yoshiyuki Miyazaki, Atsushi Ogino, Hisashi Inokuma","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.26-0276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the clinical course, clinical examination findings, and gross necropsy findings in 24 calves diagnosed with early-onset muscle weakness syndrome (MW) in Japan. Seven (29.2%) of the 24 calves remained unable to stand, whereas 17 (70.8%) were able to stand at least once either with or without assistance. One calf is still alive and under observation. Although some calves developed normally with resolved clinical signs, many were slow to stand and had an abnormal gait, suggesting reduced productivity. Neurological examinations revealed decreased patellar tendon reflex and flexion reflexes in both the forelimbs and hind limbs in calves with astasia. Necropsy revealed limb skeletal muscle atrophy in 53.8% calves with astasia and 33.3% calves without astasia. Pneumonia was also frequently observed in both groups. The clinical course varied among the 24 cases, but factors underlying this variability remain unclear. This study provides the first detailed description of MW in Holstein calves in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148984090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot study: antitussive effect of gefapixant in dogs with chronic cough.","authors":"Takuma Aoki, Rikuro Niinuma","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.26-0250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gefapixant is a P2X3 receptor antagonist approved for the treatment of chronic cough in humans, but its clinical use in dogs has not been reported. In this pilot study, gefapixant (2.09 ± 0.59 mg/kg twice daily) was administered to 10 dogs with refractory chronic cough. Eight dogs had paired owner-reported cough intensity visual analog scale (VAS) scores; mean scores decreased from 78 ± 15 to 52 ± 20 mm (P=0.0342). No serious adverse event was definitively attributed to gefapixant, although one dog with megaesophagus developed pneumonia. These preliminary observations warrant further controlled studies incorporating objective cough monitoring to determine the efficacy and safety of gefapixant in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovarian leiomyoma with an epithelioid differentiation in a dog.","authors":"Sara Shiomi, Teruaki Hirota, Taichi Yasuma, Hiroki Sakai, Akihiro Hirata","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.26-0364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 12-years-3-months-old female Toy Poodle underwent ovariohysterectomy, and an 8-mm ovarian mass was incidentally identified on pathological examination. On the cut surface, the mass consisted of a yellowish-white solid oval area surrounded by a soft white crescent-shaped peripheral area. Histopathologically, the oval area was composed of interlacing fascicles of spindle neoplastic cells with elongated to cigar-shaped nuclei, whereas the crescent-shaped peripheral area contained solitary or clustered polygonal to round neoplastic cells scattered within myxoid stroma. Immunohistochemically, both tumor cell populations were positive for α-smooth muscle actin, desmin, and vimentin. Cytokeratin expression was observed in the polygonal to round neoplastic cells, but not in the spindle neoplastic cells. Collectively, the tumor was diagnosed as an ovarian leiomyoma with an epithelioid differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Verrucous endocarditis of the mitral valve caused by Aspergillus fumigatus in a Japanese Black calf.","authors":"Shin Yoneyama, Mizuki Nakayama, Atsushi Kohara, Kazuhiro Kojima, Yasuko Hanafusa, Tomoyuki Shibahara","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.26-0326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A one-month-old Japanese Black calf developed depression, a cardiac murmur, and recumbency and was submitted for pathological examination. Necropsy revealed verrucous vegetations on the mitral valve, dark-red discoloration of the middle lung lobe, and yellowish-white gelatinous changes in the adipose tissue surrounding the renal pelvis. Histologically, the vegetations contained septate hyphae with dichotomous (Y-shaped) branching, with concurrent suppurative bronchitis and vasculitis with fungal hyphae in the kidneys and brain, accompanied by renal infarction. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the fungus belonged to the genus Aspergillus. A filamentous fungus was isolated from the cardiac vegetation, and β-tubulin gene sequencing identified Aspergillus fumigatus. The calf was diagnosed with systemic aspergillosis associated with A. fumigatus verrucous endocarditis, a rare condition in cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acetylharpagide mitigates the detrimental impact of the duck tembusu virus on BHK-21 cells through the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum apoptosis pathway.","authors":"Kaizhao Zhang, Aoxue Liu, Duocai Zhang, Yu Zheng, Wei Li, Qiang Yu, Jingli Qiu, Hongjie Cui, Quanxi Wang, Xiaohong Huang","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.26-0220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The duck tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a newly emerging avian pathogenic flavivirus characterized by nonsuppurative encephalitis and reducing egg production that has caused enormous economic loss to the poultry industry in China and surrounding countries. At present, there are few studies on drugs that can protect against DTMUV infection. Acetylharpagide (AHPG) is one of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine that plays a role in various biological functions. However, it is not known whether AHPG can inhibit DTMUV infection. Therefore, this study investigated the anti-DTMUV effects and underlying mechanisms of AHPG in vitro. The safe concentration range of AHPG in BHK-21 cells was determined using the MTT assay. Antiviral activity and mechanisms were further evaluated by virus titration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement, Caspase-3 activity assay, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) detection, flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR, and western blot analysis. Our results showed that AHPG effectively alleviated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and attenuated DTMUV-induced apoptosis in BHK-21 cells. AHPG significantly inhibited DTMUV-induced oxidative stress, stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced cellular apoptosis. Mechanistically, AHPG down-regulated the expression of PERK, ATF4, CHOP and GRP78, up-regulated the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and down-regulated the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, thereby suppressing the endoplasmic reticulum apoptosis pathway and exerting a protective effect. Taken together, these findings firstly demonstrate the antiviral activities of AHPG against DTMUV, suggesting AHPG possesses mild anti-DTMUV activity and prominent cytoprotective effects against DTMUV-induced cell injury, which renders it a promising cytoprotective candidate for alleviating DTMUV-triggered cellular damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negative correlation between serial changes in the reticulocyte number and C-reactive protein level in dogs with delayed reticulocytosis.","authors":"Yubin Kim, Seung Bin Hong, Woo-Jin Song, Youngmin Yun, Yongbaek Kim, Myung-Chul Kim","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0133","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.26-0133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammation suppresses erythropoiesis, leading to non-regenerative anemia in dogs. Currently, clinical evidence of this inhibitory effect remains limited. This study provides important clinical insight by demonstrating a negative correlation between C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration and reticulocyte count over time in dogs with inflammatory anemia. This study aimed to leverage inflammatory anemia as a model to examine the longitudinal relationship between CRP levels and reticulocyte counts in dogs. Medical records of 23 dogs diagnosed with various inflammatory conditions and persistently non-regenerative erythropoiesis were retrospectively reviewed. Serial results of hematological and serological parameters were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models to account for intra- and inter-individual variation. Reticulocyte counts in anemic dogs with resolving underlying inflammatory conditions were significantly negatively correlated with CRP levels (standardized β=-0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.68 to -0.37; P<0.001). Moreover, cross-sectional analysis revealed that higher CRP levels were significantly associated with lower reticulocyte counts, suggesting that the severity of inflammation may be linked to reduced reticulocyte counts (Pearson's r=-0.5; P=0.01). Similarly, erythropoietic responses to darbepoetin alfa appeared to be attenuated in dogs with elevated CRP concentrations. In these dogs, whose mean CRP concentration was 6.15 mg/dL, the onset of reticulocytosis was delayed approximately twofold, and the increase in peak reticulocyte count was approximately 38% lower than that in dogs with normal CRP concentrations. This study provides clinical evidence supporting an association between systemic inflammation and reduced or delayed reticulocytosis in dogs, highlighting the clinical utility of concurrently monitoring CRP and reticulocyte levels to assess disease progression and inflammatory recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1456-1465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148431479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated nocardiosis in a Japanese raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus).","authors":"Tomoki Katagiri, James K Chambers, Akiho Tsuboi, Madoka Yoshizawa, Tatsuya Ito, Yukiko Matsui, Kazuyuki Uchida","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0255","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.26-0255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A captive male Japanese raccoon dog died after self-mutilation by biting its tail and developing anorexia. At necropsy, ulceration of the tail root and pelvic region, an abdominal mass, multifocal nodules in the lungs, and thrombi in the heart were observed. Histopathological examinations revealed multifocal pyogranulomatous inflammation in the lungs, abdominal mass, spleen, brain, liver, and kidneys. Gram-positive bacterial aggregates were observed in the lungs, abdominal mass, and spleen. These organisms were partially acid-fast and periodic acid-Schiff-positive, and branching filaments were observed on Grocott's methenamine silver staining. Nocardia aobensis was identified in the abdominal mass by PCR and sequence analysis. These findings suggest that N. aobensis should be considered a potential cause of disseminated pyogranulomatous disease in animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1466-1470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic resonance imaging features and management of recurrent spinal inflammatory pseudotumor with intramedullary extension in a dog.","authors":"Ahwon Sung, Yoonho Roh, Haebeom Lee, Taesung Hwang, Moonyeong Choi, Youngwon Lee, Hojung Choi","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.26-0157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 4-year-old intact female mixed-breed dog was admitted with a 2-month history of progressive thoracic and pelvic limb paresis. Neurological examination localized the lesion to the cervical spine. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a well-defined mass of the spinal cord extending from the third to fifth cervical vertebral level. The mass was T2-weighted hypointense, T1-weighted isointense, with homogeneous contrast enhancement. Based on the surgical, histopathological, and microbiologic findings, the lesion was diagnosed as an inflammatory pseudotumor. At 55 days postoperatively, the patient demonstrated marked gait improvement, and MRI confirmed successful mass removal with a small residual intramedullary lesion at the C5 level. Follow-up MRI at day 118 exhibited tumor recurrence, and hypofractionated radiotherapy was administered. One month after treatment, MRI demonstrated lesion size reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiome changes in a captive giant panda with cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Xueying Wang, Ryoji Umemoto, Mizuki Kato, Takashi Hayakawa","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0042","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.26-0042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The interaction between gut bacteria and their host is vital for the early diagnosis and treatment of disease in captive animals. Here, we report a 16S rRNA sequencing-based bacterial profile during the progression of cardiovascular disease and drug treatment in a captive giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). We observed changes in the composition of bacteria associated with inflammation and regulating nutrient metabolism. Predicted metabolic functions also exhibited alterations. The remarkably reduced gut microbiome diversity, along with the imbalance in community interaction networks, indicated possible gut dysfunction. Our findings represent the first description of gut bacterial changes in a giant panda with cardiovascular disease. Maintaining symbiotic bacteria diversity is crucial for preventing health issues in captive animals and advancing wildlife conservation efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1448-1455"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}