Cognitive Science最新文献_第7页

"Just-Right" Is (Not) Always Right: Joint Effects of Typicality and Informativity During Real-Time Sentence Processing. “刚对”（并非）总是对的：典型性和信息性在实时句子加工中的联合效应。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70217

Muxuan He, Elsi Kaiser

引用次数: 0

Shared Neural Computations for Syntactic and Morphological Structures: Evidence From Mandarin Chinese. 句法和形态结构的共享神经计算：来自普通话的证据。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70220

Xinchi Yu, Sebastián Mancha, Xing Tian, Ellen Lau

{"title":"Shared Neural Computations for Syntactic and Morphological Structures: Evidence From Mandarin Chinese.","authors":"Xinchi Yu, Sebastián Mancha, Xing Tian, Ellen Lau","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70220","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70220","url":null,"abstract":"Although psycho-/neuro-linguistics has assumed a distinction between morphological and syntactic structure building as in traditional theoretical linguistics, this distinction has been increasingly challenged by theoretical linguists in recent years. Opposing a sharp, lexicalist distinction between morphology and syntax, non-lexicalist theories propose common morpho-syntactic structure-building operations that cut across the realms of \"morphology\" and \"syntax,\" which are considered distinct territories in lexicalist theories. Taking advantage of two pairs of contrasts in Mandarin Chinese with desirable linguistic properties, namely, compound versus simplex nouns (the \"morphology\" contrast, differing in morphological structure complexity per lexicalist theories) and separable versus inseparable verbs (the \"syntax\" contrast, differing in syntactic structure complexity per lexicalist theories), we report one of the first pieces of evidence for shared neural responses for morphological and syntactic structure complexity in language comprehension, supporting a non-lexicalist view where shared neural computations are employed across morpho-syntactic structure building. Specifically, we observed that the two contrasts both modulated neural responses in left anterior and centro-parietal electrodes in an a priori 275:400 ms time window, corroborated by topographical similarity analyses. These results serve as preliminary yet prima facie evidence toward shared neural computations across morphological and syntactic structure building in language comprehension.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 5","pages":"e70220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13167000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147934703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Second-Language Learning Facilitates Non-Adjacent Dependency Learning: Effects Moderated by Specific Language. 第二语言学习促进非相邻依赖学习：特定语言调节的效果。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70221

Helen Shiyang Lu, Toben H Mintz

{"title":"Second-Language Learning Facilitates Non-Adjacent Dependency Learning: Effects Moderated by Specific Language.","authors":"Helen Shiyang Lu, Toben H Mintz","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70221","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70221","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical learning allows language learners to implicitly track regularities in input. Prior studies have suggested that second language (L2) learning affects statistical learning, but the nature of this relationship remains unclear. Does L2 learning broadly enhance sensitivity to statistical structure, selectively tune learners to patterns emphasized in the learned language, or both? We tested English-speaking adults enrolled in introductory Mandarin or Spanish courses, along with English monolingual controls, on two statistical learning tasks: a tonal word segmentation task and a non-adjacent dependency (NAD) learning task. Participants completed both tasks at the beginning of instruction and again after two academic terms. All groups performed above chance in the tonal task, but none showed significant improvement over time, including Mandarin learners. In contrast, only Spanish learners demonstrated increased sensitivity to NADs over time. These findings suggest that statistical learning is not uniformly boosted by L2 experience. Instead, L2 exposure may selectively tune learners' sensitivity to relational patterns that are emphasized in their linguistic experience. More broadly, the results highlight how the structure of linguistic experience can shape statistical learning mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 5","pages":"e70221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13170072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147934746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Statistical Learning on Stimulus Detection Speed Reflect Attention Rather Than Representational Changes. 统计学习对刺激检测速度的影响反映的是注意变化而非表征变化。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70226

Yoel Sheinenson, Tali Kleiman, Noam Siegelman

{"title":"Effects of Statistical Learning on Stimulus Detection Speed Reflect Attention Rather Than Representational Changes.","authors":"Yoel Sheinenson, Tali Kleiman, Noam Siegelman","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70226","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70226","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical learning (SL) is believed to enable humans to assimilate a range of statistical structures, and thus plays a role in many cognitive functions. There is also a growing interest in how SL interacts with basic cognitive processes, including perception and attention. Here, we ask how the extent to which stimuli predict, and are predicted by, other elements in a continuous stream affects their perception (i.e., encoding and representation) and the attention they attract. In two experiments, participants were first exposed to a stream of structured pairs of visual shapes (e.g., AB and CD). Then, they completed a target detection task to test if stimulus detection speed is influenced by a target's predictability during exposure (indexing representation) or by whether the shape preceding the target reliably predicted elements in the input (indexing attention). In Experiment 1 (N = 86), Reaction Times (RTs) were faster for second elements from structured pairs (i.e., cued elements) than first elements (i.e., cue elements), even when they appeared in new configurations (e.g., AD and CB). However, in Experiment 2 (N = 89), which orthogonally manipulated the target and the preceding shape properties, RTs were influenced solely by whether the preceding element was a cue for other elements, but not by the target's predictability. Thus, in contrast to previous studies using the same paradigm, our results do not provide evidence for an effect of SL on representation. Instead, our findings highlight how attention is guided by knowledge of statistical regularities, pointing to SL as a system that helps minimize uncertainty in structured environments.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 5","pages":"e70226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13180439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147965168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-EEG Reveals Adaptive Bilingual Language Control During Active and Observational Learning: Evidence From a Reinforcement Learning Model. 双脑电图揭示主动学习和观察学习中的自适应双语语言控制：来自强化学习模型的证据。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70223

Fanghui Ge, Yufeng Zhou, Xiyuan Wang, Yingyu Li, John W Schwieter, Huanhuan Liu

{"title":"Dual-EEG Reveals Adaptive Bilingual Language Control During Active and Observational Learning: Evidence From a Reinforcement Learning Model.","authors":"Fanghui Ge, Yufeng Zhou, Xiyuan Wang, Yingyu Li, John W Schwieter, Huanhuan Liu","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70223","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70223","url":null,"abstract":"Language control is a cognitive ability that bilinguals use to suppress interference from the language they are not currently using to accurately select and use the intended language. Adaptive language control underpins language switching and enables bilinguals to flexibly switch between languages according to context. Reinforcement learning, which models how individuals update their strategies based on reward prediction errors, provides a computational framework for studying adaptive behavior in changing environments. To investigate how bilingual language control is shaped by reward signals in social interactions, we used dual-electroencephalography (EEG) to measure the performance of bilinguals who alternated between active and observational learner roles in voluntary language switching tasks. Computational modeling results indicated that the dual-sensitivity model best captured behavior which showed that bilinguals adaptively updated values by assigning distinct weights to feedback from themselves and others. EEG analyses revealed that bilinguals relied on expected values during active learning and on prediction errors during observational learning to modulate delta band activity. Taken together, these findings reveal how rewards dynamically modulate language control through expected values and prediction errors, providing new evidence for the adaptability of bilingual control during social interaction.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 5","pages":"e70223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147976448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Asymmetric Shape Variability Biases Proportion Judgments With Icon Arrays. 不对称形状可变性偏差比例判断与图标数组。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70227

Douglas B Markant

{"title":"Asymmetric Shape Variability Biases Proportion Judgments With Icon Arrays.","authors":"Douglas B Markant","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70227","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70227","url":null,"abstract":"Icon arrays are graphical displays in which a subset of shapes are filled to represent the probability of an outcome (e.g., the probability of side-effects from a medical treatment). Prior work has shown that the perceptions of probabilities can be more accurate with icon arrays compared to other formats. As a result, they are now widely used to communicate information about risk and uncertainty to the general public. However, little is known about how the design of icon arrays-in particular, the perceptual characteristics of icons and their spatial arrangement-affect perceptions of risk. The present study builds on research on visual perception which suggests that variation in icon shape may affect their perceived numerosity. Three experiments were conducted using a proportion judgment task with icon arrays that varied in (a) whether icons were organized in grouped or random configurations, and (b) whether there was variability in the icon shapes used to represent the target and nontarget proportions. The results show that proportion judgments are highly accurate for grouped arrays, with no effect of shape variability regardless of the distribution of shapes across the target and nontarget categories. For random spatial arrangements, however, irrelevant shape variability in one (but not both) of the categories leads to biased proportion judgments, increasing the perceived quantity of whichever category has elements with the same shape. These findings show that perceptual variation in shape-while irrelevant to the proportion judgment task-can alter how people perceive quantities depicted by icon arrays, providing new insight into how these visualizations should be designed to communicate information about risk.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 5","pages":"e70227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148018353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ASL Proficiency Predicts Advanced Visual-Spatial Processing Independent of Age of Acquisition. 美国手语熟练程度预测高级视觉空间加工与习得年龄无关。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70216

Melody F Schwenk, Lorna C Quandt

{"title":"ASL Proficiency Predicts Advanced Visual-Spatial Processing Independent of Age of Acquisition.","authors":"Melody F Schwenk, Lorna C Quandt","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70216","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70216","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the cognitive effects of American Sign Language (ASL) proficiency in visual-spatial reasoning, challenging interpretations of the traditional critical period hypothesis that early language acquisition primarily predicts cognitive outcomes across domains. We analyzed behavioral tasks in 40 participants with varying levels of ASL fluency and age of acquisition (AoA) using cluster analysis. We assessed participants using the Vandenberg-Kuse Mental Rotation Test (VKMRT), a block design (BD) task, and the ASL Comprehension Test (ASLCT). Our results show that ASL proficiency, not early AoA, best predicts performance on visual-spatial tasks, suggesting that sustained engagement with ASL may be associated with enhanced visual-spatial reasoning. Regression analyses showed that ASLCT scores significantly predicted block design scaled score (b = 0.19, p < .05), while AoA did not contribute significant variance (∆R2 = .007, p > .05). Complementary cluster analyses identified distinct cognitive profiles, confirming that high-performing subgroups were differentiated by proficiency rather than early acquisition. These findings support embodied cognition and experience-dependent neuroplasticity accounts of language-cognition relationships, while remaining consistent with evidence that critical period effects may differentially constrain core language acquisition more than related cognitive domains. We discuss implications for culturally and linguistically appropriate cognitive assessment practices for deaf and hard-of-hearing populations and provide recommendations for future studies.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 5","pages":"e70216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13251880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147934767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 2.4 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-04-30

引用次数: 0

IF 2.4 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-04-30

引用次数: 0

Cloze, Frequency, Surprisal, or Plausibility? A Comparative Analysis of Predictors for Local Ambiguity Resolution 完形填空，频率，惊喜还是似是而非？局部歧义解决预测因子的比较分析。

IF 2.4 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70208

Markéta Ceháková, Jan Chromý

{"title":"Cloze, Frequency, Surprisal, or Plausibility? A Comparative Analysis of Predictors for Local Ambiguity Resolution","authors":"Markéta Ceháková, Jan Chromý","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70208","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70208","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the cognitive mechanisms underlying the processing of garden-path sentences by examining the influence of verb/structural bias, cloze probability, surprisal, and plausibility. Using self-paced reading with yes/no comprehension questions, we analyzed a structurally diverse set of 11 types of ambiguous and unambiguous sentences. Our results revealed that cloze probability was the most robust predictor of processing difficulty, significantly influencing both reaction times and response accuracy. Specifically, the likelihood of a misanalysis, as indexed by cloze scores, predicted the persistence of incorrect interpretations and reanalysis difficulty. In contrast, verb bias, surprisal, and plausibility exerted weaker or inconsistent effects, with only plausibility showing a limited interaction in the accuracy data. These findings suggest that comprehenders rely heavily on contextual cues when interpreting syntactically ambiguous input, and that reanalysis success depends not solely on structural preferences or lexical predictability but on the overall likelihood of the initial misanalysis and of the intended interpretation.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0