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Public Understanding of Science最新文献

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1796 - An Introduction to Botany: The critical role of women in eighteenth-century science popularisation and the early promotion of science for young girls in Britain. 1796 - 《植物学入门》：妇女在十八世纪科学普及中的关键作用，以及英国早期对年轻女孩的科学推广。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231217015
Isabel Richards
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引用次数: 0
Work and the public understanding of science. 工作和公众对科学的理解。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231203478
Robert M Kunovich
{"title":"Work and the public understanding of science.","authors":"Robert M Kunovich","doi":"10.1177/09636625231203478","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231203478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines whether engaging in science work and work that is substantively complex (e.g. requiring independent thought and judgment) is related to interest in science, science knowledge, and confidence in the scientific community in the United States. It also examines whether the conditions of work mediate the relationship between education and these science-related outcomes. Occupation-level data from O*NET are merged with survey data from the General Social Survey. Results indicate that science work is related to interest in science and science knowledge and that work complexity is related to confidence in the scientific community. Results offer only limited evidence of mediation-science work mediates the relationship between educational attainment and science knowledge but not the relationships involving interest or confidence. In sum, results indicate that the conditions of work are associated with science attitudes, and that researchers should examine these connections in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"353-369"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10958755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49683639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Belief updating when confronted with scientific evidence: Examining the role of trust in science. 面对科学证据时的信念更新：考察信任在科学中的作用。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231203538
Tom Rosman, Sianna Grösser
{"title":"Belief updating when confronted with scientific evidence: Examining the role of trust in science.","authors":"Tom Rosman, Sianna Grösser","doi":"10.1177/09636625231203538","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231203538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In one exploratory study (<i>N</i> = 985) and one preregistered study (<i>N</i> = 1100), we investigated whether trust in science influences belief change on a medico-scientific issue when laypersons are confronted with scientific evidence. Moreover, we tested whether individuals with high trust in science trust science \"blindly,\" meaning that their trust in a scientific claim's source prevents them from adequately evaluating the claim itself. Participants read eight fictitious studies on the efficacy of acupuncture, which were experimentally manipulated regarding direction (evidence favoring acupuncture vs diverging evidence) and quality (high vs low; only Study 2). Acupuncture-related beliefs were measured before and after reading. Moderator and mediator analyses showed that the magnitude of belief change indeed depends on trust in science. Furthermore, we found that people with high trust in science are better able to evaluate the quality of scientific studies, which, in turn, protects them from being influenced by low-quality evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"308-324"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10958746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparing the influence of intellectual humility, religiosity, and political conservatism on vaccine attitudes in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. 比较美国、加拿大和英国知识分子的谦逊、宗教信仰和政治保守主义对疫苗态度的影响。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-19 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231191633
Jesse L Preston, Abdullah Khan
{"title":"Comparing the influence of intellectual humility, religiosity, and political conservatism on vaccine attitudes in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom.","authors":"Jesse L Preston, Abdullah Khan","doi":"10.1177/09636625231191633","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231191633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three studies of US, Canada, and UK respondents examined pro-vaccine attitudes as predicted by intellectual humility, belief in science, religiosity, and political attitudes. Intellectual humility refers to the capacity to understand limits of one's own beliefs and showed strong relationship to pro-vaccine attitudes across samples. Pro-vaccine attitudes were correlated with intellectual humility and negatively correlated with political conservatism and religiosity. Regression models compared overlapping influences of belief predictors on vaccine attitudes. Across countries, intellectual humility was the most consistent predictor of pro-vaccine attitudes when controlling for other beliefs and thinking styles (political conservatism, belief in science, religiosity). In comparison, political conservatism was a significant predictor of vaccine attitudes in regression models on US and Canadian respondents, and religiosity only held as a predictor in regression models in the US sample. We conclude with a discussion of intellectual humility as a predictor of vaccine attitudes and implications for research and persuasion.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"343-352"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10958756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10083136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neuroscience explanations really do satisfy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the seductive allure of neuroscience. 神经科学的解释确实令人满意：对神经科学诱人吸引力的系统综述和荟萃分析。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231205005
Elizabeth M Bennett, Peter J McLaughlin
{"title":"Neuroscience explanations really do satisfy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the seductive allure of neuroscience.","authors":"Elizabeth M Bennett, Peter J McLaughlin","doi":"10.1177/09636625231205005","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231205005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extraneous neuroscience information improves ratings of scientific explanations, and affects mock juror decisions in many studies, but others have yielded little to no effect. To establish the magnitude of this effect, we conducted a random-effects meta-analysis using 60 experiments from 28 publications. We found a mild but highly significant effect, with substantial heterogeneity. Planned subgroup analyses revealed that within-subjects studies, where people can compare the same material with and without neuroscience, and those using text, have stronger effects than between-subjects designs, and studies using brain image stimuli. We serendipitously found that effect sizes were stronger on outcomes of evaluating satisfaction or metacomprehension, compared with jury verdicts or assessments of convincingness. In conclusion, there is more than one type of neuroscience explanations effect. Irrelevant neuroscience does have a seductive allure, especially on self-appraised satisfaction and understanding, and when presented as text.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"290-307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71427968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Narrativization of human population genetics: Two cases in Iceland and Russia. 人类群体遗传学的叙述：冰岛和俄罗斯的两个案例。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231203481
Vadim Chaly, Olga V Popova
{"title":"Narrativization of human population genetics: Two cases in Iceland and Russia.","authors":"Vadim Chaly, Olga V Popova","doi":"10.1177/09636625231203481","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231203481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using the two cases of the Icelandic Health Sector Database and Russian initiatives in biobanking, the article criticizes the view of narratives and imaginaries as a sufficient and unproblematic means of shaping public understanding of genetics and justifying population-wide projects. Narrative representations of national biobanking engage particular imaginaries that are not bound by the universal normative framework of human rights, promote affective thinking, distract the public from recognizing and discussing tangible ethical and socioeconomic issues, and harm trust in science and technology. In the Icelandic case, the presentation of the project in association with national imaginaries concealed its market identity and could lead to the commodification of biodata. In the Russian case, framing in terms of \"genetic sovereignty\" and \"civilizational code\" offers pretexts for state securitization. Adherence to normative framework of human rights and public discussion of genetics in an argumentative and factual mode can counter these trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"370-386"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71522985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Scientists in the news photos: Photographic portraits of scientists in China (1949-2022). 科学家新闻照片：中国科学家摄影肖像（1949-2022 年）。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241226878
Hailing Yu, Yang Yu
{"title":"Scientists in the news photos: Photographic portraits of scientists in China (1949-2022).","authors":"Hailing Yu, Yang Yu","doi":"10.1177/09636625241226878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625241226878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photography plays an important role in science communication. This study investigates the photographic portraits of scientists in the news media in China from 1949 to 2022. The data consist of 1,071 photographs published in <i>People's Daily</i>, the most influential newspaper in China. The photographs are analysed according to a framework based on previous studies on the visual representation of scientists. Analysis shows an overall image of scientists that demonstrates distinctive 'Chinese' features, such as the prominence of group photos and governmental honours. Diachronically, the visual image of scientists evolved from the early farmer scientists acclaimed in midst of political struggle to social elites and stars celebrated as China's hope for indigenous innovation. The study enriches our understanding of the visual representation of scientists in China, and sheds light on the influence of culture, politics and social positioning of science and technology on the image of scientists created by the media.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"9636625241226878"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book review: Mike Hulme Climate Change Isn’t Everything: Liberating Climate Politics From Alarmism 书评：Mike Hulme Climate Change Isn't Everything: Liberating Climate Politics From Alarmism（《气候变化并非万能：将气候政治从恐慌主义中解放出来》）书评
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-03-09 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241235991
Julia Schubert
{"title":"Book review: Mike Hulme Climate Change Isn’t Everything: Liberating Climate Politics From Alarmism","authors":"Julia Schubert","doi":"10.1177/09636625241235991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625241235991","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":"158 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140070012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dark citizen science. 黑暗的公民科学。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231203470
James Riley, Will Mason-Wilkes
{"title":"Dark citizen science.","authors":"James Riley, Will Mason-Wilkes","doi":"10.1177/09636625231203470","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231203470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Citizen science is often celebrated. We interrogate this position through exploration of socio-technoscientific phenomena that mirror citizen science yet are disaligned with its ideals. We term this 'Dark Citizen Science'. We identify five conceptual dimensions of citizen science - <i>purpose, process, perceptibility, power</i> and <i>public effect</i>. Dark citizen science mirrors traditional citizen science in <i>purpose</i> and <i>process</i> but diverges in <i>perceptibility, power</i> and <i>public effect</i>. We compare two Internet-based categorisation processes, Citizen Science project Galaxy Zoo and Dark Citizen Science project Google's reCAPTCHA. We highlight that the reader has, likely unknowingly, provided unpaid technoscientific labour to Google. We apply insights from our analysis of dark citizen science to traditional citizen science. Linking citizen science as practice and normative democratic ideal ignores how some science-citizen configurations actively pit practice against ideal. Further, failure to fully consider the implications of citizen science for science and society allows exploitative elements of citizen science to evade the sociological gaze.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"142-157"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10832315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49683638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Media framings of the role of genomics in "addiction" in the United States from 2015 to 2019: Individualized risk, biomedical expertise, and the limits of destigmatization. 2015 至 2019 年媒体对基因组学在美国 "成瘾 "问题中的作用的描述：个性化风险、生物医学专业知识和去污名化的局限性。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231190743
Katherine Hendy
{"title":"Media framings of the role of genomics in \"addiction\" in the United States from 2015 to 2019: Individualized risk, biomedical expertise, and the limits of destigmatization.","authors":"Katherine Hendy","doi":"10.1177/09636625231190743","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231190743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>News coverage of the opioid epidemic is a useful site for examining genomic framings of addiction. Qualitative analysis of 139 articles published in the United States from 2015 to 2019 discussing genomics, addiction, and the opioid epidemic found an emphasis on both a postgenomic framing in which genetics operates in relation to social and environmental factors, and a molecularized understanding of addiction which highlighted the role of neurobiology and individual-level genetic risk. Discussions of genetics were often intertwined with calls for a biomedicalized approach that frames addiction as a chronic disease in need of medication, and thus under the purview of medical experts. Finally, while genomic discourses were invoked to reduce stigma, genomics was at times used to describe addicts as biologically distinct from other people, reflecting the possibility that genetics-even in the postgenomic context-can be used to promote a biologically essentialized understanding of people with addiction.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"158-173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10129176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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