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Public Understanding of Science最新文献

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A matter of right or wrong: Divisive attributes of moralized science and technology attitudes. 对与错的问题：道德科学和技术态度的分裂属性。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241304058
Robin Bayes
{"title":"A matter of right or wrong: Divisive attributes of moralized science and technology attitudes.","authors":"Robin Bayes","doi":"10.1177/09636625241304058","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241304058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, scholars have theorized that one factor enflaming public divides over science and technology is moralization: an individual's perception that their position on an issue is rooted in fundamental moral right and wrong. In this article, I provide evidence for this proposition across five pre-registered hypotheses about the divisive attributes of moralized attitudes in the context of science and technology. Using public opinion data in the United States on three issues-combating climate change, developing gene editing therapies for humans, and labeling genetically modified food-this study demonstrates that moralized attitudes have the potential to exacerbate resistance to scientific evidence and hostility between those with opposing positions. These findings provide strong proof of concept that studying variation in the degree to which individuals moralize issues is an important future direction for understanding persistent public divides over science and technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"571-579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID scientists as rhetorical citizens: Persuasive op-eds and public debate over science policy. COVID科学家是修辞公民：关于科学政策的有说服力的专栏和公开辩论。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241304064
Collin Syfert, Leah Ceccarelli
{"title":"COVID scientists as rhetorical citizens: Persuasive op-eds and public debate over science policy.","authors":"Collin Syfert, Leah Ceccarelli","doi":"10.1177/09636625241304064","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241304064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To discover the means of persuasion available to experts who embrace the responsibility of public communication in times of crisis, this study uses a text/countertext method of rhetorical analysis on U.S. newspaper editorials by scientists writing about COVID-19 policy. Model arguments to opposition audiences on pandemic restrictions and vaccine policy were selected for close reading. We examined how writers in a pro-con debate in a centrist newspaper appealed mainly to like-minded readers, failing to make arguments designed to change the opinions of those who did not already agree with them. The lack of rhetorical sensitivity in these editorials suggests a need for scientists to better utilize existing resources of language and argument when addressing opposition audiences. Exemplary editorials to opposition audiences in right-leaning and left-leaning newspapers were then examined to illustrate more promising strategies of public persuasion in highly partisan times.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"556-570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The perception and use of generative AI for science-related information search: Insights from a cross-national study. 生成式人工智能在科学相关信息搜索中的感知和使用：来自跨国研究的见解。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241308493
Esther Greussing, Lars Guenther, Ayelet Baram-Tsabari, Shakked Dabran-Zivan, Evelyn Jonas, Inbal Klein-Avraham, Monika Taddicken, Torben Esbo Agergaard, Becca Beets, Dominique Brossard, Anwesha Chakraborty, Antoinette Fage-Butler, Chun-Ju Huang, Siddharth Kankaria, Yin-Yueh Lo, Kristian H Nielsen, Michelle Riedlinger, Hyunjin Song
{"title":"The perception and use of generative AI for science-related information search: Insights from a cross-national study.","authors":"Esther Greussing, Lars Guenther, Ayelet Baram-Tsabari, Shakked Dabran-Zivan, Evelyn Jonas, Inbal Klein-Avraham, Monika Taddicken, Torben Esbo Agergaard, Becca Beets, Dominique Brossard, Anwesha Chakraborty, Antoinette Fage-Butler, Chun-Ju Huang, Siddharth Kankaria, Yin-Yueh Lo, Kristian H Nielsen, Michelle Riedlinger, Hyunjin Song","doi":"10.1177/09636625241308493","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241308493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Publicly accessible large language models like ChatGPT are emerging as novel information intermediaries, enabling easy access to a wide range of science-related information. This study presents survey data from seven countries (<i>N</i> = 4320) obtained in July and August 2023, focusing on the perception and use of GenAI for science-related information search. Despite the novelty of ChatGPT, a sizable proportion of respondents already reported using it to access science-related information. In addition, the study explores how these users perceive ChatGPT compared with traditional types of information intermediaries (e.g. Google Search), their knowledge of, and trust in GenAI, compared with nonusers as well as compared with those who use ChatGPT for other purposes. Overall, this study provides insights into the perception and use of GenAI at an early stage of adoption, advancing our understanding of how this emerging technology shapes public understanding of science issues as an information intermediary.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"599-615"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of scientific conspiracy theories on scepticism towards biotechnologies. 科学阴谋论对生物技术怀疑论的影响。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241300896
Mathew D Marques, John R Kerr, Arthur A Stukas, Jim McLennan
{"title":"The effect of scientific conspiracy theories on scepticism towards biotechnologies.","authors":"Mathew D Marques, John R Kerr, Arthur A Stukas, Jim McLennan","doi":"10.1177/09636625241300896","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241300896","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many conspiracy theories implicate scientists and science. We investigated the impact of exposure to scientific conspiracies about biotechnologies. Across three preregistered online studies (<i>N</i>s = 1,000), participants who read information about conspiracies involving agribiotechnology companies or biobank scientists were more likely to endorse conspiracies. Other effects of exposure to conspiracy information were mixed. In Study 1, reading about an agricultural biotechnology conspiracy had a small significant effect on reducing intentions to eat genetically modified food. In Study 2, exposure to a conspiracy involving biobank scientists decreased support for biobanks, mediated by decreased trust in biobank scientists. In Study 3, this conspiracy had no effect on wider beliefs of the role of science in society (science populism), nor support of genetically modified food-promoting policies. Overall, we found that exposure to conspiracies involving scientific claims increased conspiracy belief endorsement and can further negative effects. However, the effects of conspiracies on science populism appear limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"646-664"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chinese public risk perception and acceptance of Facial Recognition Technology applied in law enforcement. 中国公众对面部识别技术应用于执法的风险认知和接受程度。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241300894
Min Wang, Kunran Zhang, Haomiao Xu
{"title":"Chinese public risk perception and acceptance of Facial Recognition Technology applied in law enforcement.","authors":"Min Wang, Kunran Zhang, Haomiao Xu","doi":"10.1177/09636625241300894","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241300894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study integrates the Perceived Risk Theory and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, along with factors such as trust and procedural legitimacy, to assess the Chinese public's risk perception and acceptance of Facial Recognition Technology (FRT) in law enforcement. Analyzing 1,561 valid questionnaires collected from February to July 2023, the results demonstrate that trust and procedural legitimacy positively influence public acceptance of FRT. Trust also mediates the effects of perceived privacy and functional risks on FRT acceptance. Privacy and social risks deter public acceptance, while functional risks surprisingly show positive effects. The study identifies a descending order of negative impact among these risk categories. In addition, the convenience, location and purpose of FRT use, and the severity of crimes it targets significantly delineate public acceptance boundaries, reflecting a consequentialist approach to technology ethics that prioritizes utility and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"580-598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Motivation, self-determination, and reflexivity of researchers in comedic public engagement. 喜剧公众参与中研究人员的动机、自我决定和反身性。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241291464
Áine Gallagher, Claudia Fracchiolla, Jessamyn A Fairfield
{"title":"Motivation, self-determination, and reflexivity of researchers in comedic public engagement.","authors":"Áine Gallagher, Claudia Fracchiolla, Jessamyn A Fairfield","doi":"10.1177/09636625241291464","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241291464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding motivation and impact of participation in public engagement programs is crucial for fostering dialogue between researchers and the public. Using Self-Determination Theory and Reflexive Thematic Analysis, in this study we analyzed motivation and impact on identity of researchers participating in Bright Club Ireland, a public engagement project where academic researchers learn to use stand-up comedy as an informal and accessible means of communicating their research, then perform at a public-facing variety night alongside professional comedians. Through semi-structured interviews and focus groups, we found that participation in Bright Club is largely intrinsically motivated, driven by researchers' desire to gain skills, be recognized as experts, and present their own perspectives on their disciplines. These findings shed light on how participation in public engagement can promote a sense of autonomy, competence, and relatedness among researchers, and highlight the role of creative expression in facilitating reflection and growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"628-645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rapidly diverging public trust in science in the United States. 美国公众对科学的信任迅速分化。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-07 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241302970
Manjana Milkoreit, E Keith Smith
{"title":"Rapidly diverging public trust in science in the United States.","authors":"Manjana Milkoreit, E Keith Smith","doi":"10.1177/09636625241302970","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241302970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trust in science is crucial to resolving societal problems. Americans across political ideologies have high levels of trust in science-a stable pattern observed over the past 50 years. Yet, trust in science varies by individual and group characteristics and faces several threats, from political actors, increased political polarization, or global crises. We revisit historical trends of trust in science among Americans by political orientation. We find steadily diverging trends by political views since the 1990s, and a drastically and rapidly opening gap since 2018. Recent unprecedented changes are driven not only by decreases in trust among conservatives but also by increases among liberals. Existing theoretical accounts do not fully explain these patterns. Diverging attitudes toward the institution of science can diminish capacity for collective problem-solving, eroding the shared foundation for decision-making and political discourse.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"616-627"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of epistemic beliefs, science populism, and social media use on climate change misperceptions. 认知信念、科学民粹主义和社交媒体使用对气候变化误解的影响。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-06-29 DOI: 10.1177/09636625251343510
Ming Bryan Wang, Heather Akin
{"title":"Effects of epistemic beliefs, science populism, and social media use on climate change misperceptions.","authors":"Ming Bryan Wang, Heather Akin","doi":"10.1177/09636625251343510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625251343510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While much research has revealed the prevalence of climate change misinformation on social media, there is no conclusive evidence about its impact on cultivating public misperceptions. Even less work has been done to examine how social media use may condition the relationships between cognitive orientations, such as epistemic and science populism beliefs, and climate change misperceptions. This study fills this gap by analyzing data from a national representative survey of 1405 US adults. Results confirmed the relationships between cognitive orientations and climate change misperceptions. While neither mainstream nor alternative social media use had a direct impact, both types of social media use conditioned the relationships between cognitive orientations and climate change misperceptions. This study's findings suggest that social media use's adverse impact on climate change misperceptions may have been overstated.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"9636625251343510"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contesting state expertise after COVID-19. COVID-19后国家专业知识的竞争。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-06-29 DOI: 10.1177/09636625251347063
Gabriel V Lévesque
{"title":"Contesting state expertise after COVID-19.","authors":"Gabriel V Lévesque","doi":"10.1177/09636625251347063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625251347063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent research examines how the transformational experience of the COVID-19 pandemic reshapes trust in science, expertise and public institutions in its aftermath. This article extends this scholarship by asking how the transformation of societal norms about expertise induced by the pandemic experience shapes social movements that contest state expertise. Using interview data with participants from an ongoing environmental health mobilization in Rouyn-Noranda (Quebec, Canada), this article highlights how participants negotiate their precarious status as challengers of expertise in a post-COVID world. First, I examine the direct and indirect evidence of politicized expertise that participants draw on to motivate their distrust. Second, I show how participants negotiate the boundary between claims of COVID-related groups labeled as conspiracist and their own. Overall, this article contributes to better understanding how mobilized citizens navigate changing norms around trust in science.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"9636625251347063"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Make America quiet again: Achieving socially robust knowledge on noise pollution through citizen science. 让美国再次安静：通过公民科学获得关于噪音污染的社会知识。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1177/09636625251338190
Kirsten R Vegt, Janneke E Elberse, Bastiaan T Rutjens, Laurens K Hessels
{"title":"Make America quiet again: Achieving socially robust knowledge on noise pollution through citizen science.","authors":"Kirsten R Vegt, Janneke E Elberse, Bastiaan T Rutjens, Laurens K Hessels","doi":"10.1177/09636625251338190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625251338190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Socially robust knowledge is scientific knowledge accepted by society for its contextual relevance. Citizen science, involving non-professional scientists, offers a promising approach to developing such knowledge. This study examines how citizen science fosters socially robust knowledge through a case-study on noise pollution's impact on health and well-being in the Dutch village of America. Citizen scientists partnered with researchers of the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment to study train noise, employing diverse data-collection methods. Interviews with participants revealed trust in this approach and outcomes, contrasting with conventional noise-pollution research. The integration of extended expertise and real-world context, coupled with the project's iterative feedback loop, ensured that findings were accurate and locally relevant. This case-study underscores citizen science's potential to create relevant and adaptable policy-relevant science, offering concrete insights into the key elements that contribute to the social robustness of scientific outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"9636625251338190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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