Bioimpacts最新文献

{"title":"Transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing uncover prognostic characteristics and immune regulatory mechanisms of lactylation in cervical cancer.","authors":"Yunuo Zheng, Yue Li, Shenghan Zhang, Qian Lv, Jingbo Zhang, Bei Zhang, Yanyu Li","doi":"10.34172/bi.33527","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.33527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lactylation, an emerging post-translational modification, modulates tumor metabolism and gene expression, thereby influencing the initiation and progression of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC). This study aims to identify lactylation-associated prognostic features in CESC through the integration of transcriptomic data and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Publicly available datasets were utilized for this study. Lactylation-related genes (LRGs) linked to CESC prognosis were found through analysis. Key prognostic genes include PGK1, PFKP, DDX39A, RFC4, WAS, and PFKM, with PFKP identified as a risk factor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk model demonstrated strong predictive performance, and immune infiltration analysis revealed elevated levels of immune cells, with CD8⁺ T cells negatively correlating with risk. ScRNA-seq analysis identified three distinct cell types, with CD8⁺ T cells showing a distinct developmental trajectory, marked by a reduction in early-stage cells and an accumulation of late-stage cells within the CESC microenvironment. Moreover, the expression of prognostic genes was elevated during the later stages of CD8⁺ T cell differentiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LRGs demonstrated significant prognostic value in CESC and accurately predicted patient outcomes. Furthermore, the study underscored the pivotal role of CD8⁺ T cells in the progression of CESC.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"16 ","pages":"33527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13523972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Sustained release microneedle patch for pronounced systemic delivery of doxazosin mesylate.","authors":"Imran Anwar, Nadiah Zafar, Asif Mahmood, Zulcaif","doi":"10.34172/bi.34024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/bi.34024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.15171/bi.30257.].</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"16 ","pages":"34024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13523961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naphthoquinones mediate differentiation of human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells into insulin producing cells through regulation of Wnt and BMP pathways.","authors":"Javeria Masnoon, Aisha Ishaque, Irfan Khan, Zaheer Ul-Haq, Asmat Salim","doi":"10.34172/bi.33404","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.33404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) being a chronic metabolic disorder, causes a major concern for the healthcare system. Among different types, type 1 DM (T1DM) results in the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells, mediated by the immune system. Studies have demonstrated that human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) exhibit great potential to regenerate β-cells. Moreover, in order to enhance the regenerative potential of MSCs, several strategies are being utilized, including preconditioning with bioactive compounds. Among these, naphthoquinones can be used for MSC preconditioning in order to augment their therapeutic potential for β-cell regeneration, as these compounds possess anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>hUMSCs were isolated, characterized, and treated with non-cytotoxic concentrations of lawsone, lapachol, or their combination. The preconditioned cells were subsequently analyzed for pancreatic β-cell differentiation at gene and protein levels. The study also explores the role of Wnt and BMP signaling pathways during the differentiation process through gene expression analysis. Binding patterns of these compounds with their respective receptors were analyzed using <i>in silico</i> studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gene expression profiling showed overexpression of pancreatic β-cell-specific markers in the Law + hUMSC group, whereas downregulation of Neurogenin-3 (NGN3) was observed in all treatment groups. Immunocytochemical analysis also showed enhanced expression of insulin in Law + hUMSCs, relative to other groups. Transcriptional analysis of the wingless/integrated (Wnt) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathways showed increased Wnt and decreased BMP expression across all treatment groups. <i>In silico</i> analyses showed that the binding patterns of lawsone or lapachol with frizzled (FZD) and activin-like kinase 1 (ALK1) receptors share comparable sequence similarity, facilitating their binding to these receptors and regulating downstream Wnt and BMP signaling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concludes that the regulatory role of lawsone and lapachol can be exploited for preconditioning of MSCs for improved pancreatic β-cell differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"16 ","pages":"33404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13523978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined adipose- and umbilical cord-derived extracellular vesicles modulate inflammatory and chondrogenic signaling to promote cartilage repair.","authors":"Phat Thuan Nguyen, Phuc Van Pham, Ngoc Bich Vu","doi":"10.34172/bi.33591","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.33591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Articular cartilage has a limited intrinsic capacity for regeneration following injury, particularly in cases of severe defects. Exosome-based therapy has emerged as a promising cell-free regenerative strategy, with increasing preclinical evidence supporting its therapeutic potential in cartilage repair. As previous studies have indicated that human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) secrete regenerative factors, whereas human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) exert immunomodulatory effects, the combined use of exosomes from these two sources may have complementary therapeutic benefits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, exosome-enriched extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from hADSCs and hUCMSCs were combined, characterized, and evaluated in a cartilage defect model. The isolated EVs displayed a characteristic cup-shaped morphology under transmission electron microscopy, a size distribution ranging from 30 to 200 nm, and high expression levels of the exosomal markers CD9, CD63, and CD81.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with the combined EVs formulation promoted the regeneration of medial femoral condyle defects at 12 weeks post-injury compared to untreated controls, as demonstrated by an improved macroscopic appearance and scoring, radiographic evaluation, and increased deposition of total collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and aggrecan.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings provide proof-of-concept evidence that a combined hADSC- and hUCMSC-derived EVs formulation represents a feasible cell-free approach to cartilage repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"16 ","pages":"33591"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13523969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing a multi-epitope vaccine against dengue virus-2 using <i>in silico</i> tools for expression in plant systems.","authors":"Marzieh Shokoohi, Ara Manteghi Tafreshi, Milad Mokarami, Saeedeh Akhavan, Reza Mohammadhassan","doi":"10.34172/bi.30810","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.30810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dengue virus (DENV), transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, remains a serious global health threat with an increasing incidence, largely due to its complex epidemiology and the impact of climate change. DENV belongs to the <i>Flaviviridae</i> family, comprising four serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4). The high mutation rate of DENV and the risk of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) complicate the development of a vaccine. This study aims to design a multi-epitope vaccine against DENV, with a focus on DENV-2, the strain associated with severe symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>First, the genome of DENV-2 was analyzed and vaccine candidate proteins were identified by examining properties such as immunogenicity, toxicity, and allergenicity. The secondary and tertiary structures of the vaccine were predicted and validated, and the vaccine interaction with MHC receptors was analyzed through docking. The stability and flexibility of the vaccine were also evaluated by molecular dynamics simulation. Finally, the vaccine gene sequence was optimized for expression in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> and cloned into the pBI121 vector.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, four proteins were selected from the initial 10 proteins after eliminating those that were allergens, toxins, or had homology to human or mouse proteins. Finally, protein 3 was identified as the source antigen for epitope prediction and vaccine construction. This highly immunogenic, non-toxic, and non-allergenic protein, located in the cytoplasm, was used to design a multi-epitope vaccine that includes selected epitopes, an IL-12 adjuvant, and a His tag. The designed vaccine consisted of 380 amino acids, exhibited a suitable stability index, and possessed a valid three-dimensional structure, with 95.4% of the amino acids located in the preferred region of the Ramachandran map. Docking and dynamic simulations demonstrated a stable interaction between the vaccine and MHC-I and MHC-II receptors. Also, the vaccine gene sequence was cloned into the pBI121 vector for optimal expression in <i>N. benthamiana</i> with a codon compatibility index of 0.78 and a GC content of 50.53%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates the potential of computational approaches for developing targeted vaccines against dengue fever. Additionally, molecular farming offers a promising, safe, and cost-effective method for large-scale production of vaccines. Future research should focus on preclinical and clinical trials to validate the safety and efficacy of the vaccine.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"16 ","pages":"30810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13523977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive pan-cancer analysis and experimental validation of mitotic arrest defective 2-like 1 (MAD2L1) in colorectal cancer.","authors":"Qingqing Wu, Zhuangzhuang Tian, Liyu Cao","doi":"10.34172/bi.32796","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.32796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigates the function of MAD2L1 through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of pan-cancer data and molecular functional validation experiments, with a particular focus on colorectal cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed MAD2L1 expression, prognosis, genetic and epigenetic alterations, immune infiltration, and copper apoptosis-related genes across multiple cancers. A lncRNA-miRNA-MAD2L1 regulatory network was constructed for CRC. Drug sensitivity related to MAD2L1 was assessed via GSCALite. Functional assays included GO/KEGG enrichment, RT-PCR, Western blot, CCK-8, cell cycle, and apoptosis analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A comprehensive pan-cancer analysis revealed that MAD2L1 has diagnostic and prognostic value. Its expression correlated with methylation, immune cell infiltration, and immune checkpoint genes. In CRC, a lncRNA-miRNA-MAD2L1 network appears to regulate tumor progression. Enrichment analysis linked MAD2L1 to DNA replication and chromosome segregation. Functional experiments showed that MAD2L1 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis, likely via cell cycle regulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MAD2L1 is a potential biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, immune response, and drug sensitivity in pan-cancer, including CRC. It facilitates tumor progression through a lncRNA-miRNA-miRNA network and regulates proliferation and apoptosis via DNA replication and cell cycle pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"16 ","pages":"32796"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13523966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short interference RNAs in glomerulonephritis: A mini review.","authors":"Negin Frounchi, Diana Jafari Nakhjavani, Sima Abediazar, MohammadReza Ardalan, Farahnoosh Farnood","doi":"10.34172/bi.32812","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.32812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a heterogeneous group of kidney diseases characterized by inflammation and damage to the glomeruli. Current treatments for GN remain suboptimal, creating a pressing need for innovative therapeutic strategies. Short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) represent a promising advance in the therapeutic landscape for GN, offering targeted gene silencing that could fundamentally transform the management of this significant cause of kidney disease. siRNA therapies work by selectively silencing specific genes involved in the pathogenesis of GNs, including interferon pathways, B cell activation, TGF-β, MAPK1, HMGB1, BLYSS, and SIRT1. Preclinical evidence demonstrates improved kidney function and reduced glomerular damage in experimental models. While challenges remain in translating these findings to clinical applications, ongoing research suggests that siRNA-based therapies have the potential to transform the treatment of GN, offering new hope for patients with this challenging kidney disease. This review highlights the impact of siRNA-based therapies in GN, exploring their mechanisms, delivery systems, challenges, and preclinical and clinical evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"16 ","pages":"32812"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13523968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted delivery of doxorubicin using RSV F-protein modified breast cancer-derived exosomes in breast cancer-bearing mice.","authors":"Narges Mardi, Amir Zarebkohan, Cigir Biray-Avci, Reza Rahbarghazi, Mehdi Talebi, Hamid Lotfimehr, Sharareh Khavandkari, Zahra Abbasi-Malati, Nastaran Sedghi-Samarkhazan, Elham Shahriyari, Asghar Khalilnezhad, Morteza Milani, Mohammad Nouri","doi":"10.34172/bi.33180","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.33180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Triple-negative breast cancer demonstrated high metastasis and mortality rates in female populations. Emerging data on effective targeting and specific internalization of chemotherapeutic agents, using modified exosomes, decreased the therapeutic dosage of anti-cancer drugs in cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Herein, we developed modified exosomes by surface decoration using the Fusion protein of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (F-protein of RSV) through Click-chemistry techniques, and Dox-loaded via sonication strategy. Then, the viability and metastatic behaviors of MDA-MB-231 cells were monitored in the presence of different groups, including Dox, Exosomes (Exo), Exosomes loaded with Dox (Exo@Dox), and F-protein coupled Exosome groups (Exo-F) and (Exo-F@Dox).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In vitro and in vivo results verified that the F-protein coupled exosome, as a modified natural nanoplatform, possessed a biocompatible nature in blood circulation and crossing of blood barriers. After exposure to tumoral temperature (40 °C) and lysosomal PH (5.5) demonstrate amplified Dox release (around 60% at 8 h). Also, in vitro uptake results confirmed a significant increase in Exo-F internalization compared to the Exo group in MDA-MB-231 cells (<i>P</i><0.0001). Correspondingly, the IC50 value of Exo-F@Dox versus free Dox showed a significant reduction (24-fold more potent) (<i>P</i><0.0001). Interestingly, Dox-free modified Exo (Exo-F) showed appreciable cytotoxicity (IC50 of about 0.1 µg /mL for exosomal protein concentration) (<i>P</i>˂0.0001). Also, migration assay results confirmed a considerable decrease in the migrated population of MDA-MB-231 cells (10%) compared to the control group, following exposure to modified exosomes. Interestingly, an in vivo study in tumor-bearing Balb/c mice demonstrated a significantly decreased tumor size in the Exo-F groups compared to other formulations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, F-protein modified exosomes exhibited superior anticancer efficacy by improving tumor-specific targeting, ensuring precise delivery of chemotherapeutic agents, facilitating efficient drug release, and allowing for lower therapeutic dosages.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"16 ","pages":"33180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13310249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148347049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational analysis on design and optimization of low-frequency dielectrophoretic microfluidic lab on a chip for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolation from blood.","authors":"Saeed Saedy, Navid Alaei-Sheini, Shahrzad Ajabi, Karim Ansari-Asl","doi":"10.34172/bi.31358","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.31358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, particularly methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) strains, remain a critical clinical concern due to high mortality rates and delays in diagnosis. Traditional approaches, such as blood culture, are time consuming, whereas molecular methods are limited by their inability to assess bacterial viability. Dielectrophoresis (DEP)-based lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technology offers a label-free, rapid, and viability preserving alternative for pathogen isolation by exploiting differences in dielectric properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A dual-channel microfluidic separation device was developed with independently operated pathways. The primary channel (2000×198 μm) integrated ten crown-shaped microelectrodes, while the secondary channel (1540×80 μm) incorporated eight microelectrodes. The primary channel isolated both target strains directly from whole blood; the secondary channel enabled further separation between standard Gram-positive MRSA and MSSA. Finite element modeling was performed using COMSOL Multiphysics, which integrated the Electric Currents, Creeping Flow, and Particle Tracing modules. Separation efficiency was evaluated across varying voltages, electrode geometries, and sample-to-buffer flow rate ratios at 1 Hz. Dielectric properties from published data were used to calculate the Clausius-Mossotti (CM) factor for predicting DEP behavior.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the primary channel, nearly 100% separation efficiency and purity were achieved for isolating MRSA and MSSA from red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets (PLTs) at 24-28 Vpp and a sample-to-buffer flow rate ratio of 1:2. The secondary channel successfully differentiated MSSA from MRSA at 42-46 Vpp and a 1:5 flow rate ratio, exploiting their distinct membrane characteristics. Crown-shaped electrodes outperformed rectangular designs by generating higher electric field gradients, thereby enhancing separation performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The dual-channel LOC system enables high-efficiency, label-free separation and identification of MRSA and MSSA directly from whole blood using low-frequency negative DEP (nDEP). The optimized configuration supports rapid pathogen detection, offering substantial advantages over conventional diagnostic platforms.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"16 ","pages":"31358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13310248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a terbium-based coordination polymer nanoprobe for determination of clonazepam in exhaled breath condensate.","authors":"Zahra Najafzadeh, Tahir Suleymanov, Maryam Khoubnasabjafari, Vahid Jouyban-Gharamaleki, Jalal Hanaee, Elaheh Rahimpour, Abolghasem Jouyban","doi":"10.34172/bi.33423","DOIUrl":"10.34172/bi.33423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Clonazepam is a long-acting benzodiazepine utilized for conditions such as seizures, panic disorder, and other neurological/psychiatric disorders. It functions by increasing GABA effects, which leads to reduced neural activity. Careful dosage titration and monitoring are necessary due to potential side effects, including drowsiness, impaired motor coordination, memory loss, and dependence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this work, an optical probe based on a terbium (Tb) coordination polymer was developed for the quantification of clonazepam in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC). The principle of the probe was based on the interaction of clonazepam with pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid -Tb coordination polymer nanoparticles, which dynamically quenches the Tb³⁺ luminescence through a collisional mechanism, as confirmed by the linear Stern-Volmer plot and the increased quenching efficiency at higher temperatures. As the increase in response intensity is proportional to clonazepam concentration, a method was offered for its determination in EBC samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This method presented a linear relationship with clonazepam concentration in the range of 0.001-1.5 µg.mL^-1 with a limit of detection of 0.0002 µg.mL^-1 and the intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation of 1.8%, and 2.7%, respectively. The validated method was used for clonazepam analysis in patients receiving this medication. The recovery values, ranged from 90% to 104%, served as an indicator of the method's accuracy, and confirmed that the measured signal was attributable specifically to clonazepam with high reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By being faster, simpler, and cost-effective than traditional techniques, this method presented a valuable tool for therapeutic drug monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":48614,"journal":{"name":"Bioimpacts","volume":"16 ","pages":"33423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13310246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}