Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science最新文献

{"title":"Multivariable analysis to identify predictors of dental implant failure after alveolar ridge preservation: a non-interventional observational study.","authors":"Dae-Young Kang, Hyeon-Seong Ahn, Jun-Hyeong Kong, Sangmin Kim, Sung-Jo Lee, In-Woo Cho, Hyun-Seung Shin, Leonardo Trombelli, Jung-Chul Park, Hyun-Chang Lim","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2404660233","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2404660233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine predictors of implant treatment failure after alveolar ridge preservation (ARP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included patients who received implant treatment after ARP between 2014 and 2020. The demographic, clinical, and radiographic data of these patients were collected. Implant success was defined as the absence of pain or tenderness, no mobility, a change of <2 mm in marginal bone level, and no exudation. A Cox proportional hazards model with shared frailty was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for the demographic, clinical, and radiographic factors contributing to implant failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 528 implants from 412 patients. The cumulative success rate over 3.5±1.8 years (mean ± standard deviation) was 89.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 85.4%-92.8%), with 43 failed implants. The multiple Cox proportional hazards model with shared frailty indicated that a pristine bone engagement (PBE) of <1.1 mm was significantly associated with implant failure (HR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.34-4.67; <i>P</i>=0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PBE of at least 1.1 mm appears to decrease the probability of implant failure after ARP.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"447-461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12798422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celebrating a new chapter in international collaboration.","authors":"Mehdi Valizadeh, Yang-Jo Seol","doi":"10.5051/jpis.255505edi01","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.255505edi01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":"55 5","pages":"321-322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145439996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of periodontitis progression by a non-steroidal inhibitor of steroid sulfatase in healing-impaired conditions: a preclinical rodent model pilot experiment.","authors":"Young Woo Song, Ji Min Choi, Yoon-Hee Kwon, Jin-Young Park, Jae-Kook Cha, Sung-Jin Kim, Jeong Taeg Seo, Seok Jun Moon, Dong Min Shin, Ui-Won Jung","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2404220211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2404220211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the potential effect of increasing systemic cholesterol sulfate (CS) levels by applying a non-steroidal inhibitor of steroid sulfatase (STS inhibitor) on the progression of periodontitis in osteoporosis-induced rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 16 ovariectomized female Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and periodontitis was induced by placing non-resorbable suture material around the maxillary second molars bilaterally for 5 weeks. During this period, the animals received either STS inhibitor-mixed feed (high-CS group, n=8) or conventional feed (control group, n=8). At 5 weeks after periodontitis induction, histologic outcomes were statistically compared between the 2 groups (<i>P<</i>0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The high-CS group showed significantly shorter distances between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and the apical location of the junctional epithelium at proximal sites (0.12 mm shorter on average) and between the CEJ and the alveolar bone crest at proximal sites (0.19 mm shorter on average) compared with the control group. The mean areal percentage of alveolar bone within the furcation area was also significantly higher in the high-CS group (11.82% higher on average) than in the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increasing systemic CS levels may suppress periodontal tissue destruction caused by periodontitis in ovariectomized rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145662409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective clinical study of immediate implant placement in the maxillary esthetic zone.","authors":"Hee-Seung Han, Sungtae Kim, Hyunjae Kim, Yuseung Yi, Young-Dan Cho","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2404240212","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2404240212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Immediate implant placement (IIP) offers several advantages, including minimizing hard and soft tissue deformation, reducing implant time and cost, and rapidly restoring tooth function. However, IIP is technically challenging due to the need to secure initial stability and limit functional loading during healing. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of a bone-level implant featuring a dual thread design-an upper U-shaped thread and a lower V-shaped thread-with an 11° internal hexagonal connection in IIP within the maxillary esthetic zone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 20 patients. Implants were inserted immediately after tooth extraction. Soft tissue changes were evaluated before tooth extraction (V0), after IIP (V1), at prosthesis delivery (V5), at a 3-month follow-up after prosthesis delivery (V6), and at a 1-year follow-up (V8). Bone dimensional changes were assessed at V1 and V8 using cone beam computed tomography, and the marginal bone level (MBL) was evaluated at V6 and V8 using 2-dimensional.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 20 patients, 3 dropped out due to osseointegration failure during the follow-up period. Although the horizontal dimensions of the soft and hard tissues decreased slightly, the gingival margin and MBL remained well maintained throughout the follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within this limited dataset, the lower V-shaped thread enabled favorable initial stability in IIP, and the esthetic outcomes were positive-with minimal gingival recession and marginal bone loss. Long-term follow-up is required to fully assess the impact of thread design and connection on esthetics.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0008231.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"397-407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144033832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure, biology, and function of peri-implant soft tissues in health and disease: a comprehensive review of the literature.","authors":"Néstor Ríos-Osorio, Luis Gabriel Ladino, Mario Guerrero-Torres","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2402080104","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2402080104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The morphogenesis of peri-implant soft tissues following surgical trauma, along with the nature, topography, and design of implant-prosthetic material surfaces, leads to peri-implant tissues that exhibit unique histological and morphological characteristics. It has been shown that mucosal phenotypes with a mucosal thickness of at least 2 mm and a keratinised mucosa width of at least 2 mm promote proper integration and a biological seal at the mucosa-implant interface. This seal prevents pathogen penetration, protects the underlying peri-implant bone, and reduces susceptibility to inflammatory peri-implant diseases (IPDs). Furthermore, even under ideal conditions, peri-implant soft tissues demonstrate less mechanical resistance, stability, and hermeticity compared to periodontal tissues. These deficiencies are directly associated with both the onset and progression of IPDs such as peri-implant mucositis (PM) and peri-implantitis (PI). Over recent decades, the prevalence of PM and PI has risen, making them the primary causes of implant failure. Given that the characteristics of peri-implant mucosa are closely linked to the progression of these diseases, a deep understanding of the biology of peri-implant soft tissues is crucial for developing strategies to either avoid or minimise the impact of IPDs on implant therapy outcomes. This comprehensive review of the literature aims to provide a precise and detailed description of the structure, biology, and function of peri-implant soft tissues, starting from their formation process and linking their morphogenic characteristics to the establishment and evolution of IPDs. Additionally, the composition of the microbiome and the most relevant anti/pro-inflammatory mediators involved in the development of IPDs are summarised.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"323-348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical evaluation of tapered-straight-tapered dental implants: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Hyunkyung Kim, Hee-Seung Han, Hyunjae Kim, Sungtae Kim, Young-Dan Cho","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2403220161","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2403220161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the long-term survival rate and marginal bone loss (MBL) of tapered-straight-tapered dental implants, considering various associated factors, over an observational period of ≥5 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 186 patients who underwent tapered-straight-tapered dental implant placement at Seoul National University Dental Hospital from 2014 to 2019. Digital panoramic radiographic images and dental records were examined. We evaluated multiple variables, such as sex, age, diabetes mellitus (DM), smoking status, placement region, jaw type (maxilla and mandible), implant diameter, implant length, staged surgery, immediate placement, splinted prosthesis, and implant placement depth (IPD). We first determined the implant survival rate using Kaplan-Meier analysis and analyzed potential risk factors for implant survival using mixed-effects Cox proportional hazards regression. Next, the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to examine differences in MBL across variables. Linear mixed-effects models with backward stepwise selection were used to identify associations between risk factors and MBL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 316 implants in 186 patients, monitored over a follow-up period of 7.0±1.36 years. The cumulative survival rate of the implants was 98.1%. The average mesial and distal MBLs were 0.59±1.36 mm and 0.68±1.36 mm, respectively. Linear mixed-effects models indicated that MBL exhibited statistically significant positive correlations with DM (Coeff.=0.614, <i>P</i>=0.026) and staged surgery (Coeff.=0.410, <i>P</i>=0.002). Additionally, greater mesial IPD was associated with reduced MBL (Coeff.=-0.143, <i>P</i>=0.046), and a similar trend was observed for distal IPD (Coeff.=-0.316, <i>P</i>=0.068).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated a high cumulative survival rate for tapered-straight-tapered dental implants over a 5-year period. DM, staged surgery, and IPD showed strong associations with increased MBL. The results suggest that tapered-straight-tapered implants offer advantages in terms of peri-implant MBL and consistent clinical outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of considering these variables in clinical decision-making to optimize implant outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"408-421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144065032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interleukin-6 regulates human <i>ODAM</i> gene expression in gingival epithelial cells.","authors":"Zhenyu Jin, Arisa Yamaguchi, Hideki Takai, Yohei Nakayama, Yorimasa Ogata","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2402980149","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2402980149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM) is a small secretory protein produced by the junctional epithelium (JE) and mature ameloblasts. It plays a role in odontogenesis and mediates the adhesion of JE to enamel. We used human gingival epithelial cells to evaluate the mechanism of <i>ODAM</i> gene expression regulation in the JE by interleukin (IL)-6.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ca9-22, Sa3, and HSY cells were stimulated with IL-6 (10 ng/mL), after which total RNA and proteins were extracted. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses were performed to assess the expression levels of ODAM mRNA and protein. Luciferase (LUC) assays were employed using LUC constructs with varying lengths of the <i>ODAM</i> gene promoter sequence. Gel mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses were conducted to investigate the binding of transcription factors to response elements within the gene promoter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with IL-6 increased the expressions of ODAM mRNA and protein. Additionally, it induced promoter activity of the <i>ODAM</i> gene, while LUC activity was suppressed by inhibitors of protein kinase A, tyrosine kinase, MEK1/2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, nuclear factor-κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, and glycoprotein 130. Gel mobility shift and ChIP analyses revealed that IL-6 induced the binding of yin yang 1 (YY1), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) β, GATA binding protein (GATA), and phospho-STAT3 to the YY1, C/EBP, GATA, and interferon-γ activated transcriptional element (GATE) 1-3 elements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that IL-6 upregulates <i>ODAM</i> gene expression by targeting the YY1, C/EBP, GATA, and GATE1-3 elements in the promoter region of the human <i>ODAM</i> gene.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"349-364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissecting the causal association of periodontitis with biological aging and its underlying mechanisms: findings from Mendelian randomization and integrative genetic analysis.","authors":"Yu Cao, George Pelekos, Lijian Jin, An Li, Mi Du, Shixian Hu, Zuyun Liu, Ke Deng","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2403420171","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2403420171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Chronic low-grade inflammation is linked to the biology of aging; however, evidence supporting a causal relationship between periodontitis-a dysbiotic biofilm-initiated inflammatory disease-and accelerated aging remains limited. This study investigated the causality between periodontitis and biological aging and identified potentially shared genomic loci, genes, and pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causality of periodontitis on age acceleration measures (DNAm PhenoAge acceleration, GrimAge acceleration, Hannum age acceleration, and intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration) using a dataset from genome-wide association studies of European ancestry populations. Independent genetic variants associated with each trait were used as instrumental variables. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method served as the primary MR approach, supplemented by sensitivity testing. We also performed additional statistical genetic analyses to identify pleiotropic loci, shared functional genes, and potential biological pathways, integrating large-scale expression quantitative trait loci data from blood samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MR analysis indicated a causal relationship between periodontitis and DNAm PhenoAge acceleration (IVW β=0.308; 95% confidence interval, 0.056-0.561; <i>P</i>=0.017), a finding corroborated by sensitivity analyses. There was a significant genetic overlap between periodontitis and age acceleration. Pleiotropic analysis revealed 24 shared SNPs associated with 242 genes, predominantly involved in immune functions and pathways related to cellular processes. Further integration analysis showed that 91 of these pleiotropic genes were causally linked to both conditions, with C6orf183 identified as a potential mediator.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study presents compelling genetic evidence supporting a causal relationship between periodontitis and accelerated aging. Further research is required to validate these findings and investigate the underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"383-396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From tradition to innovation: a bibliometric analysis of the evolution of periodontal plastic surgery.","authors":"Şeyma Çardakcı Bahar, Özlem Saraç Atagün, Seval Ceylan Şen, Gülbahar Ustaoğlu","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2404620231","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2404620231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the periodontal plastic surgery literature to identify trends, research gaps, and key themes within the field and to establish a perspective on documented research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This bibliometric study examined research outputs on mucogingival surgery indexed in the Web of Science database from 1990 to 2023. The Science Mapping Analysis Tool (SciMAT) software was used to visualize and predict research trends on this topic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An analysis of publication distribution by year revealed a decline in the number of publications between 1984 and 1995, followed by an overall upward trend after 1996 despite occasional decreases. The United States contributed the most with 593 publications, and Wang HL (n=74) was the most prolific author. The most frequently used keyword was \"gingival recession\" (n=625). Overall, the publications received 44,859 citations, averaging 25.49 citations per publication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Researchers have made significant efforts to improve clinical practices and procedures in periodontal plastic surgery, resulting in an increase in studies over recent years. By analyzing thematic maps and clusters-using indicators such as frequency, citations, and centrality-researchers can identify the strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in current research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"365-382"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified tunnel technique with and without enamel matrix derivative for deep and narrow gingival recession in the mandibular anterior region: a 3-year longitudinal and retrospective cohort population-based study.","authors":"Jae-Hong Lee, Yeon-Tae Kim","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2400760038","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2400760038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was conducted to evaluate the 3-year predictability and validity of the modified tunnel technique, both with and without the use of enamel matrix derivative (EMD), for treating deep and narrow gingival recession defects (GRDs) in the mandibular anterior region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Overall, 31 GRDs were treated using the modified tunnel technique combined with subepithelial connective tissue graft. The cohort was divided into 2 groups: one with the adjunctive use of EMD (n=16) and the other without EMD (n=15). Clinical outcomes, including recession depth (RD), keratinized tissue width (KTW), mean root coverage (MRC), and complete root coverage (CRC), were evaluated at baseline, as well as at 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years postoperatively. Patient discomfort was assessed with a self-report questionnaire 2 weeks after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the 3-year follow-up, no statistically significant differences were observed between the 2 treatment modalities in clinical parameters, including RD (EMD, -6.47±2.23 mm; non-EMD, -5.10±3.23 mm), KTW (EMD, 1.03±0.96 mm; non-EMD, 1.00±1.02 mm), MRC (EMD, 86.62%±21.18%; non-EMD, 80.24%±38.73%), and CRC (EMD, 62.5%; non-EMD, 73.3%). Furthermore, no significant differences were found between the groups in terms of early and subjective postoperative discomfort, including pain and swelling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the limitations of this study, the modified tunnel technique, whether used alone or in conjunction with EMD, demonstrated benefits in the treatment and maintenance of deep and narrow GRDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"295-305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12411134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}