Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science最新文献

{"title":"Beyond plagiarism: emerging challenges in research integrity and editorial responsibility.","authors":"Yong-Gun Kim, Shin-Young Park, Jae-Kook Cha, Dae-Young Kang, Hwan Tae Ahn, Jun-Beom Park","doi":"10.5051/jpis.265603edi01","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.265603edi01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":"56 3","pages":"187-188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13338587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148392276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of buccal bone thickness in the esthetic zone of patients with gummy smile: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Kitichai Janaphan, Hyun-Chang Lim, Kamon Budsaba, Thanasak Rakmanee","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2502400120","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2502400120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate buccal bone thickness (BT) patterns in the maxillary anterior region, examine correlations with clinical and radiographic parameters, and assess the predictive value of these parameters in patients with gummy smiles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-four gummy smile patients were included. Six anterior maxillary teeth (canine to canine) per patient were evaluated using clinical examination, digital photography, cone-beam computed tomography, and intraoral scanning. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thick BT (>1 mm) was observed in 75.4% and 69.1% of teeth at 1 mm (BT1) and 3 mm (BT3) below the bone crest (BC), respectively. Thicker BT was more prevalent in males, canines, thick-flat gingival architecture, and sagittal root position class III. Positive correlations were found between BT at both levels and keratinized tissue width, smile line, crown width-to-length ratio, gingival thickness (GT) at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), and sagittal root angulation. Negative correlations were identified between the CEJ-to-BC and gingival margin-to-BC distances and GT at 1 and 3 mm. Multiple regression analysis identified GT as the strongest predictor of BT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gummy smile patients predominantly exhibit a thick bone morphotype. GT below the BC was the strongest negative predictor of BT. These distinct bone characteristics may affect treatment planning for esthetic procedures such as surgical crown lengthening.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"199-212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13338595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of lipopolysaccharide and titanium ions on monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell expansion in gingival tissue: implications for peri-implant bone health.","authors":"Eun-Young Jang, Seok Bin Yang, Jung-Mi Lee, Kyu Hwan Kwack","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2504480224","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2504480224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Titanium particles and ions detected in peri-implant tissues have been implicated in crestal bone loss around dental implants. However, their precise effects on adjacent peri-implant structures remain insufficiently understood. This study investigates the impact of foreign body reactions induced by titanium ions on peri-implant bone levels, with a specific focus on monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs), which have been reported to possess osteoclast precursor potential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bone marrow, spleen, and gingival cells were exposed to titanium ions and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to evaluate M-MDSC differentiation using flow cytometry. In addition, an <i>in vivo</i> mouse model with titanium implants was employed to assess M-MDSC proliferation, phenotypic characteristics, and associated peri-implant bone changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Titanium ions enhanced the differentiation of M-MDSCs and macrophages from bone marrow-derived precursors. <i>In vitro</i> experiments demonstrated that titanium ions and LPS synergistically increased M-MDSC populations. <i>In vivo</i>, mice with ligature-induced peri-implantitis surrounding titanium implants exhibited a significant increase in M-MDSCs within peri-implant tissues. Notably, these M-MDSCs showed upregulated expression of the osteoclastogenic receptor c-Fms (CD115), indicating a primed state for osteoclast differentiation. This cellular shift was accompanied by a corresponding reduction in peri-implant bone mineral density and bone volume when compared with mice bearing implants alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Titanium ions and inflammatory stimuli synergistically promote not only the expansion of M-MDSCs but also their osteoclastogenic priming. These findings suggest that primed M-MDSCs may function as key cellular mediators in the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis. Furthermore, they highlight M-MDSCs as a potential therapeutic target for improving implant longevity and underscore the importance of controlling peri-implant inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"253-265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13338589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of periodontitis progression by a non-steroidal inhibitor of steroid sulfatase in healing-impaired conditions: a preclinical rodent model pilot experiment.","authors":"Young Woo Song, Ji Min Choi, Yoon-Hee Kwon, Jin-Young Park, Jae-Kook Cha, Sung-Jin Kim, Jeong Taeg Seo, Seok Jun Moon, Dong Min Shin, Ui-Won Jung","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2404220211","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2404220211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the potential effect of increasing systemic cholesterol sulfate (CS) levels by applying a non-steroidal inhibitor of steroid sulfatase (STS inhibitor) on the progression of periodontitis in osteoporosis-induced rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 16 ovariectomized female Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and periodontitis was induced by placing non-resorbable suture material around the maxillary second molars bilaterally for 5 weeks. During this period, the animals received either STS inhibitor-mixed feed (high-CS group, n=8) or conventional feed (control group, n=8). At 5 weeks after periodontitis induction, histologic outcomes were statistically compared between the 2 groups (<i>P<</i>0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The high-CS group showed significantly shorter distances between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and the apical location of the junctional epithelium at proximal sites (0.12 mm shorter on average) and between the CEJ and the alveolar bone crest at proximal sites (0.19 mm shorter on average) compared with the control group. The mean areal percentage of alveolar bone within the furcation area was also significantly higher in the high-CS group (11.82% higher on average) than in the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increasing systemic CS levels may suppress periodontal tissue destruction caused by periodontitis in ovariectomized rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"189-198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13338588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145662409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between the miR-146a rs57095329 polymorphism and the risk of peri-implantitis.","authors":"Tao Yu, Feng Tian, Yuntong Yang","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2502460123","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2502460123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Emerging evidence highlights genetic susceptibility as a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis. The present study aimed to examine the potential association between the microRNA (miR)-146a rs57095329 polymorphism and susceptibility to peri-implantitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 230 patients with implant-supported dentures free of peri-implantitis and 230 patients diagnosed with peri-implantitis were recruited. Genotyping was performed using the restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, and miR-146a expression was analyzed using real-time qualitative PCR. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test was used to confirm whether the genotype distribution matched expected values. Logistic regression analysis was then conducted to identify potential independent risk indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>miR-146a expression was significantly higher in the peri-implantitis group, with expression levels following the order: AA genotype > GA genotype > GG genotype. The AA genotype (odds ratio [OR], 2.753; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.510-5.019; <i>P<</i>0.001) and the A allele (OR, 1.599; 95% CI, 1.220-2.094; <i>P<</i>0.001) were significantly associated with increased peri-implantitis risk. Mutations in the G allele may serve as a protective factor. The AA genotype showed the highest plaque index, and a significant positive correlation was observed between miR-146a expression levels and plaque index. In addition, patients with the AA genotype exhibited poorer periodontal indices and higher tumor necrosis factor-α levels compared with those carrying GG/GA genotypes. Indicators of periodontal health status, miR-146a levels, and the rs57095329 polymorphism may therefore serve as independent risk factors for peri-implantitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The miR-146a rs57095329 polymorphism was significantly associated with susceptibility to peri-implantitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"213-223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13338593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlations between early ultrasound markers and the outcomes of staged lateral guided bone regeneration.","authors":"Amanda Rodriguez Betancourt, Shan-Huey Yu, Jose Maria Ramos, Maria Masotti, Nataly Zambrana, Oliver Kripfgans, Hsun-Liang Chan","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2403380169","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2403380169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a widely used strategy for augmenting lost jawbone. The extent of bone gain varies among patients and typically remains unknown until after a healing period of 4-6 months. This study aims to demonstrate the use of novel ultrasonography techniques to provide predictive values for bone gain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 16 subjects with 20 edentulous ridges undergoing GBR for lateral bone deficiencies of 1-3 mm in the posterior mandible. Ultrasound (US) images were captured at the surgical site 10 days postoperatively. Four US-derived parameters were assessed: tissue perfusion, wound approximation, tissue swelling, and bone integrity. Each parameter was categorized as either \"yes\" or \"no.\" These parameters were then correlated with bone gain, measured from pre-intervention and 5-month post-intervention cone-beam computed tomography images.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study assessed 20 sites (mean patient age, 58 years) with resorbable membranes and mixed mineralized/demineralized cortical allografts. The mean bone gain was 1.5 mm (standard deviation, 2.54 mm; range, -4.86 to 7.31 mm). Significantly greater bone gain was observed in cases with favorable wound approximation and biomaterial stability. The multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a significant association between biomaterial stability and bone gain, with an average gain of 4.56 mm (95% confidence interval, 2.28 to 6.84; <i>P</i>=0.001; R²=0.59).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These newly developed US parameters could potentially predict bone gain as early as 10 days following GBR. While proper wound approximation is crucial, the stability of biomaterials may ultimately determine the outcome of GBR.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05013580.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"224-237"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13338594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pseudo-periosteum on hard and soft tissue regeneration following lateral bone augmentation using a titanium mesh: an experimental <i>in vivo</i> study.","authors":"Seung-Hyun Park, Kyeong-Won Paeng, So-Ra Yoon, Goran I Benic, Daniel S Thoma, Ui-Won Jung, Ronald E Jung","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2504020201","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2504020201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aims of this study were 1) to evaluate the 16-week bone augmentation outcomes using a titanium mesh (TM), including an 8-week transmucosal healing period following TM removal, and 2) to investigate the impact of pseudo-periosteum formation on regenerative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Atrophic alveolar ridge defects were induced in 6 canine mandibles, and 5 peri-implant defects were created in each hemi-mandible. Bone augmentation was attempted using the following randomly allocated modalities: 1) Control: no treatment; 2) TM group: blood clot covered by TM; 3) TM + bone substitute (BS) group: synthetic BS covered by TM; 4) TM + collagen membrane (CM) group: blood clot covered by TM and CM; and 5) TM + BS + CM group: BS covered by TM and CM. TMs were removed after 8 weeks, followed by abutment connection and an additional 8-week healing period. After sacrifice, histomorphometric analyses of hard and soft tissues were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regardless of early TM exposure (5/30), all implants achieved successful osseointegration and demonstrated comparable bone regeneration outcomes. No significant differences in horizontal or vertical bone gain were observed among the groups, whereas superiority of the TM + BS group over the control group showed a higher augmented bone percentage (<i>P</i>=0.021). The thickness of the pseudo-periosteum was not associated with hard or soft tissue regeneration outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TM removal after 8 weeks did not significantly affect the histologic outcomes of lateral bone augmentation performed with simultaneous implant placement. The presence of a pseudo-periosteum did not adversely influence either hard or soft tissue regenerative outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"238-252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13338590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cobinamide inhibits osteoclastogenesis and alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis.","authors":"Jiwon Seok, Hyo Jeong Kim, Ka-Young Ryu, Heon-Jin Lee, Yong-Gun Kim, Hema Kalyanaraman, Shyamsundar Pal China, Renate B Pilz, Gerry R Boss, Youngkyun Lee","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2505520276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2505520276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the hard and soft tissues surrounding the teeth and is initiated by bacterial biofilms. Severe alveolar bone resorption often occurs because of marked increases in osteoclast number and activity, which can ultimately lead to tooth loss. Recent evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) may act as a common mediator of both osteoclastogenesis and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined the effect of the potent antioxidant cobinamide, a vitamin B₁₂ derivative, on osteoclast differentiation from mouse bone marrow macrophage (BMM) precursors in culture and on bone resorption and inflammation in a mouse model of ligature-induced periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At submicromolar concentrations, cobinamide significantly reduced receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand-dependent differentiation of osteoclasts from mouse BMM precursors. In addition, cobinamide rapidly and almost completely abrogated ROS generation and Ca²⁺ oscillations in differentiating osteoclasts, both of which are essential for osteoclastogenesis. Local application of cobinamide in a hydrogel significantly reduced alveolar bone resorption in the ligature-induced periodontitis model, concomitant with a marked reduction in osteoclast number and activity. Furthermore, cobinamide prevented ligature-induced oxidative tissue damage while simultaneously reducing T-cell and macrophage recruitment and the production of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that cobinamide has anti-osteoclastogenic and anti-inflammatory effects in periodontitis, suggesting its potential clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of potential factors influencing variations in vertical soft tissue thickness at implant sites following the extraction of teeth with severe periodontitis: a prospective exploratory study.","authors":"Zhong Zhang, Huanxin Meng, Jie Han, Dong Shi, Li Zhang, Wenjing Li","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2304020201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2304020201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The vertical dimension of soft tissue is crucial for planning implant placement, tissue augmentation procedures, and maintaining the long-term health of peri-implant tissue. However, evidence regarding the variation in soft tissue thickness at implant sites and the factors influencing it is limited. This study investigated the potential determinants of soft tissue thickness variation at implant sites following tooth extraction due to severe periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 176 hopeless teeth in 94 patients with stage III/IV periodontitis were extracted due to severe periodontal destruction. Pre-extraction parameters were documented based on clinical and radiographic examinations, including tooth position; presence or absence of neighboring teeth; and the height difference between the proximal alveolar crest of the neighboring teeth and the extracted tooth. Socket morphology was examined clinically. During implant placement, vertical soft tissue thickness was categorized as thin (<2 mm), normal (≥2 mm to <5 mm), and thick (≥5 mm). Logistic regression analyses with generalized estimating equations identified potential factors influencing soft tissue thickness. Interactions among variables were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean vertical soft tissue thickness at the implant site was 3.8±1.3 mm. None of the implant sites showed thin soft tissue. Thick soft tissue was predominantly observed in the maxillary anterior region and was significantly associated with discrepancies in socket bone wall height. When pre-extraction periodontal therapy was administered, a notable increase in soft tissue wall height was significantly correlated with the presence of thick soft tissue at the implant site. The absence of neighboring teeth and a healing period of ≥2 months post-extraction did not show significant correlations with soft tissue thickness at the implant sites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The morphology of the extraction socket, potentially influenced by long-term periodontal inflammation, along with the position of the tooth site, may significantly contribute to variations of soft tissue thickness at the implant site.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective study on the outcomes of vestibuloplasty with a xenogeneic collagen matrix.","authors":"Hyun-Chang Lim, Sulim Han, Young Woo Song, Gyu-Tae Kim, Yi Man, Seungil Shin, Yeek Herr","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2600560028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2600560028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To retrospectively evaluate the effects of vestibuloplasty using a xenogeneic collagen matrix (XCM) at implant sites with insufficient peri-implant keratinized tissue (PIKT) and a shallow peri-implant vestibule (PIV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent vestibuloplasty with an XCM between July 2021 and August 2023 at Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital were included. Inclusion criteria were PIKT <2 mm, PIV <4 mm at baseline, and a follow-up duration of >6 months. Clinical parameters, including PIKT and PIV, were measured at baseline and at 1 month, 6 months, and the final visit. Marginal bone level (MBL), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and the modified plaque index (mPI) were recorded at the final visit. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen patients with 22 implant sites were included, with a mean follow-up of 1.19±0.27 years. Baseline PIKT and PIV were 0.59±0.57 mm and 2.66±0.81 mm, respectively. At the final visit, the mean gains in PIKT and PIV were 1.52±1.16 mm and 2.73±1.99 mm, resulting in final values of 2.11±1.01 mm and 5.39±1.85 mm, respectively. Clinical and radiographic peri-implant parameters indicated favorable conditions (PD: 2.30±0.61 mm; BOP: 0.15±0.26; mPI: 0.27; MBL: 1.23±0.97 mm).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vestibuloplasty using an XCM was associated with achieving clinically accepted threshold values for PIKT and PIV while maintaining favorable peri-implant conditions. Long-term follow-up is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}