Megan N. Imundo, Rui Ling Rachel Sanchez, Bianca Gonzalez, Rebecca M. Adler, Elizabeth Ligon Bjork
{"title":"Notetaking in the Time of COVID-19: Shifts in Students' Notetaking Practices Between In-Person and Online Instruction","authors":"Megan N. Imundo, Rui Ling Rachel Sanchez, Bianca Gonzalez, Rebecca M. Adler, Elizabeth Ligon Bjork","doi":"10.1002/acp.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic produced a unique opportunity to examine undergraduate students' notetaking practices for online courses. In this large survey study (<i>n</i> = 584), we examined how students' notetaking changed from before to during emergency online instruction and how students used their notes during this time. Our findings suggest that students made use of the affordances of online courses—especially the availability of lecture recordings and live captions—while taking notes. We also found mixed support for students' taking and using their notes in evidence-aligned ways. Students reported that they consistently took notes and often used organizational strategies while notetaking. Yet, students also tended to take transcript-style notes and often reviewed their notes passively and at the last minute. Together, our findings offer insight into how students leverage the unique features of online learning during notetaking and paint a nuanced picture of students' notetaking strategies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The More, the Merrier? A Study on Group Structure's Impact on Individual and Collective Memory","authors":"Qian Xiao, Xiaochun Luo, Yue Chu, Weihai Tang, Yahui Zhang, Hui Xu, Xiping Liu","doi":"10.1002/acp.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study examined the impact of group structure on individual and collective memory using a socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting (SS-RIF) paradigm with categorized exemplar words. A mixed design study with a 2 (group structure: member-identical, member-reconfigured) × 2 (interaction roles: speaker, listener) × 4 (item types: Rp+, Rp−, Nrp+, Nrp−) was conducted. Listeners in both groups exhibited SS-RIF, with no significant difference in forgetting. The member-identical group demonstrated a higher level of collective memory (overlapping items both members remembered or forgotten after collaboration) than the member-reconfigured group. No significant difference was found in collective recollection (i.e., items commonly remembered). However, the member-reconfigured group exhibited lower collective forgetting (i.e., items commonly forgotten). These results suggest repeated interactions with the same group are more conducive to forming collective memories, while interacting with a different person each time offers greater re-exposure benefits, leading to enhanced recall and less forgetting of the discussed information.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lukas Wesenberg, Felix Krieglstein, Sascha Schneider, Günter Daniel Rey
{"title":"Seductive Details in Learning Text—Less Harmful if They Are Grouped Together Instead of Interspersed?","authors":"Lukas Wesenberg, Felix Krieglstein, Sascha Schneider, Günter Daniel Rey","doi":"10.1002/acp.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examined if the number of interruptions caused by interesting side notes in learning text is critical for the detrimental effect that is generally found when such seductive details are included, and consequently, if this effect can be mitigated by grouping these details together instead of interspersing them. Results confirmed that extraneous cognitive load was increased and transfer performance impaired in conditions with seductive details. However, no significant differences were found between the grouped condition with five seductive details placed directly one after another (one interruption), and the interspersed condition with five seductive details placed at different positions (several interruptions). It is recommended to avoid interesting digressions in teaching, regardless of whether they are spread across the learning material or grouped together in one place. The extent of the seductive detail effect might rather depend on the amount of seductive details presented than the number of interruptions caused.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria A. Nygaard, Eva Rubínová, Julia L. Allan, Louise H. Phillips
{"title":"Understanding Older Adults' Experience of Prospective Memory Errors and Strategy Use","authors":"Maria A. Nygaard, Eva Rubínová, Julia L. Allan, Louise H. Phillips","doi":"10.1002/acp.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to plan and carry out a specific intention. Among older adults, the frequency of PM errors predicts difficulties with independent living. However, little is known about the nature and appraisal of everyday PM errors in older adults, as well as the strategies used to support PM. We addressed these issues in two qualitative interview studies (<i>N</i> = 30) with individuals aged 55–86. Findings suggested that older adults were most affected by PM failures that impact others (e.g., forgetting to meet a friend, 19/30 participants). The importance of social support to help remember tasks was also highlighted. External aids (e.g., calendars) were seen as the most useful strategies (27/30 participants), but participants differed in their attitudes toward technological support for memory. Findings highlight the importance of social factors in motivating and supporting PM in older adults and may inform the development of effective strategies to support PM in aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.70066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia F. Hammett, Weiqi Chen, Mitchell Kirwan, Olivia Westemeier, Cynthia A. Stappenbeck, Kelly Cue Davis
{"title":"Adversarial Heterosexual Beliefs, Sexual Entitlement Cognitions, and Condom Use Resistance Intentions Among Sober Versus Intoxicated Men: A Multigroup Mediation Model","authors":"Julia F. Hammett, Weiqi Chen, Mitchell Kirwan, Olivia Westemeier, Cynthia A. Stappenbeck, Kelly Cue Davis","doi":"10.1002/acp.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Men's condom use resistance (CUR) is common and associated with negative health consequences. CUR can involve both coercive and noncoercive strategies, and like other types of sexual coercion, may be exacerbated by alcohol use. Following sociocultural and feminist theories, the current study examined the associations between adversarial heterosexual beliefs and coercive and noncoercive CUR intentions via sexual entitlement cognitions among sober versus intoxicated men. Non-problem drinking young adult men (<i>N</i> = 282) completed background surveys, an in-lab alcohol administration procedure, and a hypothetical sexual scenario task. Results of multigroup path analysis showed that sexual entitlement cognitions mediated the associations between adversarial heterosexual beliefs and coercive and noncoercive CUR intentions. These associations were of similar strength among sober and intoxicated men. Findings lend support for the use of cognitive behavioral interventions and broader prevention efforts reducing societal messages that support hostile masculinity beliefs and cognitions to reduce CUR.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melanie Sauerland, Siegfried L. Sporer, Colin G. Tredoux
{"title":"Police Identifications Are Occasionally More Accurate, but a General Conclusion About Their Performance Is Premature","authors":"Melanie Sauerland, Siegfried L. Sporer, Colin G. Tredoux","doi":"10.1002/acp.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reisberg and Pezdek raise concerns about our study, in which police trainees outperformed civilians on an identification task. They argue that we did not report our results in a sufficiently disaggregated form and that our study does not overturn their earlier conclusion that the superiority of police witnesses is a myth. We maintain that police trainees' identification decisions in our experiment were, on aggregate, more accurate than civilians'. However, we do not claim that the literature generally supports the conclusion that police witnesses are more accurate than civilians when making identifications. The existing literature includes only seven relevant experiments, and two use only target-present lineups. Moderators and confounds may play a role in several studies. We conclude with a call for a systematic review and meta-analysis and encourage future research to consider under-represented jurisdictions and sampling plans to reflect the heterogeneity of the police body.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Freda Jia Xin Jong, Alvin Lai Oon Ng, Cheng Kar Phang, Safa Omran, Siew Li Teoh
{"title":"The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Intervention on Cognitive Functions in Tertiary Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Freda Jia Xin Jong, Alvin Lai Oon Ng, Cheng Kar Phang, Safa Omran, Siew Li Teoh","doi":"10.1002/acp.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are secular trainings shown to enhance cognitive function, but their effectiveness among tertiary students has not been critically evaluated. This review synthesized evidence from randomized controlled trials on the impact of MBIs on cognitive improvement in tertiary students. Databases including Medline and Embase were searched for randomized controlled trials. Twenty-six trials were included, with 17 pooled for meta-analysis. Participants, mostly without mental health issues or prior meditation experience, underwent cognitive assessments on attention, memory, executive function, perception, and learning. The MBIs ranged from one session to 8 weeks in duration. The evidence quality was generally low. Significant improvements were found in the “orienting” subdomain of attention (MD −8.12, 95% CI: −14.18, −2.05) and “episodic memory”: (SMD 0.93, 95% CI: 0.32, 1.53). These findings suggest that MBIs can enhance attention and memory in tertiary students, indicating potential benefits of integrating mindfulness training into university education systems.</p><p><b>Trial Registration:</b> PROSPERO: CRD42020170393.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.70056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of Victim Physical Maturity and Judicial Instruction on Jury Decision Making in Child Sexual Abuse Cases","authors":"Jaylan Melek Aliev, Kayla A. Burd, Mary Kate Koch","doi":"10.1002/acp.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study investigated the relationship between victim physical maturity and judicial instruction on the outcomes of child sexual abuse (CSA) trials. We employed a 2 (Victim physical maturity: Less mature vs. More mature) × 2 (Judicial instruction: Psychosocial-specific instruction vs. General instruction) between-subjects design. Participants read a vignette detailing a case of CSA, render a verdict, and respond to case-related measures (e.g., victim credibility, perceptions of psychosocial maturity, responsibility). Results indicated that jurors favored prepubescent looking victims, as compared to postpubescent looking victims. Moreover, results indicated psychosocial-specific judicial instruction led to increased positive perceptions of the victim regardless of pubertal status. This research has important implications for the conviction rates in CSA trials involving older and more mature looking victims.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erdem Onan, Arif Onan, Ezgi Ozgun, Semra Gundogdu, Hicran Bektas, Anique B. H. de Bruin
{"title":"Improving Diagnostic Accuracy of Lung Auscultation Through Interleaved Practice: A Quasi-Experimental Field Study","authors":"Erdem Onan, Arif Onan, Ezgi Ozgun, Semra Gundogdu, Hicran Bektas, Anique B. H. de Bruin","doi":"10.1002/acp.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Health professions educators are increasingly encouraged to implement <i>desirable difficulties</i> in their instruction, such as interleaved practice. In practical context, however, there is limited empirical evidence regarding the (meta)cognitive benefits of desirable difficulties, and interleaved practice in particular, posing a challenge to theoretical propositions. In this quasi-experimental field study, we examined the effectiveness of interleaved practice in auscultation training for second-year nursing students, with a focus on their learning outcomes and relative monitoring accuracy. Over 3 weeks, we measured participants' immediate and delayed-test scores, monitoring accuracy, and metacognitive knowledge of blocked and interleaved practice. Results revealed that interleaved practice yielded better auscultation performance than blocked practice. Regarding metacognitive accuracy, however, we found no statistically significant benefit of interleaving. Many students were unaware of the learning benefits of interleaved practice and found it more effortful than blocking. Our findings indicate that interleaved practice is a viable instructional method that can be utilized in authentic environments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alejandro J. Estudillo, Chang Hong Liu, Emma Portch
{"title":"The Effect of Face Masks on the Recognition of Own- and Other-Race Faces","authors":"Alejandro J. Estudillo, Chang Hong Liu, Emma Portch","doi":"10.1002/acp.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The other race-effect (ORE), the tendency to identify more accurately own- than other-race faces, is typically attributed to diminished holistic or configural processing for other-race faces. However, other accounts suggest that the ORE can be mediated when observers specifically focus on particular facial features. For example, Black observers do not show an ORE for White faces when they attend to the eye region. This study examines these accounts when surgical face masks naturally occlude the lower region of the face, which may both disrupt holistic processing and facilitate or hamper selective feature processing, dependent on the race of the face. Overall, our experiments showed that face masks disrupted the identification of both own- and other-race faces. In addition, internal meta-analyses showed that this effect was slightly larger for own- than other-race faces, providing more support for the holistic processing account of the ORE.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.70062","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}