Cognitive Science最新文献_第7页

Mark the Unexpected! Animacy Preference and Directed Movement in Visual Language 标记意外！视觉语言中的动物偏好与定向运动

IF 2.3 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70067

Ana Krajinović, Irmak Hacımusaoğlu, Neil Cohn

{"title":"Mark the Unexpected! Animacy Preference and Directed Movement in Visual Language","authors":"Ana Krajinović, Irmak Hacımusaoğlu, Neil Cohn","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70067","url":null,"abstract":"A preference for animate entities over inanimate entities is commonly found in perception and language. In our corpus study based on a cross-cultural set of 331 comics from 81 countries, we asked whether animacy preference plays a role in the morphological marking of motion in the visual language(s) used in comics. We were interested in whether animates or inanimates are more or less marked (i.e., use pictorial cues to signal motion) when compared to each other, similarly to differential marking modulated by animacy in grammars of many languages. We considered the animacy preference as the expectation that animates are moving in a directed way, while inanimates are not. We focused on motion lines (i.e., lines trailing behind a moving object) and circumfixing lines (i.e., lines surrounding a moving object) that indicate motion in comics, which are visual morphological markings that differ in their directedness: Motion lines are directional, while circumfixing lines are not. We found that inanimates are more marked by motion lines than animates in our data, while there is no difference between the two groups regarding circumfixing lines. These results persist across all global regions and styles of comics. Thus, similarly to spoken languages, visual morphology obeys what we call the mark the unexpected! principle, defined in the context of surprisal minimization: Inanimates need to be marked in order to signal that they are moving in a directed way, which is otherwise unexpected and of high surprisal. Animates are comparatively marked less because their directed movements are already expected and of low surprisal. As this principle persists across modalities and their diverse expressive systems, mark the unexpected! is a strong candidate for a cognitive universal.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"49 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cogs.70067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discovering Dynamical Laws for Speech Gestures 发现语音手势的动态规律

IF 2.3 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70064

Sam Kirkham

{"title":"Discovering Dynamical Laws for Speech Gestures","authors":"Sam Kirkham","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70064","url":null,"abstract":"A fundamental challenge in the cognitive sciences is discovering the dynamics that govern behavior. Take the example of spoken language, which is characterized by a highly variable and complex set of physical movements that map onto the small set of cognitive units that comprise language. What are the fundamental dynamical principles behind the movements that structure speech production? In this study, we discover models in the form of symbolic equations that govern articulatory gestures during speech. A sparse symbolic regression algorithm is used to discover models from kinematic data on the tongue and lips. We explore these candidate models using analytical techniques and numerical simulations and find that a second-order linear model achieves high levels of accuracy, but a nonlinear force is required to properly model articulatory dynamics in approximately one third of cases. This supports the proposal that an autonomous, nonlinear, second-order differential equation is a viable dynamical law for articulatory gestures in speech. We conclude by identifying future opportunities and obstacles in data-driven model discovery and outline prospects for discovering the dynamical principles that govern language, brain, and behavior.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"49 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cogs.70064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Computational Framework to Study Hierarchical Processing in Visual Narratives 一个研究视觉叙事中层次处理的计算框架

IF 2.3 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70050

Aditya Upadhyayula, Neil Cohn

{"title":"A Computational Framework to Study Hierarchical Processing in Visual Narratives","authors":"Aditya Upadhyayula, Neil Cohn","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70050","url":null,"abstract":"Theories of visual narrative comprehension have advocated for a hierarchical grammar-based comprehension mechanism, but only limited work has investigated this hierarchy. Here, we provide a computational framework inspired by computational psycholinguistics to address hierarchy in visual narratives. The predictions generated by this framework were compared against behavior data to draw inferences about the hierarchical properties of visual narratives. A segmentation task—where participants ranked all possible segmental boundaries—demonstrated that participants’ preferences were predicted by visual narrative grammar. Three kinds of models using surprisal theory—an Earley parser, a hidden Markov model (HMM), and an n-gram model—were then used to generate segmentation preferences for the same task. Earley parser's preferences were based on a hierarchical grammar with recursion properties, while the HMM and the n-grams used a flattened grammar for visual narrative comprehension. Given the differences in the mechanics of these models, contrasting their predictions against behavior data could provide crucial insights into understanding the underlying mechanisms of visual narrative comprehension. By investigating grammatical systems outside of language, this research provides new directions to explore the generic makeup of the cognitive structure of mental representations.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"49 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cogs.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Least Effort and Alignment in Task-Oriented Communication 任务导向沟通中的最小努力与一致性

IF 2.3 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70062

Polyphony Bruna, Christopher Kello

{"title":"Least Effort and Alignment in Task-Oriented Communication","authors":"Polyphony Bruna, Christopher Kello","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70062","url":null,"abstract":"Conversational partners align the meanings of their words over the course of interaction to coordinate and communicate. One process of alignment is lexical entrainment, whereby partners mirror and abbreviate their word usage to converge on shared terms for referents relevant to the conversation. However, lexical entrainment may result in inefficient mimicry that does not add new information, suggesting that task-oriented communication may favor alignment through other means. The present study investigates the process of alignment in Danish conversations in which dyads learned to categorize unfamiliar “aliens” using trial-and-error feedback. Performance improved as dyad communication became less verbose, measured as a decrease in the entropy of word usage. Word usage also diverged between partners as measured by Jensen−Shannon Divergence, which indicates that alignment was not achieved through lexical entrainment. A computational model of dyadic communication is shown to account for the alien game results in terms of joint least effort. The model shows that alignment of partner referents can increase as a result of minimizing both the joint entropy of dyadic word usage and the conditional entropy of individual referents given the joint signal distribution. We conclude that the principle of least effort, originally proposed to shape language evolution, may also support alignment in task-oriented communication.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to "Cognitive science from the perspective of linguistic diversity" 对 "从语言多样性的角度看认知科学 "的更正

IF 2.3 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70063

引用次数: 0

Losing Phonotactic Distinctions in Context 在语境中失去音素分辨能力

IF 2.3 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70059

John R. Starr, Marten van Schijndel

引用次数: 0

Social Network Structure Shapes the Formation of True and False Memories at the Collective Level 社会网络结构在集体层面上塑造了真假记忆的形成

IF 2.3 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70060

Tania Valle, Annamaria Krizovenska, Josué García-Arch, Maria Teresa Bajo, Lluís Fuentemilla

引用次数: 0

A Simple Explanation for Harmonic Word Order 谐音词序的简单解释

IF 2.3 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70056

John Mansfield, Lothar Sebastian Krapp

{"title":"A Simple Explanation for Harmonic Word Order","authors":"John Mansfield, Lothar Sebastian Krapp","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70056","url":null,"abstract":"Harmonic word order is a well-established tendency in natural languages, which has previously been explained as a single ordering rule for all head-dependent relations. We propose that it can be more parsimoniously explained as an outcome of word-class frequencies, where the purported “head” is the most frequently instantiated word class in a phrasal schema. We show that the most frequent class gravitates spontaneously to an edge position in a phrasal replication process, as long as words of one class may influence the position of words of another class. This avoids the need to posit head-dependent ordering as an innate rule or bias, simplifying our theory of word order. We demonstrate the spontaneous emergence of harmony from word-class frequencies using a simple computational model of phrasal replication, and in further extensions show that the principle remains robust with fuzzy word classes and multiword chunks, can capture competition between harmony and locality, and is compatible with the results of behavioral experiments on harmonic ordering. Our findings support further exploration of syntactic models with nondiscrete word classes.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cogs.70056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Sustained Attention Paradox: A Critical Commentary on the Theoretical Impossibility of Perfect Vigilance 持续注意悖论：对完全警惕理论不可能性的批判

IF 2.3 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70061

Benjamin T. Sharpe, Ian Tyndall

{"title":"The Sustained Attention Paradox: A Critical Commentary on the Theoretical Impossibility of Perfect Vigilance","authors":"Benjamin T. Sharpe, Ian Tyndall","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70061","url":null,"abstract":"The human capacity for sustained attention represents a critical cognitive paradox: while essential for numerous high-stakes tasks, perfect vigilance is fundamentally impossible. This commentary explores the theoretical impossibility of maintaining uninterrupted attention, drawing from extensive interdisciplinary research in cognitive science, neuroscience, and psychology. Multiple converging lines of evidence demonstrate that sustained attention is constrained by neural, biological, and cognitive limitations. Neural mechanisms reveal that attention operates through rhythmic oscillations, with inherent fluctuations in frontoparietal networks and default mode network interactions. Neurochemical systems and cellular adaptation effects further underscore the impossibility of continuous, perfect vigilance. Empirical research across domains—including aviation, healthcare, industrial safety, and security—consistently demonstrates rapid declines in attention performance over time, regardless of individual expertise or motivation. Even elite performers like military personnel and experienced meditators exhibit inevitable attention lapses. This paper presents an argument against traditional approaches that seek to overcome these limitations through training or willpower. Instead, it advocates for designing human–technology systems that work harmoniously with cognitive constraints. This requires developing adaptive automation, understanding individual and cultural attention variations, and creating frameworks that strategically balance human capabilities with technological support.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cogs.70061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Playing With Language in the Manual Modality: Which Motions Do Signers Gradiently Modify? 在手工调式中玩语言：手语者会逐渐修改哪些动作？

IF 2.3 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70051

Casey Ferrara, Jenny C. Lu, Susan Goldin-Meadow

{"title":"Playing With Language in the Manual Modality: Which Motions Do Signers Gradiently Modify?","authors":"Casey Ferrara, Jenny C. Lu, Susan Goldin-Meadow","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70051","url":null,"abstract":"Language is traditionally characterized as an arbitrary, symbolic system, made up of discrete, categorical forms. But iconicity and gradience are pervasive in communication. For example, in spoken languages, word forms can be “played with” in iconic gradient ways by varying vowel length, pitch, or speed (e.g., “It's been a loooooooong day”). However, little is known about this process in sign languages. Here, we (1) explore gradient modification in three dimensions of motion in American Sign Language (ASL), and (2) ask whether the three dimensions are equally likely to be modified. We asked deaf signers of ASL (n = 11, mean age = 49.3) to describe an event manipulated along speed, direction, or path, and observed their use of gradient modification in lexical and depicting signs. We found that signers alter the forms of both types of signs to enhance meaning. However, the three motion dimensions were not modified equally in lexical signs, suggesting constraints on gradient modification. These constraints may be linguistic in nature, found only in signers. Alternatively, the constraints could reflect difficulties in using the hands to convey particular modifications and, if so, should be found in speakers as well as signers.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cogs.70051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0