American Journal of Audiology最新文献

{"title":"Voices From the Field: A Quality Improvement Project for Progressive Tinnitus Management 2.0.","authors":"Khaya Clark, Suheily Lovelace, John C Moring, Emily J Thielman, Kassander A Thompson, James A Henry, Tara Zaugg","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00167","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Tinnitus is a common health condition in the general population, with increased prevalence among military Veterans. Tinnitus is, in fact, the most prevalent military service-connected disability. There is no cure for tinnitus, but interventions are available to help patients manage their reactions to tinnitus and reduce its functional impact. Progressive tinnitus management (PTM) is a stepped-care protocol that involves coordinated audiological and behavioral health clinical services. PTM was endorsed by national Veterans Affairs (VA) audiology leadership in 2009. Given new clinical insights and research findings since the initial rollout of PTM, it remains necessary to improve and update the protocol in response to feedback from clinicians and patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This two-phase quality improvement project captured quantitative and qualitative feedback from VA and Department of Defense (DOD) clinicians and patients concerning PTM materials. A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used to integrate the quantitative and qualitative data, and a consensus method was used to adjudicate any discrepant findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Phase 1, 21 VAs and DOD clinicians and patients completed semistructured interviews and quantitative measures on the PTM handbook and workbook revisions. Phase 1 findings were recommendations to modify content, format, and adaptations of content (e.g., electronic formats with a clickable index). In Phase 2, six non-Veteran patients assisted in pilot testing PTM PowerPoint slides used by clinicians for PTM skills education sessions. Phase 2 findings indicated that the revised PTM PowerPoint slides were useful and clinically acceptable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings from this study are being used to revise and update materials in the PTM skills education sessions. More generally, the study demonstrates the necessity of end-user input to inform and implement clinical updates.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27057691.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1077-1091"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Audiometric Profiles Across a Clinical Population of Children With Hyperacusis.","authors":"Kelly N Jahn, Braden M Wiegand-Shahani, Edward Lobarinas","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00090","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Hyperacusis (sound sensitivity) is well documented among adults, but little is known about hyperacusis in children. Here, we assess relationships among the presence of hyperacusis, audiometric profiles, and nonauditory factors in a pediatric clinical population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A retrospective review of clinical records from 329 children, ages 2-17 years, was performed to assess the prevalence of hyperacusis and correlations among hearing status, behavioral or communication concerns, and the presence of hyperacusis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 329 study participants, 18% reported hyperacusis (58% male and 42% female). No significant sex or age differences were found. Hyperacusis was more likely to occur alongside normal hearing or with unilateral hearing loss relative to bilateral hearing loss. Among children with hyperacusis, there was a high prevalence of audiovestibular problems, mental health concerns, speech and language delays, difficulty in school, and behavioral problems. Tinnitus was also found to be comorbid with hyperacusis, but the comorbidity was less than that reported in adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified common hearing profiles and critical comorbidities in a large clinical cohort of children with hyperacusis. These results demonstrate the urgent need for standardized multidisciplinary assessment and treatment protocols for pediatric hyperacusis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1155-1163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11622781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ototoxic Drug Exposure and Hearing Loss in Neonates: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Subaasri Rameshsankar, Jayashree Seethapathy, Umamaheshwari Balakrishnan","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00065","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This scoping review aims to map the effects of dosage levels, dosage intervals, duration of exposure, and serum concentration levels of gentamicin, amikacin, vancomycin, furosemide, and bumetanide on newborn hearing.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using PubMed, Scopus, and Ovid databases (January 2010-2022), a scoping review was conducted to identify studies on ototoxic drug exposure in neonates. The review included articles that described details on ototoxic drug exposure and hearing status, dosage levels, duration of exposure, and serum concentration levels. The search results were summarized using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 4,395 entries, 28 were selected for inclusion in the scoping review. The studies were separated according to the exposed drugs: gentamicin, amikacin, vancomycin, furosemide, bumetanide, and a combination of drugs. Four out of five studies on amikacin exposure revealed an increased association with ototoxicity and abnormal trough levels. Six of seven studies on gentamicin exposure reported elevated trough concentration levels in a small number of infants, but no studies reported hearing loss. Two out of four studies on vancomycin exposure reported a dose-dependent risk for infants to develop hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gentamicin exposure in neonates has been extensively studied and considered relatively safe, except in cases of elevated peak or trough concentration levels. Amikacin exposure was reported to be more ototoxic, as the elevation of trough concentration levels was associated with refer results in hearing. Loop-diuretic exposure demonstrated a significant ototoxic effect. When used with other ototoxic medications, vancomycin is said to have a greater effect on ototoxicity.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.26814700.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1356-1377"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of an Auditory Processing Training Program on Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder.","authors":"Erin C Schafer, Kamakshi V Gopal, Lauren Mathews, Sharon Miller, Boji P W Lam","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00134","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Children and young adults diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often report and exhibit significant auditory processing difficulties, particularly in background noise. This study extends our previous work by examining the potential benefits of a 12-week auditory processing training (APT) program designed to address the auditory processing difficulties in individuals with ASD via auditory training and the use of remote-microphone technology. Effect sizes of training benefits also were calculated, and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to consolidate performance across various tests into fewer meaningful constructs related to auditory processing in this population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty-eight children and young adults with ASD participated in a 12-week APT program that included one-on-one speech-in-noise training, computerized dichotic training, and use of remote-microphone technology at home and at school. Before and after training, each participant completed tests of speech recognition in noise, spatial processing, binaural integration, and general auditory processing skills.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant performance improvements and medium-to-large effect sizes were found across most test measures after the participants completed the APT program and when using the remote-microphone system. PCA identified strong relationships among all test measures as well as documented the relationships between behavioral performance, training duration, and training improvements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The APT program significantly improved spatial processing, binaural integration, phonological processing, auditory memory, auditory cohesion, and speech recognition in noise in individuals with ASD when the remote-microphone system was used. PCA analysis of pre- and posttraining data showed a strong relationship among all test measures, suggesting an abbreviated auditory processing test battery may be feasible for individuals with ASD. Training duration (minutes) and training improvements were associated with performance outcomes measured by the test battery.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1221-1236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Sacculocollic and Vestibulomasseteric Reflex Pathways in Individuals With Migraine and Vestibular Migraine.","authors":"Adithya Sreedharan Sanitha, Sujeet Kumar Sinha","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00107","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The study's objective was to evaluate the functioning of sacculocollic and vestibulomasseteric reflex pathways in individuals with vestibular migraine and migraine.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Seventy-five participants aged 18-50 years were selected for the study. Participants were divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 25 healthy individuals, Group 2 consisted of 25 migraine individuals, and Group 3 consisted of 25 individuals with vestibular migraine. Cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and masseter vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (mVEMP) were recorded using a 500-Hz tone burst stimulus presented at 125 dB peSPL for all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cVEMP test results showed a delayed p13 and n23 latency for both migraine and vestibular migraine individuals when compared to healthy individuals. Also, the amplitude of the p13-n23 peak was reduced compared to healthy individuals in both migraine and vestibular migraine. Similarly, the mVEMP test results showed a delayed p11 and n21 latency for both migraine and vestibular migraine individuals. No difference was observed in the amplitude of the p11-n21 peak complex between the three groups. Spearman's rho correlation revealed no significant (<i>p</i> > .05) correlation between cervical and masseter VEMP latency and amplitude parameters between healthy, migraine, and vestibular migraine individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of the study are suggestive of the pathology of the sacullocollic and vestibulomasseteric reflex pathways in individuals with migraine and vestibular migraine. Individuals with migraine and vestibular migraine should undergo a detailed vestibular evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1257-1269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Matching the Processing Delays of Cochlear Implant and Hearing Aid Devices for Bimodal Listeners on Speech Recognition in Noise.","authors":"Margaret E Richter, Meredith A Rooth, Margaret T Dillon","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00026","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cochlear implant (CI) recipients who listen with a hearing aid (HA) in the contralateral ear, known as bimodal listeners, demonstrate individual variability in speech recognition in noise. This variability may be due in part to differences in the processing delays of the CI and HA devices. This study investigated the influence of matching the processing delays of CI and HA devices on masked speech recognition for bimodal listeners.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twelve postlingually deafened adult CI recipients completed a task of masked speech recognition in two listening conditions: (a) independent default CI and HA processing delays (mismatched) and (b) with their HA-specific delay applied to the CI processing delay (matched). Speech recognition was evaluated with AzBio sentences presented in a 10-talker masker at a 0 dB SNR. The target was presented from the front loudspeaker at 0° azimuth, and the masker was co-located with the target, presented 90° toward the CI ear, or presented 90° toward the HA ear.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant main effect for target-to-masker configuration, with better performance when the masker was spatially separated from the target. Better masked speech recognition was observed in the matched condition as compared to the mismatched condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bimodal listeners may experience better masked speech recognition when the processing delay of the CI is individualized to match the processing delay of the contralateral HA.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27616845.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1350-1355"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation-Based Approaches for Training Communication and Counseling Skills in Clinical Education in Audiology: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Amisha Kanji, Jennifer Watermeyer","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00097","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This review article aimed to obtain an understanding of the positive outcomes and challenges associated with the use of simulation-based approaches for teaching communication and counseling skills in clinical education in audiology as described in the literature.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A scoping review was conducted during October 2023 to identify published journal articles that described how simulation-based approaches were used for teaching or assessing communication and/or counseling skills among audiology students. Database searches yielded 208 articles initially. Following abstract screening and full-text review, 17 articles were included for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most studies focused on using simulation-based approaches for teaching, and there was a stronger focus on pediatric audiology. Most studies involved the use of standardized patients, with data collected via quantitative approaches using rating scales and surveys. Simulation-based approaches can offer positive learning experiences and practice opportunities for students acquiring communication and counseling skills. However, the benefits of simulation over traditional methods are unclear. Students may struggle to integrate technical and communication skills in simulated learning experiences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Engaging with simulation-based approaches may provide important practice opportunities, but these methods are not sufficient to ensure acquisition of communication and counseling skills. More qualitative studies are needed to understand the nuances of if and how students might acquire such skills via simulated learning experiences. We offer some suggestions for improvement of future studies on this topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1395-1407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of the Unilateral Hearing Loss in Youth Instrument for Children With Single-Sided Deafness.","authors":"Grace W Chang, Erin S Christianson, Rachel S Barr, Xing Wang, Janet J Dunnell, Kathleen C Y Sie","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00040","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>While general practice parameter recommendations for children with unilateral hearing loss or single-sided deafness (SSD) have been published, clinically utilized subjective instruments specifically designed to assess this population are scarce. Treatment options are evaluated using audiometric data, speech perception data, and quality of life instruments. The Unilateral Hearing Loss in Youth (uniHELO) is a subjective assessment instrument that aims to evaluate the listening challenges in this population, but it has not yet been studied in a clinical setting. This study examined the reliability of the uniHELO among children with SSD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This was a prospective within-subject study. Nine patients with SSD, aged 8-14 years, were enrolled. Participants had not used a personal hearing device for at least 6 months prior to enrollment. The uniHELO instrument was administered at two clinic visits separated by 3-4 weeks. For comparison, the Pediatric and Parent Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) instruments were administered during the same visits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>uniHELO scores were not significantly different between the first and second visits. The correlations of scale scores over time were: .96 for the uniHELO, which suggests excellent test-retest reliability; .84 for the Parent SSQ, which also suggests excellent test-retest reliability; and .27 for the Pediatric SSQ, which suggests poor test-retest reliability compared to the Parent SSQ and uniHELO.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within-subject scale uniHELO scores between clinic visits showed excellent test-retest reliability across items. The test-retest reliability scores for the uniHELO were also stronger than those for the Parent and Pediatric SSQ. These data support the use of the uniHELO to evaluate listening challenges in children with SSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1144-1154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Level and Frequency of Forward Masker on Auditory Brainstem Response.","authors":"Durga S Kumar, Sreeraj Konadath","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00021","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Forward masking (FM) is characterized by the perception of a signal being reduced or wholly masked due to a preceding sound (masker) of the same or different frequencies that offers a challenge for the auditory system to resolve. Considering that the off-frequency masker is expected to undergo linear processing compared to the on-frequency masker at the signal place, it reflects the peripheral auditory systems' compressive response. Thus, the present study focused on employing FM electrophysiological analogous such as auditory brainstem responses (ABR) to the behavioral masking experiments to objectively measure the frequency and level of processing in the auditory system, from the periphery to the brainstem level.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study was an observational research on 21 female volunteers. ABR was obtained using a tone-on-tone FM paradigm for 1000- and 4000-Hz probe stimuli. An experiment used two forward maskers, on-frequency and off-frequency, with varying levels from 50 to 70 dB SPL<i>.</i></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A progressive shift for V^th peak latency and reduction in response amplitude was observed in proportion to the increase of masker level for both the probe stimuli and the masking experiments. However, ABR responses in neither masking condition were observed to differ between 60 and 70 dB SPL<i>.</i></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FM ABR experiments are an assessment tool for estimating frequency and level processing in the auditory system, providing good efficiency, reliability, and less subject bias compared to behavioral measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1237-1245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of 226- and 1000-Hz Probe Tone Tympanometry With Myringotomy Findings in Infants.","authors":"Donata Gellrich, Katharina Eder, Matthias Echternach, Moritz Gröger, Patrick Huber","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00062","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to verify the diagnostic value of tympanometry with 226- and 1000-Hz probe tones in infants by comparing tympanometry results with the gold standard of the middle ear state assessed by myringotomy. Furthermore, clinically useful predictors for false peaked tympanograms despite the presence of middle ear fluid should be identified.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Pre-operative 226- and 1000-Hz tympanograms were retrospectively compared with intraoperative findings of the tympanic cavity after myringotomy in 111 infants (217 ears) aged ≤ 12 months. In addition to the shape of tympanograms, demographic and clinical characteristics, the results of other audiometric measurements, and the viscosity of middle ear fluid, if present, were evaluated in several subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity and specificity of 1000-Hz tympanometry for middle ear effusion (MEE) detection were 97%-98% and 71%-84%, respectively, whereas standard tympanometry with a 226-Hz probe tone achieved a poor sensitivity of 43%-61% and a specificity of 81%-97%. Younger age, low viscosity of the middle ear fluid, and female sex were associated with an increased risk of false peaked 226-Hz tympanograms despite MEE. Furthermore, larger equivalent outer ear canal volumes were linked to false peaked 226-Hz tympanograms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The comparison of myringotomy findings and 226- and 1000-Hz tympanometry confirms the superiority of high-frequency tympanometry in infants younger than 12 months. Although this study identified some vague predictors of potentially false peaked 226-Hz tympanograms, the assessment of the middle ear state by 226-Hz tympanometry remains unreliable in young infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1246-1256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}