Cognitive Science最新文献_第6页

IF 2.4 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-13

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IF 2.4 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-12

引用次数: 0

IF 2.4 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-12

引用次数: 0

Entropy's Dilemma: Facilitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Information Entropy During Language Processing. 熵的困境：信息熵在语言加工中的促进与抑制作用。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70218

Hossein Karimi, Jaden Zinn, Haomiao Li

{"title":"Entropy's Dilemma: Facilitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Information Entropy During Language Processing.","authors":"Hossein Karimi, Jaden Zinn, Haomiao Li","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70218","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70218","url":null,"abstract":"During language processing, context usually prompts predictions over multiple words, not a single word. We examined how the distribution of multiple plausible words following a context, that is, conditional entropy, influences lexical processing. Greater conditional entropy simultaneously corresponds to activation of more semantic features, which should facilitate processing, and activation of more lexical competitors, which should inhibit processing. Participants (N = 58) completed two experimental sessions 14-21 days apart. In session 1, they produced up to eight completions for sentence fragments (N = 648), missing a final, target word (e.g., banana) along with probability values for each response. In session 2, they read the same sentences, including the target word, while their eye movements were tracked. We computed conditional entropy at the trial level (i.e., for each participant, for each sentence). To tease apart the semantic feature activation and lexical competition components of conditional entropy, we calculated total semantic overlap; the sum of semantic similarity values between target words and the responses produced during sentence completion (e.g., mango, orange, coconut, etc.). The remainder of conditional entropy would then capture lexical entropy corresponding to lexical competition. The results revealed that semantic overlap facilitated lexical processing, but lexical entropy inhibited it. A reanalysis of an independent self-paced reading dataset (N participants = 111, N items = 647) revealed the same pattern. These results suggest that conditional entropy should be decomposed to semantic activation and lexical competition, corresponding to facilitation and inhibition during language processing, respectively. Implications for predictive processing views of language processing and large language models are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 5","pages":"e70218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147934736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reframing Statistical Learning Through Natural Language Paradigms. 通过自然语言范式重构统计学习。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70225

Chloë R Marshall, Marianne Gullberg

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Syntactic and Prosodic Phrasal Alignment in Naturalistic Language. 自然主义语言中的句法和韵律短语对齐。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70224

Julie Bannon, Barbora Hlachova, Fernanda Ferreira

{"title":"Syntactic and Prosodic Phrasal Alignment in Naturalistic Language.","authors":"Julie Bannon, Barbora Hlachova, Fernanda Ferreira","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70224","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70224","url":null,"abstract":"Prosody is an intrinsic element of language production, linking together multiple levels of linguistic representation to shape both the structure and interpretation of utterances. However, common theories of prosodic phrasing in spoken language often fail to capture factors associated with planning and recovery, as well as performance-based effects related to working memory. Much of what we know about prosody, whether it be the features speakers are thought to generate or the ones listeners are believed to process, is based on forms that are atypical in spoken language. Recent developments in data analysis methods, however, allow for the efficient study of unrehearsed spoken language. The current work aims to develop more ecologically valid theories of prosody and its relationship to syntactic structure through the analysis of unrehearsed scene descriptions. Data from unrehearsed speech collected across four different studies showed only a weak to moderate relationship between prosodic phrasing and syntactic structure, such that the likelihood of a prosodic phrase boundary occurring at the end of a syntactic phrase was only slightly above chance. Additionally, correlations between occurrences of prosodic phrase boundaries and speech rate revealed that individuals who speak more slowly are likely to insert more prosodic phrase boundaries, indicating a relationship between prosodic phrasing and speech planning. The findings challenge some categorical approaches to prosody and suggest that prosodic phrasing may be a consequence of planning and recovery in language production, rather than a complement to syntactic phrasing. These results have implications for theories of language production and comprehension, formal theories of phonological structure, and computational tools for generating and interpreting language.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 5","pages":"e70224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13180438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147965197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Just-Right" Is (Not) Always Right: Joint Effects of Typicality and Informativity During Real-Time Sentence Processing. “刚对”（并非）总是对的：典型性和信息性在实时句子加工中的联合效应。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70217

Muxuan He, Elsi Kaiser

引用次数: 0

Shared Neural Computations for Syntactic and Morphological Structures: Evidence From Mandarin Chinese. 句法和形态结构的共享神经计算：来自普通话的证据。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70220

Xinchi Yu, Sebastián Mancha, Xing Tian, Ellen Lau

{"title":"Shared Neural Computations for Syntactic and Morphological Structures: Evidence From Mandarin Chinese.","authors":"Xinchi Yu, Sebastián Mancha, Xing Tian, Ellen Lau","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70220","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70220","url":null,"abstract":"Although psycho-/neuro-linguistics has assumed a distinction between morphological and syntactic structure building as in traditional theoretical linguistics, this distinction has been increasingly challenged by theoretical linguists in recent years. Opposing a sharp, lexicalist distinction between morphology and syntax, non-lexicalist theories propose common morpho-syntactic structure-building operations that cut across the realms of \"morphology\" and \"syntax,\" which are considered distinct territories in lexicalist theories. Taking advantage of two pairs of contrasts in Mandarin Chinese with desirable linguistic properties, namely, compound versus simplex nouns (the \"morphology\" contrast, differing in morphological structure complexity per lexicalist theories) and separable versus inseparable verbs (the \"syntax\" contrast, differing in syntactic structure complexity per lexicalist theories), we report one of the first pieces of evidence for shared neural responses for morphological and syntactic structure complexity in language comprehension, supporting a non-lexicalist view where shared neural computations are employed across morpho-syntactic structure building. Specifically, we observed that the two contrasts both modulated neural responses in left anterior and centro-parietal electrodes in an a priori 275:400 ms time window, corroborated by topographical similarity analyses. These results serve as preliminary yet prima facie evidence toward shared neural computations across morphological and syntactic structure building in language comprehension.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 5","pages":"e70220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13167000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147934703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Second-Language Learning Facilitates Non-Adjacent Dependency Learning: Effects Moderated by Specific Language. 第二语言学习促进非相邻依赖学习：特定语言调节的效果。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70221

Helen Shiyang Lu, Toben H Mintz

{"title":"Second-Language Learning Facilitates Non-Adjacent Dependency Learning: Effects Moderated by Specific Language.","authors":"Helen Shiyang Lu, Toben H Mintz","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70221","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70221","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical learning allows language learners to implicitly track regularities in input. Prior studies have suggested that second language (L2) learning affects statistical learning, but the nature of this relationship remains unclear. Does L2 learning broadly enhance sensitivity to statistical structure, selectively tune learners to patterns emphasized in the learned language, or both? We tested English-speaking adults enrolled in introductory Mandarin or Spanish courses, along with English monolingual controls, on two statistical learning tasks: a tonal word segmentation task and a non-adjacent dependency (NAD) learning task. Participants completed both tasks at the beginning of instruction and again after two academic terms. All groups performed above chance in the tonal task, but none showed significant improvement over time, including Mandarin learners. In contrast, only Spanish learners demonstrated increased sensitivity to NADs over time. These findings suggest that statistical learning is not uniformly boosted by L2 experience. Instead, L2 exposure may selectively tune learners' sensitivity to relational patterns that are emphasized in their linguistic experience. More broadly, the results highlight how the structure of linguistic experience can shape statistical learning mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 5","pages":"e70221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13170072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147934746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Statistical Learning on Stimulus Detection Speed Reflect Attention Rather Than Representational Changes. 统计学习对刺激检测速度的影响反映的是注意变化而非表征变化。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70226

Yoel Sheinenson, Tali Kleiman, Noam Siegelman

{"title":"Effects of Statistical Learning on Stimulus Detection Speed Reflect Attention Rather Than Representational Changes.","authors":"Yoel Sheinenson, Tali Kleiman, Noam Siegelman","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70226","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70226","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical learning (SL) is believed to enable humans to assimilate a range of statistical structures, and thus plays a role in many cognitive functions. There is also a growing interest in how SL interacts with basic cognitive processes, including perception and attention. Here, we ask how the extent to which stimuli predict, and are predicted by, other elements in a continuous stream affects their perception (i.e., encoding and representation) and the attention they attract. In two experiments, participants were first exposed to a stream of structured pairs of visual shapes (e.g., AB and CD). Then, they completed a target detection task to test if stimulus detection speed is influenced by a target's predictability during exposure (indexing representation) or by whether the shape preceding the target reliably predicted elements in the input (indexing attention). In Experiment 1 (N = 86), Reaction Times (RTs) were faster for second elements from structured pairs (i.e., cued elements) than first elements (i.e., cue elements), even when they appeared in new configurations (e.g., AD and CB). However, in Experiment 2 (N = 89), which orthogonally manipulated the target and the preceding shape properties, RTs were influenced solely by whether the preceding element was a cue for other elements, but not by the target's predictability. Thus, in contrast to previous studies using the same paradigm, our results do not provide evidence for an effect of SL on representation. Instead, our findings highlight how attention is guided by knowledge of statistical regularities, pointing to SL as a system that helps minimize uncertainty in structured environments.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 5","pages":"e70226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13180439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147965168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0