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The political leaning of the neuroscience discourse about school education in the French press from 2000 to 2020. 2000 年至 2020 年法国新闻界关于学校教育的神经科学论述的政治倾向。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-05 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231183650
Cédric Brun, Marie Penavayre, Francois Gonon
{"title":"The political leaning of the neuroscience discourse about school education in the French press from 2000 to 2020.","authors":"Cédric Brun, Marie Penavayre, Francois Gonon","doi":"10.1177/09636625231183650","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231183650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Political actors pay attention to newspapers because they stimulate them to address a topic, reflect public opinion, provide feedback to their decisions, and help them to generate effective messages. Previous surveys showed that this is true for scientific issues. It follows that the newspaper coverage of scientific issues should appear as politically oriented, as observed regarding climate change. Here, we tested this prediction regarding educational neuroscience. This scientific issue is interesting because it implies no major economic interest and because the relevance of neuroscience regarding teaching in the classroom is still highly controversial. As hypothesized, we observed that the French press appeared strongly polarized: the right-leaning press was mostly favorable to educational neuroscience, whereas critical opinions were mainly found in the social-democrat press. Although the relevance of neuroscience toward teaching was rarely discussed in scientific arguments, political actors often invoked educational neuroscience in the press to legitimate their decision.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"121-138"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10297242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predictors of young people's anti-vaccine attitudes in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 大流行背景下年轻人反疫苗态度的预测因素。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231179830
Lucrezia Crescenzi-Lanna, Riccardo Valente, Silvia Cataldi, Fabrizio Martire
{"title":"Predictors of young people's anti-vaccine attitudes in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Lucrezia Crescenzi-Lanna, Riccardo Valente, Silvia Cataldi, Fabrizio Martire","doi":"10.1177/09636625231179830","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231179830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this research was to explore how attitudes to science and scientists may be related to anti-vax positions and whether the psychological trait known as Need for Closure may influence the relationship between any or all of these attitudes. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1128 young people aged 18-25 living in Italy during the COVID-19 health crisis. Based on the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, which allowed the extraction of a three-factor solution (scepticism about science, unrealistic expectations about science and anti-vax postures), we tested our hypotheses by means of a structural equation model. We found that anti-vax positions are strongly correlated with sceptical views of science, while unrealistic expectations about science affect attitudes to vaccination only indirectly. Either way, Need for Closure emerged as a key variable in our model, as it significantly moderates the effect of both factors on anti-vax positions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"73-87"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10311370/pdf/10.1177_09636625231179830.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9746482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID-19 coverage from six network and cable news sources in the United States: Representation of misinformation, correction, and portrayals of severity. 美国六个网络和有线新闻来源对 COVID-19 的报道：错误信息的代表性、纠正和严重性描述。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231179588
Erin K Maloney, Allie J White, Litty Samuel, Michele Boehm, Amy Bleakley
{"title":"COVID-19 coverage from six network and cable news sources in the United States: Representation of misinformation, correction, and portrayals of severity.","authors":"Erin K Maloney, Allie J White, Litty Samuel, Michele Boehm, Amy Bleakley","doi":"10.1177/09636625231179588","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231179588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic in the United States is marked by divisions in perceptions of disease severity as well as misperceptions about the virus and vaccine that vary along ideological and political party lines. Perceptual differences may be due to differences in the information about the virus that individuals are exposed to within their own identity-affirming ideological news bubbles. This content analysis of six different national network transcripts highlights differences in coverage of severity, and the prevalence of misinformation and its correction that are consistent with previously established preferred news channels of conservatives/Republicans and liberals/Democrats and their perceptions and misperceptions about the pandemic. Results contribute to the growing body of country-specific COVID-19 media studies that allow for comparisons across nations with different cultures and media systems, as these factors play a pivotal role in national responses and experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"58-72"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10333563/pdf/10.1177_09636625231179588.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9772881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Threatening experts: Correlates of viewing scientists as a social threat. 威胁专家：将科学家视为社会威胁的相关因素。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231183115
Sedona Chinn, Ariel Hasell, Jessica Roden, Brianna Zichettella
{"title":"Threatening experts: Correlates of viewing scientists as a social threat.","authors":"Sedona Chinn, Ariel Hasell, Jessica Roden, Brianna Zichettella","doi":"10.1177/09636625231183115","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231183115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite widespread trust in scientists, efforts to curtail their influence suggest some Americans distrust scientists and may even perceive them to be a social threat. Using panel survey data, we examine who holds this viewpoint and potential implications of threat perceptions. Results suggest Republicans and Evangelical identifying individuals perceived more social threat from scientists. News media uses were associated with threat perceptions in divergent ways. Threat perceptions were strongly associated with inaccurate science beliefs, support for excluding scientists from policy-making, and retributive actions toward scientists. Findings highlight the importance of social identity considerations amid concerns about partisan social sorting and politicization of science.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"88-104"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9754657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Indicators of trustworthiness in lay-friendly research summaries: Scientificness surpasses easiness. 非专业研究摘要的可信度指标：科学性超越简易性
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231176377
Mark Jonas, Martin Kerwer, Anita Chasiotis, Tom Rosman
{"title":"Indicators of trustworthiness in lay-friendly research summaries: Scientificness surpasses easiness.","authors":"Mark Jonas, Martin Kerwer, Anita Chasiotis, Tom Rosman","doi":"10.1177/09636625231176377","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231176377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lay readers' trust in scientific texts can be shaped by perceived text easiness and scientificness. The two effects seem vital in a time of rapid science information sharing, yet have so far only been examined separately. A preregistered online study was conducted to assess them jointly, to probe for author and text trustworthiness overlap, and to investigate interindividual influences on the effects. <i>N</i> = 1467 lay readers read four short research summaries, with easiness and scientificness (high vs low) being experimentally varied. A more scientific writing style led to higher perceived author and text trustworthiness. Higher personal justification belief, lower justification by multiple-sources belief, and lower need for cognitive closure attenuated the influence of scientificness on trustworthiness. However, text easiness showed no influence on trustworthiness and no interaction with text scientificness. Implications for future studies and suggestions for enhancing the perceived trustworthiness of research summaries are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"37-57"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10756015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9580185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book review: Brandon R. Brown Sharing Our Science: How to Write and Speak STEM 书评：布兰登-R-布朗分享我们的科学：如何撰写和讲述 STEM
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231220758
Anna Maria Fleetwood
{"title":"Book review: Brandon R. Brown Sharing Our Science: How to Write and Speak STEM","authors":"Anna Maria Fleetwood","doi":"10.1177/09636625231220758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625231220758","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":"29 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139148069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book review: Public Relations and Neoliberalism: The Language Practices of Knowledge Formation 书评公共关系与新自由主义：知识形成的语言实践
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231216839
Kristian H. Nielsen
{"title":"Book review: Public Relations and Neoliberalism: The Language Practices of Knowledge Formation","authors":"Kristian H. Nielsen","doi":"10.1177/09636625231216839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625231216839","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":"75 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138979491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The invisible frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic: Examining sourcing and the underrepresentation of female expertise in pandemic news coverage. COVID-19大流行的隐形前线:研究大流行新闻报道中女性专业知识的来源和代表性不足
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-26 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231193123
Austin Y Hubner
{"title":"The invisible frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic: Examining sourcing and the underrepresentation of female expertise in pandemic news coverage.","authors":"Austin Y Hubner","doi":"10.1177/09636625231193123","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231193123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies have shown that female experts are seldom quoted within news media coverage about health and science issues. Yet, during the COVID-19 pandemic, and subsequent race for a vaccine, female health and science workers (broadly defined) were at the forefront of the discovery, testing, and implementation of several vaccinations. This study examines the extent to which female experts were represented in news coverage about the vaccine over a 2-year period in <i>The New York Times</i> (<i>n</i> = 1978). Of the expert sources quoted (3,555), the majority were male (<i>n</i> = 2417) as compared to female (<i>n</i> = 1138). This pattern held when looking specifically at researchers and medical experts. When both a male and female source were quoted, however, females were quoted first, suggesting that females were given the role of being a primary rather than supporting expert. Implications and future directions are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"1021-1032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10076879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Believing in science: Linking religious beliefs and identity with vaccination intentions and trust in science during the COVID-19 pandemic. 信仰科学:在COVID-19大流行期间，将宗教信仰和身份与疫苗接种意图和对科学的信任联系起来。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231174845
Emily Tippins, Renate Ysseldyk, Claire Peneycad, Hymie Anisman
{"title":"Believing in science: Linking religious beliefs and identity with vaccination intentions and trust in science during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Emily Tippins, Renate Ysseldyk, Claire Peneycad, Hymie Anisman","doi":"10.1177/09636625231174845","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231174845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite evidence supporting numerous scientific issues (e.g. climate change, vaccinations) many people still doubt the legitimacy of science. Moreover, individuals may be prone to scepticism about scientific findings that misalign with their ideological beliefs and identities. This research investigated whether trust in science (as well as government and media) and COVID-19 vaccination intentions varied as a function of (non)religious group identity, religiosity, religion-science compatibility beliefs, and/or political orientation in two online studies (N = 565) with university students and a Canadian community sample between January and June 2021. In both studies, vaccination intentions and trust in science varied as a function of (non)religious group identity and beliefs. Vaccine hesitancy was further linked to religiosity through a lack of trust in science. Given the ideological divides that the pandemic has exacerbated, this research has implications for informing public health strategies for relaying scientific findings to the public and encouraging vaccine uptake in culturally appropriate ways.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"1003-1020"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0e/0a/10.1177_09636625231174845.PMC10247686.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9953977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Public perceptions of climate tipping points. 公众对气候临界点的认知。
IF 4.1 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.1177/09636625231177820
Rob Bellamy
{"title":"Public perceptions of climate tipping points.","authors":"Rob Bellamy","doi":"10.1177/09636625231177820","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625231177820","url":null,"abstract":"Coverage of climate tipping points has rapidly increased over the past 20 years. Despite this upsurge, there has been precious little research into how the public perceives these abrupt and/or irreversible large-scale risks. This article provides a nationally representative view on public perceptions of climate tipping points and possible societal responses to them (n = 1773). Developing a mixed-methods survey with cultural cognition theory, it shows that awareness among the British public is low. The public is doubtful about the future effectiveness of humanity’s response to climate change in general, and significantly more doubtful about its response to tipping points specifically. Significantly more people with an egalitarian worldview judge tipping points likely to be crossed and to be a significant threat to humanity. All possible societal responses received strong support. The article ends by considering the prospects for ‘cultural tipping elements’ to tip support for climate policies across divergent cultural worldviews.","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"1033-1047"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10631267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9696406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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