Cognitive Science最新文献

More Evidence for the Standard Account of Theory of Mind Development: A Reply to Fabricius (2026) 心智发展理论标准解释的更多证据：对法布里修斯的回复（2026）

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-10-07 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70270

Hannes Rakoczy, Lydia Schidelko

引用次数: 0

Factors Influencing the Emergence of Dependency Length Minimization in Neural Agent Simulations 影响神经智能体仿真中依赖长度最小化出现的因素

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-10-07 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70269

Yuqing Zhang, Tessa Verhoef, Gertjan van Noord, Arianna Bisazza

{"title":"Factors Influencing the Emergence of Dependency Length Minimization in Neural Agent Simulations","authors":"Yuqing Zhang, Tessa Verhoef, Gertjan van Noord, Arianna Bisazza","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70269","url":null,"abstract":"Given various grammatical options, language users prefer the word order choice that reduces the overall length of syntactic dependencies, a principle known as dependency length minimization (DLM). The origins of this preference remain an open question, particularly whether it originates from constraints on efficient information processing. Computational simulations provide a powerful approach to identifying the factors influencing the emergence of linguistic phenomena. However, previous simulations of DLM have not examined realistic interaction contexts and have produced mixed results. The present study investigates the emergence of DLM in artificial languages using a recently proposed language learning and communication framework based on recurrent neural networks. In this framework, agents are trained to speak and interpret artificial languages and then use these languages to communicate. Using this framework, we study the impact of several factors related to processing limitations in a communicative setting, such as noise during listening, limited speaker capacity, and incremental sentence processing. Our results reveal a complex interplay among these factors in shaping word order preferences in neural agents. Specifically, in the full meaning space, agents regularize toward a single dominant word order, while in the half meaning space, they show a short-before-long preference that only aligns with DLM in verb-initial languages. A consistent DLM preference emerges only when agents are subject to incremental processing pressure. These results suggest that limitations in human cognitive processing may indeed play a role in shaping DLM. Our findings provide insights into the conditions under which neural models replicate human-like preferences for minimizing syntactic dependency distances and highlight the challenges of designing emergent communication models that capture human cognitive biases in language processing.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cogs.70269","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Double Negation Without Double Effort: ERP Evidence From Mandarin Chinese 没有双重努力的双重否定：来自普通话的ERP证据

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-10-07 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70272

Xiaodong Xu, Zichen Lin

{"title":"Double Negation Without Double Effort: ERP Evidence From Mandarin Chinese","authors":"Xiaodong Xu, Zichen Lin","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70272","url":null,"abstract":"Accounts of negation processing, including two-step simulation, pragmatic, and monotonicity-based accounts, differ in their predictions about whether double negation requires additional cognitive effort relative to affirmation. Using event-related potentials, we investigated a Mandarin Chinese double-negation structure (“méiyǒu X bù Y”) that is logically equivalent to its affirmative counterpart (“suǒyǒu X dōu Y”). Forty native speakers read context sentences (double negation vs. affirmation) followed by critical sentences containing semantically congruent or incongruent target words. Crucially, the target word appeared in a separate sentence, downstream from the negation operators; the design, therefore, tests whether a pragmatically licensed double negation establishes a discourse representation functionally equivalent to affirmation at the point of propositional evaluation. At the critical word, incongruent words elicited larger N400/P600 amplitudes, and these congruency effects did not differ between contexts, indicating equivalent representations and no detectable downstream cost. Post-critical analyses, however, revealed context-specific differences: the affirmation context showed a prolonged negativity to incongruency—plausibly reflecting sustained engagement with its more salient violation—whereas the double negation context did not. A representational similarity analysis (RSA) further showed greater neural tracking of incongruency magnitude in the double negation context at a later window (726–798 ms). Together, these findings indicate that a pragmatically licensed double negation supports downstream semantic integration as efficiently as affirmation, while later processing remains context-sensitive. Because this early equivalence is also consistent with a monotonicity-based account, we frame the early-equivalence/late-divergence pattern as a tentative dual-stage characterization to be tested in future work, rather than a decisive adjudication between theories.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Network Structure on the Spread of Linguistic Behavior 网络结构对语言行为传播的影响

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70268

Kerime Eylul Eski, Luca Onnis

{"title":"Effect of Network Structure on the Spread of Linguistic Behavior","authors":"Kerime Eylul Eski, Luca Onnis","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70268","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical and computational models predict that social-network topology shapes the diffusion of linguistic forms, yet direct experimental evidence remains limited. Across three laboratory experiments, we tested whether network structure or seed placement influences the spread of target lexical items, while holding task demands constant. Experiment 1 compared clustered (high-transitivity) and random (low-transitivity) 12-node networks (N = 120). Experiment 2 extended this design to larger 24-node networks (N = 240). Experiment 3 provided an exploratory follow-up on seed placement within clustered networks, seeding either a dense local cluster or evenly spaced nodes (N = 120). In each study, participants engaged in dyadic problem-solving and image-description tasks while confederates covertly introduced target lexical items (e.g., antennae) to initiate diffusion. Lexical adoption was measured as the proportion of naming choices containing the target words, and lexical diversity was indexed using type–token ratio (TTR) across interaction rounds. Across all conditions, TTR declined linearly over time, indicating convergence on previously produced lexical items. Mixed effects logistic regression revealed no reliable differences in adoption between clustered and random network topologies or between seed-placement conditions. Together, these results suggest that, under the present conditions, lexical diffusion in small networks engaged in dyadic problem-solving is largely insensitive to global network structure or seed configuration. The findings identify boundary conditions on network effects in lexical alignment and highlight the need for richer interactional contexts and larger-scale networks in future experimental work.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

One, Two, Three, Four… What's More? Successor Relations, not Mappings to Approximate Magnitudes, Support Learning the Later-Greater Principle 一，二，三，四……还有什么？后继关系，而不是近似数量级的映射，支持学习后继大原则

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70267

Urvi Maheshwari, David Barner

引用次数: 0

Implicit Nature of Visual Statistical Learning: The Importance of Participants’ Goals and Experimental Paradigm 视觉统计学习的内隐性质：参与者目标与实验范式的重要性。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-09-16 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70263

Anton Rogachev, Tatiana Logvinenko, Anna Rebreikina, Olga Sysoeva

引用次数: 0

The Role of Space and Body in Referent Distinction Strategies: A Cross-Cultural Comparison 空间和身体在指称区分策略中的作用：跨文化比较。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-09-16 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70260

Danielle Naegeli, David Peeters, Emiel Krahmer, Connie de Vos, Yasamin Motamedi, Made Sri Satyawati, Marieke Schouwstra

{"title":"The Role of Space and Body in Referent Distinction Strategies: A Cross-Cultural Comparison","authors":"Danielle Naegeli, David Peeters, Emiel Krahmer, Connie de Vos, Yasamin Motamedi, Made Sri Satyawati, Marieke Schouwstra","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70260","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70260","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of linguistic structure is shaped by interaction and cultural transmission as well as cognitive biases and social conventions. An important aspect of linguistic structure is reference distinction or “who did what to whom.” This paper explores how cross-cultural differences in the conceptualization of space may influence the development of strategies for referent distinction in this domain. We conducted a silent gesture experiment employing dyadic interaction and iterated learning with participants from two cultural groups that differ in their predominant conceptualization of space: Balinese and Dutch. Focusing on silent gestures produced by hearing participants naïve to sign languages, we examined the effect of culturally embedded biases on the use of space and body, the resources of manual communication. Our findings reveal the emergence of various strategies that are equally successful but differ in their use of space and body. While the Dutch participants developed multiple different strategy types, the Balinese largely followed one strategy type. Crucially, they did not employ an abstract or grammaticalized conception of space. We argue that, rather than reflecting a developmental shift, this pattern stems from the geocentric conceptualization predominant in Balinese culture that inhibits grammatical use of space and favors alternative strategies, such as capitalizing on the iconic affordances of the body to represent grammatical relationships. Our findings thus provide evidence for how cultural conventions such as the conceptualization of space can influence the evolution of linguistic structure.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13580310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Large Language Models Persuade Without Planning Theory of Mind 大型语言模型说服没有计划的思想理论。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-09-16 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70259

Jared Moore, Rasmus Overmark, Ned Cooper, Beba Cibralic, Nick Haber, Cameron R. Jones

{"title":"Large Language Models Persuade Without Planning Theory of Mind","authors":"Jared Moore, Rasmus Overmark, Ned Cooper, Beba Cibralic, Nick Haber, Cameron R. Jones","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70259","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70259","url":null,"abstract":"A growing body of work attempts to evaluate the theory of mind (ToM) abilities of humans and large language models (LLMs) using static, noninteractive question-and-answer benchmarks. However, theoretical work in the field suggests that first-personal interaction is a crucial part of ToM and that such predictive, spectatorial tasks may fail to evaluate it. We address this gap with a novel ToM task that requires an agent to persuade a target to choose one of three policy proposals by strategically revealing information. Success depends on a persuader's sensitivity to a given target's knowledge states (what the target knows about the policies) and motivational states (how much the target values different outcomes). We varied whether these states were Revealed to persuaders or Hidden, in which case persuaders had to inquire about or infer them. In Experiment 1, participants persuaded a bot programmed to make only rational inferences. OpenAI's reasoning model o3 excelled in the Revealed condition but performed no better than chance in the Hidden condition, suggesting difficulty with the multistep planning required to elicit and use mental state information. Humans performed moderately well in both conditions, indicating an ability to engage such planning. In Experiment 2, where a human target role-played the bot, and in Experiment 3, where we measured whether human targets' real beliefs changed, o3 outperformed human persuaders, significantly so in the Revealed conditions. These results suggest that effective persuasion can occur without explicit ToM reasoning (e.g., through rhetorical strategies) and that o3 excels at this form of persuasion. Overall, our results caution against attributing human-like PToM to LLMs based on predictive, spectatorial benchmarks while highlighting their potential to influence people's beliefs and behavior.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Learning and Using Different Task Rule Updating Strategies Require Extensive Practice 学习和使用不同的任务规则更新策略需要大量的练习。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70262

Shengjie Xu, Tanya Wen, Tobias Egner, Tom Verguts, Senne Braem

{"title":"Learning and Using Different Task Rule Updating Strategies Require Extensive Practice","authors":"Shengjie Xu, Tanya Wen, Tobias Egner, Tom Verguts, Senne Braem","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70262","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70262","url":null,"abstract":"People adjust how fast they update task rules, depending on the volatility of their environment, by regulating cognitive control accordingly. We investigated whether this adaptation is primarily driven by recently experienced volatility in task demands, or can also be shaped by learned environmental knowledge indicating expected levels of volatility. To this end, we trained participants on a Wisconsin Card Sorting Test task where different environments required different speeds of task rule updating. We demonstrate that, initially, participants adopted task rule updating strategies depending on the most recently experienced levels of volatility and feedback (Experiment 1). However, after extensive (4 days) training (Experiment 2), participants updated task rules using strategies based on developed environmental knowledge. We also show how participants fine-tuned their task rule updating strategies over learning. In sum, our findings provide important insights into how humans update task rules using different strategies and highlight the importance of multiday training in developing environmental knowledge for the regulation of cognitive control.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148971643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Limits of Repetition in the Illusion of Consensus 共识幻觉中重复的极限。

IF 2.5 2区心理学

Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.70266

Saoirse Connor Desai, Manikya Alister, Keith Ransom, Jemma Martin, Laura Angles, Andrew Perfors, Brett K. Hayes

{"title":"The Limits of Repetition in the Illusion of Consensus","authors":"Saoirse Connor Desai, Manikya Alister, Keith Ransom, Jemma Martin, Laura Angles, Andrew Perfors, Brett K. Hayes","doi":"10.1111/cogs.70266","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cogs.70266","url":null,"abstract":"Humans rely on social agreement to assess the credibility of information, but an illusion of consensus can arise through repeated exposure to the same source (dependent consensus), which can make people overestimate credibility. The current work investigated the limits of this illusion across multiple exposures to claims based on either an independent or dependent consensus. In two studies (N = 1015), participants rated their belief in a claim after exposure to an increasing number of consensual claims within a mock social media environment. Initially, when exposed to only a small number of claims, people were equally persuaded by dependent and independent consensus, but independent consensus had a greater impact on beliefs as exposures accumulated. Bayesian nonlinear modeling showed that independent consensus led to a higher asymptotic level of belief and more rapid belief revision than dependent consensus. These effects were robust over variations in claim valence (Experiment 1) and topic (Experiment 2) and were further supported by the free-text justifications participants provided. Our findings show that the illusion of consensus may be less of a concern than previous research suggested, at least in environments where a high amount of repeated exposure to the same claim is common. They also provide some evidence for a novel mechanism contributing to belief in repeated claims, namely, that repetition of such claims by a secondary source is perceived as a proxy for claim credibility.","PeriodicalId":48349,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Science","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148971627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0