Applied Cognitive Psychology最新文献_第2页

Does (Biasing) Nonverbal Information Deteriorate the Accuracy of the Take-the-Best Heuristic for Deception Detection? 非语言信息（偏差）是否会降低 "取最佳值 "启发式欺骗检测的准确性？

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1002/acp.70006

Aaron Benjamin Lob, Nisrin Chakir, Laurine van Munster van Heuven, Bruno Verschuere

{"title":"Does (Biasing) Nonverbal Information Deteriorate the Accuracy of the Take-the-Best Heuristic for Deception Detection?","authors":"Aaron Benjamin Lob, Nisrin Chakir, Laurine van Munster van Heuven, Bruno Verschuere","doi":"10.1002/acp.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>People are poor lie detectors, partly because they hold false beliefs about nonverbal cues to deception. Here, we investigated if guiding people to rely only on a message's detailedness (“take-the-best”) boosts their lie detection and to what extent such heuristic judgments are immune to nonverbal information. In three studies (<i>N</i>s = 109, 88 and 144), participants made detailedness-based veracity judgements, of text versus video statements (Study 1), or of statements without or with biasing nonverbal behavior (truth tellers diverting, liars maintaining gaze; Studies 2 and 3). Compared to unguided judgements, participants using the heuristic method achieved higher deception detection accuracy throughout. Mere access to nonverbal behavior did not deteriorate performance (Study 1), but the heuristic was not fully immune to biasing nonverbal behavior (Studies 2, 3). Our findings challenge the lay notion that access to nonverbal behavior benefits deception detection and suggest that only focusing on diagnostic cues improves lie detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Unlicensed Corrections Violate the Gricean Maxims of Communication: Evidence for a Cognitive Mechanism Underlying Misinformation Backfire Effects 无证惩教违反了格莱斯传播原则：错误信息逆火效应的认知机制证据

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1002/acp.70004

Jacob G. Thomas, Kevin S. Autry

{"title":"Unlicensed Corrections Violate the Gricean Maxims of Communication: Evidence for a Cognitive Mechanism Underlying Misinformation Backfire Effects","authors":"Jacob G. Thomas, Kevin S. Autry","doi":"10.1002/acp.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Successful correction of misinformation is complicated by the possibility of backfire effects where corrections may unintentionally increase false beliefs. Due to the conflicting evidence for the existence of backfire effects in the current literature, the present study investigated the influence of pragmatic licensing (i.e., contextual justification for communicating corrections) on the occurrence of backfire effects. Using text messages to manipulate the presence of misinformation and corrections about the meanings of novel words, we found evidence of a backfire effect occurring as a result of unlicensed negated corrections. Misinformation use was significantly greater when a correction was provided without licensing than when no information was provided at all. We suggest that the backfire effect observed in this study may be the result of a violation of the Gricean maxims of communication, and that this mechanism may help to explain the contradictory findings about the existence of backfire effects when correcting misinformation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Domain-General Individual Differences in Visual Comparison: Generalisability and Stability of Visual Comparison Ability Re-Visited 视觉比较中的领域性个体差异：再论视觉比较能力的普遍性和稳定性

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1002/acp.70003

Bethany Growns, Mia Gough, Rebecca K. Helm

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No Evidence for a Negative Effect of Realism When Learning About a Process Despite an Increase in Cognitive Load 尽管认知负荷增加，但没有证据表明在学习过程中现实主义会产生负面影响

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1002/acp.70000

Alexander Skulmowski

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Children's Responses to “Do You Remember …” Questions About Their Memory 儿童对 "你还记得......吗？关于记忆力的问题

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1002/acp.70005

Christina O. Perez, Kristina Todorovic, Kamala London

{"title":"Children's Responses to “Do You Remember …” Questions About Their Memory","authors":"Christina O. Perez, Kristina Todorovic, Kamala London","doi":"10.1002/acp.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children's failure to distinguish the literal and implied meaning of “Do you remember …” (DYR) questions can lead to misunderstandings and damage their credibility as witnesses. We examined 65 children's (4–10 years) responses to wh- and yes/no questions about a cartoon video. Questions probed about true, false, and unanswerable details. Question format was manipulated as a within-subjects variable: half the questions were asked directly and half were prefaced with DYR. Most children provided unelaborated “yes” or “no” responses (i.e., referential ambiguity) to DYR yes/no questions. Requests for clarification revealed children were twice as likely to indicate their referentially ambiguous responses were answering the explicit DYR question when asked about false details (24%) than true details (9%). Pragmatic failure (i.e., unelaborated “yes” responses to DYR wh- questions) was most often observed when questions probed about true event details. As age increased, children were less likely to demonstrate referential ambiguity and pragmatic failure.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyzing Protection Motivation Theory and Cognitive Failures in Texting While Driving Behavior Among Young Drivers 分析年轻司机开车时发短信行为的保护动机理论和认知缺陷

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4252

Janeth Gabaldon, Suman Niranjan, Timothy G. Hawkins, Maranda E. McBride, Katrina Savitskie

{"title":"Analyzing Protection Motivation Theory and Cognitive Failures in Texting While Driving Behavior Among Young Drivers","authors":"Janeth Gabaldon, Suman Niranjan, Timothy G. Hawkins, Maranda E. McBride, Katrina Savitskie","doi":"10.1002/acp.4252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4252","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Texting while driving (TWD) poses a significant hazard, particularly among young adults, as it requires simultaneous engagement in competing tasks. Despite widespread awareness of its dangers, drivers continue to engage in TWD. This study investigates the psychological and cognitive factors that influence TWD, employing the protection motivation theory (PMT). Structural equation modeling was conducted on a sample of 674 survey respondents aged 18–25. Factors influencing TWD behavior were revealed, including response cost, threat vulnerability, cognitive failure, self-efficacy, and threat severity. Response cost was the primary barrier. Notably, not all subdimensions of threat appraisal and coping appraisal have a direct impact on TWD; cognitive failures serve as a mediator solely between threat vulnerability and response cost. An understanding of TWD provides insights into the TWD behavior of young drivers. By integrating the PMT with cognitive failure, this approach informs the development of interventions and regulations aimed at discouraging TWD and improving road safety.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Positive/Negative Emotions Towards Autobiographical Memories on Impressions of the Conversation and Conversation Partner During Nostalgic Memory Sharing 在分享怀旧记忆时，对自传体记忆的积极/消极情绪对谈话内容和谈话对象印象的影响

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4255

Eriko Sugimori, Takashi Kusumi

{"title":"Influence of Positive/Negative Emotions Towards Autobiographical Memories on Impressions of the Conversation and Conversation Partner During Nostalgic Memory Sharing","authors":"Eriko Sugimori, Takashi Kusumi","doi":"10.1002/acp.4255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4255","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigated the effects of positive/negative emotions towards autobiographical memories on impressions of the conversation and conversation partner during memory sharing in a reminiscence therapy setting. Fifty-six older (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 69.3) and 60 younger (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 20.7) participants' net emotional tendency (positive/negative) towards autobiographical memories and depressive symptoms were evaluated using validated rating scales. Positive/positive and positive/negative age-matched random pairs shared a nostalgic memory through free conversation. Participants with a negative emotional tendency towards autobiographical memories in positive/negative pairs tended to feel less “easy” about the conversation. Participants with a positive emotional tendency towards autobiographical memories in positive/negative pairs had a more negative impression of their partners. Our data provide insight into the relationship between net emotional tendency towards autobiographical memories and depression and suggest that an individual's net emotional tendency towards autobiographical memories potentially affects the outcome of group reminiscence therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acp.4255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142439005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Typical Mathematical Education Cannot Predict Non-Verbal Number Sense 典型数学教育无法预测非语言数感

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4256

Jiaxin Cui, Yiyun Zhang, Aibao Zhou, Xing Gao, Chen Zhang, Xinlin Zhou

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Pronoun Anaphora and Children's Developing Abilities to Backward Reference in Criminal Cases of Alleged Child Sexual Abuse 在指控儿童性虐待的刑事案件中，代词拟合与儿童反向参照能力的发展

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4257

Ciara Ruiz-Earle, Colleen E. Sullivan, Stacia N. Stolzenberg

{"title":"Pronoun Anaphora and Children's Developing Abilities to Backward Reference in Criminal Cases of Alleged Child Sexual Abuse","authors":"Ciara Ruiz-Earle, Colleen E. Sullivan, Stacia N. Stolzenberg","doi":"10.1002/acp.4257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4257","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In child sexual abuse (CSA) testimony, attorneys may ask children questions containing pronoun anaphora (e.g., “Where was your Dad?” “What did he do?” <i>he</i> is a pronoun anaphora for referent, <i>Dad</i>). To answer these questions, children must recall the pronoun's referent and appropriate answer to the question. This may be too complex a cognitive task for young children, especially when there are multiple question-and-answer (Q–A) turns between the referent and pronoun, leading to misunderstanding. We examined Q–A pairs containing pronouns in 40 CSA testimonies of 5 to 10-year-olds. Many attorneys' questions (24%) contained pronouns. Attorneys averaged 4.11 Q–A turns between the referent and pronoun. With each additional Q–A turn, the likelihood of misunderstanding increased. Children's age was also associated with a significant decrease in misunderstanding, meaning older children exhibited fewer misunderstandings. To reduce misunderstanding, those questioning children should clarify the referent quickly when their question contains pronoun anaphora.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The Wisdom of the Crowd Can Unmask Faces 群众的智慧可以揭开面纱

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Applied Cognitive Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1002/acp.4254

Daniel J. Carragher, Peter J. B. Hancock

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