Public Understanding of Science最新文献

Public understanding of preprints: How audiences make sense of unreviewed research in the news. 公众对预印本的理解：受众如何理解新闻中未经审查的研究。

IF 3.5 2区文学

Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241268881

Alice Fleerackers, Chelsea L Ratcliff, Rebekah Wicke, Andy J King, Jakob D Jensen

引用次数: 0

Towards a trusted genomics repository: Identifying commercialisation fears and preferred forms of governance across segments of the community. 建立可信的基因组学资料库：确定商业化的恐惧和社区各部分的首选管理形式。

IF 3.5 2区文学

Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241286369

Brad Elphinstone, Jarrod Walshe, Dianne Nicol, Mark Taylor

{"title":"Towards a trusted genomics repository: Identifying commercialisation fears and preferred forms of governance across segments of the community.","authors":"Brad Elphinstone, Jarrod Walshe, Dianne Nicol, Mark Taylor","doi":"10.1177/09636625241286369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625241286369","url":null,"abstract":"A latent class analysis on a nationally representative Australian sample (N = 1000) identified four subgroups (i.e. classes), ranging from high to low concern about, and willingness to donate to, a national genomic repository under different forms of public and commercial management and access. The distribution of concerns and governance preferences across these classes was investigated. This added to previous research by indicating the degree to which extant concerns (e.g. corporate profiteering, discrimination by insurers) are held by different segments of the community. Based on the governance mechanisms that had widespread support across segments, the following recommendations are made to develop a trusted Australian genomic repository: the repository cannot be solely profit-driven; can utilise an access committee; protections (e.g. ensuring confidentiality of donors) may not require new legislation; data users cannot retain data for future research; the public should remain informed about the intended and/or actual benefits of research.","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Issue ownership of science in the United States. 美国的科学所有权问题。

IF 3.5 2区文学

Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-18 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241229199

Bruce W Hardy, Meghnaa Tallapragada, Elizabeth Sungsoo Baik, Abraham Koshy

引用次数: 0

Who are the "Heroes of CRISPR"? Public science communication on Wikipedia and the challenge of micro-notability. 谁是 "CRISPR 英雄"？维基百科上的公共科学传播与微注释的挑战。

IF 3.5 2区文学

Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241229923

Arno Simons, Wolfgang Kircheis, Marion Schmidt, Martin Potthast, Benno Stein

{"title":"Who are the \"Heroes of CRISPR\"? Public science communication on Wikipedia and the challenge of micro-notability.","authors":"Arno Simons, Wolfgang Kircheis, Marion Schmidt, Martin Potthast, Benno Stein","doi":"10.1177/09636625241229923","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241229923","url":null,"abstract":"Wikipedia's influence in shaping public perceptions of science underscores the significance of scientists being recognized on the platform, as it can impact their careers. Although Wikipedia offers guidelines for determining when a scientist qualifies for their own article, it currently lacks guidance regarding whether a scientist should be acknowledged in articles related to the innovation processes to which they have contributed. To explore how Wikipedia addresses this issue of scientific \"micro-notability,\" we introduce a digital method called Name Edit Analysis, enabling us to quantitatively and qualitatively trace mentions of scientists within Wikipedia's articles. We study two CRISPR-related Wikipedia articles and find dynamic negotiations of micro-notability as well as a surprising tension between Wikipedia's principle of safeguarding against self-promotion and the scholarly norm of \"due credit.\" To reconcile this tension, we propose that Wikipedians and scientists collaborate to establish specific micro-notability guidelines that acknowledge scientific contributions while preventing excessive self-promotion.","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139991502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The acceptance of evolution: A developmental view of Generation X in the United States. 接受进化：美国 "X一代 "的发展观。

IF 3.5 2区文学

Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241234815

Jon D Miller, Belén Laspra, Carmelo Polino, Glenn Branch, Robert T Pennock, Mark S Ackerman

引用次数: 0

The four "R"s: Strategies for tailoring science for religious publics and their prices. 四个 "R"：为宗教公众量身定制科学及其价格的策略。

IF 3.5 2区文学

Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241229415

Lea Taragin-Zeller, Oren Golan, Yariv Tsfati, Nakhi Mishol Shauli, Yael Rozenblum, Ayelet Baram-Tsabari

引用次数: 0

Scientism, trust, value alignment, views of nature, and U.S. public opinion about gene drive mosquitos. 科学主义、信任、价值一致性、自然观以及美国公众对基因驱蚊器的看法。

IF 3.5 2区文学

Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241229196

John H Evans, Cynthia E Schairer

引用次数: 0

Communicating trust and trustworthiness through scientists' biographies: Benevolence beliefs. 通过科学家传记传递信任和可信度：仁慈信念。

IF 3.5 2区文学

Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-18 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241228733

Samantha Hautea, John C Besley, Hyesun Choung

{"title":"Communicating trust and trustworthiness through scientists' biographies: Benevolence beliefs.","authors":"Samantha Hautea, John C Besley, Hyesun Choung","doi":"10.1177/09636625241228733","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241228733","url":null,"abstract":"A goal of many science communicators is to foster trust in scientists and their work. This study investigates if existing textual resources that scientists create in the course of their regular activities can be improved to enhance perceptions of scientists as trustworthy. Building on Mayer et al.'s integrative model of organizational trust, we examine how communicating benevolence through short biographies can affect trustworthiness perceptions using a 3 (degree of benevolence information: high, unspecified, low) × 3 (research area: crop genetics, corn and soy genetics, biotechnology use) survey design. We find that the degree of benevolence information significantly influences perceptions of benevolence and integrity, as well as willingness to trust, with these effects being consistent across different research areas. However, the degree of benevolence communicated had no significant effect on the perceived competence of the scientists. These findings underscore the importance of highlighting benevolence in communication to positively influence trustworthiness perceptions, thus offering insights for science communication practices.","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stereotypes and social evaluations of scientists are related to different antecedents and outcomes. 对科学家的成见和社会评价与不同的前因后果有关。

IF 3.5 2区文学

Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241232097

Vukašin Gligorić, Roy Clerc, Gabi Arkensteijn, Gerben A van Kleef, Bastiaan T Rutjens

{"title":"Stereotypes and social evaluations of scientists are related to different antecedents and outcomes.","authors":"Vukašin Gligorić, Roy Clerc, Gabi Arkensteijn, Gerben A van Kleef, Bastiaan T Rutjens","doi":"10.1177/09636625241232097","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241232097","url":null,"abstract":"Research on scientist perceptions tends to focus on either stereotypes (white, male) or social evaluations (competent but cold), sometimes yielding incongruent conclusions (e.g. scientists are simultaneously seen as moral and immoral). Across two preregistered correlational studies (N = 1091), we address this issue by simultaneously assessing stereotypes and social evaluations and their association with two key outcomes: trust in scientists and science career appeal. We find that stereotypes and social evaluations are distinct types of perceptions-they correlate slightly, stem from different worldviews, and predict partially different outcomes. While western enculturation and religiosity predict stereotypes, right-wing political ideology negatively relates to social evaluations. Stereotypes are associated with lower science career appeal among stereotype-incongruent individuals, while social evaluations predict more trust in scientists and higher science career appeal. This work thus sheds light on the psychological pathways to trust in scientists, as well as on the perceived appeal of becoming a scientist.","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11459872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140066009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How generative artificial intelligence portrays science: Interviewing ChatGPT from the perspective of different audience segments. 生成式人工智能如何描绘科学：从不同受众群体的角度采访 ChatGPT。

IF 3.5 2区文学

Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241268910

Sophia Charlotte Volk, Mike S Schäfer, Damiano Lombardi, Daniela Mahl, Xiaoyue Yan

{"title":"How generative artificial intelligence portrays science: Interviewing ChatGPT from the perspective of different audience segments.","authors":"Sophia Charlotte Volk, Mike S Schäfer, Damiano Lombardi, Daniela Mahl, Xiaoyue Yan","doi":"10.1177/09636625241268910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625241268910","url":null,"abstract":"Generative artificial intelligence in general and ChatGPT in particular have risen in importance. ChatGPT is widely known and used increasingly as an information source for different topics, including science. It is therefore relevant to examine how ChatGPT portrays science and science-related issues. Research on this question is lacking, however. Hence, we simulate \"interviews\" with ChatGPT and reconstruct how it presents science, science communication, scientific misbehavior, and controversial scientific issues. Combining qualitative and quantitative content analysis, we find that, generally, ChatGPT portrays science largely as the STEM disciplines, in a positivist-empiricist way and a positive light. When comparing ChatGPT's responses to different simulated user profiles and responses from the GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 versions, we find similarities in that the scientific consensus on questions such as climate change, COVID-19 vaccinations, or astrology is consistently conveyed across them. Beyond these similarities in substance, however, pronounced differences are found in the personalization of responses to different user profiles and between GPT-3.5 and GPT-4.","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0