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Susceptibility to cancer misinformation: Predictors of false belief and false memory formation 癌症误导的易感性：错误信念和错误记忆形成的预测因素
IF 2.4 3区 心理学
Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4184
Nora King, Ciara M. Greene
{"title":"Susceptibility to cancer misinformation: Predictors of false belief and false memory formation","authors":"Nora King,&nbsp;Ciara M. Greene","doi":"10.1002/acp.4184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4184","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous research has shown that people sometimes come to believe in misinformation presented in the form of fake news, and even form false memories for the fabricated events described. This study aimed to investigate the effects of analytical reasoning, attitudes to complementary and alternative medicine, bullshit receptivity, and previous experience with cancer on the formation of false memory and false belief for cancer related misinformation. Participants (<i>N</i> = 466) were exposed to four fake news stories and four true news stories relating to cancer treatment and services. Male gender, low analytical reasoning, receptivity to bullshit, and endorsement of complementary and alternative medicine were all significant predictors of belief in cancer misinformation, while participants with poor analytical reasoning or higher receptivity to bullshit reported more false memories for fake news stories. These results indicate that reflexive, intuitive thinking styles contribute to susceptibility to cancer misinformation, suggesting a potential target for public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.4184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139908905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The functions of remembering the past and imagining the future during the COVID-19 pandemic 在 COVID-19 大流行期间回忆过去和想象未来的功能
IF 2.4 3区 心理学
Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4181
Zeynep Adıgüzel, Demet Ay, Ezgi Bilgin, Selin Buse Coşkuner, İrem Ergen, Sami Gülgöz
{"title":"The functions of remembering the past and imagining the future during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Zeynep Adıgüzel,&nbsp;Demet Ay,&nbsp;Ezgi Bilgin,&nbsp;Selin Buse Coşkuner,&nbsp;İrem Ergen,&nbsp;Sami Gülgöz","doi":"10.1002/acp.4181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4181","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, we explored how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the functions of autobiographical memory and future projection over time. Between May and June 2020, we asked people (<i>N</i> = 286) to recall or imagine personal events from four time periods: past before the pandemic, past during the pandemic, future during the pandemic, and future after the pandemic ends. Participants rated self, social, directive, predictive, and emotion regulation functions, and the phenomenological characteristics of these events. We found that ratings for all functions decreased for the pandemic and increased for the future. Overall, this study revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic created a breaking point, with memories being less functional at the beginning of the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic times and the future. However, imagined events that would occur after the pandemic ended were rated most functional, suggesting that people were still optimistic about a pandemic-free future.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.4181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139908906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhanced detection efficiency in reaction time-based concealed information test through response preparation interference 通过反应准备干扰提高基于反应时间的隐藏信息测试的检测效率
IF 2.4 3区 心理学
Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-18 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4180
Jing Liang, Yu-Hsin Chen, Wen-Jing Yan, Yun-Feng He
{"title":"Enhanced detection efficiency in reaction time-based concealed information test through response preparation interference","authors":"Jing Liang,&nbsp;Yu-Hsin Chen,&nbsp;Wen-Jing Yan,&nbsp;Yun-Feng He","doi":"10.1002/acp.4180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4180","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the influence of cognitive interference on the detectability of concealed information in a reaction time (RT)-based concealed information test (CIT). The classical RT-based CIT was modified to interfere with response preparation, hypothesizing that this interference would enhance detection efficiency. A total of 120 participants were randomly assigned as “guilty” or “innocent” and were instructed to deny any knowledge related to a mock crime. The results revealed that guilty participants exhibited significantly longer RTs for probes than for irrelevant stimuli in both the classical and modified-CIT conditions (aka CIT effect). In contrast, innocent participants showed no difference in RTs between the probe and irrelevant stimuli under either condition. Furthermore, the modified-CIT yielded significantly higher detection efficiency than the classical-CIT. These findings signify promising advancements in the application of cognitive interventions in deception detection methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139901661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Testing the efficacy of the cognitive interview to road traffic accident investigations 测试认知访谈对道路交通事故调查的有效性
IF 2.4 3区 心理学
Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4177
Dewi Maulina, Diandra Yasmine Irwanda,  Guritnaningsih, Henry Otgaar, Dela Septiana Nurfajriah, La Ode Muhammad Alwi Armas, Aliqa Impuni Dewi
{"title":"Testing the efficacy of the cognitive interview to road traffic accident investigations","authors":"Dewi Maulina,&nbsp;Diandra Yasmine Irwanda,&nbsp; Guritnaningsih,&nbsp;Henry Otgaar,&nbsp;Dela Septiana Nurfajriah,&nbsp;La Ode Muhammad Alwi Armas,&nbsp;Aliqa Impuni Dewi","doi":"10.1002/acp.4177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4177","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the current set of experiments, we examined the effectiveness of the Cognitive Interview (CI) on memory for traffic accidents. Three online experiments were conducted among Indonesian young motorcyclists who had an accident experience. Participants were interviewed about their most memorable accident experience, either with a CI or a Standard Interview (SI) method (Experiment 1). We added the time delay as the second independent variable (less than a month versus between 6 and 10 months) in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, the interview methods were compared across two age groups (adolescents versus young adults). In all experiments, the CI led to more event-related and peripheral recall than the SI. Furthermore, this effect persisted even when the event happened a long time ago and was replicated in both age groups. Our results show empirical evidence for the effectiveness of the CI in a traffic accident context, especially in a non-WEIRD country.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139744954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The efficacy of the Self-Administered Interview in minimising the misinformation effect 自填式访谈在减少误导效应方面的功效
IF 2.4 3区 心理学
Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4179
Emily Bird, Jan Wiener, Janice Attard-Johnson
{"title":"The efficacy of the Self-Administered Interview in minimising the misinformation effect","authors":"Emily Bird,&nbsp;Jan Wiener,&nbsp;Janice Attard-Johnson","doi":"10.1002/acp.4179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4179","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two experiments investigated the efficacy of the Self-Administered Interview (SAI) in immediate recall and minimising misinformation into later recall. In Experiment 1, participants (<i>N</i> = 114) viewed a reconstructed crime video and completed the SAI, Written Free Recall (WFR), or no recall for immediate recall, followed by a Delayed Recall questionnaire 1-to-2 weeks later. Experiment 2 replicated the procedure, except after the delay, participants (<i>N</i> = 141) were exposed to misinformation before Delayed Recall. Across both experiments, the SAI enhanced immediate memory, particularly for person details, compared to WFR. However, this initial enhancement did not lead to more correct information after the delay, although it reduced incorrect responses compared to no immediate recall. Surprisingly, neither the SAI nor the WFR reduced susceptibility to misinformation. The findings suggest completing an SAI immediately or soon after witnessing an event could enhance memory recall, reinforcing its potential utility for witnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.4179","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139732331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characteristics and functions of predictive and directive memories and forecasts 预测性和指令性记忆与预报的特点和功能
IF 2.4 3区 心理学
Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-11 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4174
Demet Ay, Sami Gülgöz
{"title":"Characteristics and functions of predictive and directive memories and forecasts","authors":"Demet Ay,&nbsp;Sami Gülgöz","doi":"10.1002/acp.4174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4174","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Earlier research focused on three functions of recollecting the past self, social, and directive functions, but few studies examined the characteristics of events serving these functions. Moreover, research has neglected the function of prediction, which refers to predicting the future by recollecting the past. The current study distinguished the predictive function from the directive function and aimed to characterize memories and future events serving different functions by employing function prompts as cues. In addition, the frequency of using function-cued memories for the other functions was measured. Results showed that predictive and directive function ratings of the predictive function cued events were significantly different. However, directive events served the predictive function as frequently as the directive function, indicating that the predictive function is a prerequisite for future planning conceptualized under the directive function. The results are indicative of a distinct predictive function and considerable overlap between functions of memories.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.4174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139720123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“What if…?”: Vividness and frequency of counterfactual thinking in survivors of terrorism "如果......会怎样？恐怖主义幸存者反事实思维的生动性和频率
IF 2.4 3区 心理学
Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-11 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4176
Andrea Undset, Tine K. Jensen, Grete Dyb, Tore Wentzel-Larsen, Ines Blix
{"title":"“What if…?”: Vividness and frequency of counterfactual thinking in survivors of terrorism","authors":"Andrea Undset,&nbsp;Tine K. Jensen,&nbsp;Grete Dyb,&nbsp;Tore Wentzel-Larsen,&nbsp;Ines Blix","doi":"10.1002/acp.4176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4176","url":null,"abstract":"<p>After traumatic experiences, it is common to think about alternative scenarios or outcomes of the event. This is often referred to as counterfactual thoughts (CFT), and CFT after trauma have been associated with posttraumatic stress reactions (PTSR). In this study, we aimed to: (1) investigate the relationship between the vividness and frequency of CFT and PTSR, and to (2) examine the associations between exposure, peri-traumatic reactions, physical injury and the loss of someone close, and the subsequent vividness and frequency of CFT. The participants (<i>N</i> = 289) were survivors of a terror attack in Norway. More vivid and frequent CFT were significantly and independently related to more PTSR. Exposure during trauma was significantly associated with more vivid CFT in the unadjusted regression model. No further significant relationships were found between exposure, peri-traumatic reactions, physical injury and the loss of someone close, and the vividness and frequency of CFT. As CFT are common after trauma and potentially cause distress, clinicians should identify and validate CFT, and provide coping assistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.4176","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139720124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cognitive effects of humorous drawings on learning: An eye-tracking study 幽默图画对学习的认知影响：眼动追踪研究
IF 2.4 3区 心理学
Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4178
Mathilde Cazes, Audrey Noël, Eric Jamet
{"title":"Cognitive effects of humorous drawings on learning: An eye-tracking study","authors":"Mathilde Cazes,&nbsp;Audrey Noël,&nbsp;Eric Jamet","doi":"10.1002/acp.4178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4178","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although humor is frequently used in face-to-face courses and computer-based training, there is no consensus in the literature on its effects on students' learning. The aim of the present study was therefore to assess the cognitive effects of adding humorous drawings in a computer-based course on both learning outcomes and learning behaviors (eye movements). It was assumed that humorous drawings would improve learning through the active resolution of incongruity. To isolate this effect from those of the illustrations, a nonhumorous drawings condition was also compared with the text-only condition. Eye-movement data showed that humor increased visiting duration for the drawings. Learning outcomes were not affected by the nonhumorous drawings, whereas humor had a positive effect on comprehension, though not on retention. This effect of humor was not mediated by visiting time for the slides. Our results argue in favor of the use of content-relevant cartoons to improve students' learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139704677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Introducing a new era 引入新时代
IF 2.4 3区 心理学
Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4175
Michael E. Lamb
{"title":"Introducing a new era","authors":"Michael E. Lamb","doi":"10.1002/acp.4175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139695176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of individual differences in episodic future thought on credibility in occupation interviews 偶发未来思维的个体差异对职业访谈可信度的影响
IF 2.4 3区 心理学
Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4172
Felicity O'Connell, Delyth Stone, Zarah Vernham, Paul Taylor, Lara Warmelink
{"title":"The effect of individual differences in episodic future thought on credibility in occupation interviews","authors":"Felicity O'Connell,&nbsp;Delyth Stone,&nbsp;Zarah Vernham,&nbsp;Paul Taylor,&nbsp;Lara Warmelink","doi":"10.1002/acp.4172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4172","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, we describe three experiments that explored whether individual differences in episodic future thought (EFT) ability affects credibility when participants told the truth and lied about their occupation. Credibility was measured by the number of perceptual details, statement length, level of detail and plausibility in verbal accounts and sketches (Experiment 1) and by other participants' veracity judgments of the verbal accounts (Experiment 2) and sketches (Experiment 3). In Experiment 1, participants with higher EFT ability generated more detailed verbal accounts and more plausible sketches than those with lower EFT ability. In Experiments 2 and 3, EFT ability did not predict veracity judgements of the verbal accounts or sketches derived from Experiment 1. The findings across all experiments suggest that EFT ability affects the ability to generate credible accounts however, EFT ability does not affect credibility judgements.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.4172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139682841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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