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Public Understanding of Science最新文献

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Science capital: Results from a Finnish population survey. 科学之都：芬兰人口调查的结果。
IF 3.3 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241310756
Johanna K Kaakinen, Sari Havu-Nuutinen, Tuomo Häikiö, Hanna Julku, Teija Koskela, Mirjamaija Mikkilä-Erdmann, Milla Pihlajamäki, Daria Pritup, Kirsi Pulkkinen, Katri Saarikivi, Jaana Simola, Valtteri Wikström
{"title":"Science capital: Results from a Finnish population survey.","authors":"Johanna K Kaakinen, Sari Havu-Nuutinen, Tuomo Häikiö, Hanna Julku, Teija Koskela, Mirjamaija Mikkilä-Erdmann, Milla Pihlajamäki, Daria Pritup, Kirsi Pulkkinen, Katri Saarikivi, Jaana Simola, Valtteri Wikström","doi":"10.1177/09636625241310756","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241310756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined science capital among Finnish adults (<i>N</i> = 1572), who responded to 37 survey items assessing science capital. Factor analysis suggested four science capital dimensions: visiting science-related places, science attitudes, science-related self-efficacy, and early support for studying natural sciences. Higher education and higher parental education were linked to higher science capital across all dimensions. Older participants exhibited lower science-related self-efficacy, less early support, and more negative science attitudes than younger respondents. Age and education were stronger predictors of science-related self-efficacy and early encouragement for men than women, and mothers' education had a weaker effect on science-related self-efficacy for men. The results show that science capital is a multidimensional construct and highlights that younger generations in Finland have had more opportunities to develop their science capital. These findings emphasize the need for early and equitable support to foster positive science attitudes and participation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"770-790"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12274560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Balancing relevance and rigor: Analyzing a quarter century of issue-case selection in science communication research. 平衡相关性和严谨性：分析科学传播研究中四分之一世纪的问题-案例选择。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/09636625251330197
Michael A Xenos, Sedona Chinn, Hannah Monroe
{"title":"Balancing relevance and rigor: Analyzing a quarter century of issue-case selection in science communication research.","authors":"Michael A Xenos, Sedona Chinn, Hannah Monroe","doi":"10.1177/09636625251330197","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625251330197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research in science communication is often grounded in specific issue contexts. Although many strands of science communication scholarship consider general concepts or processes, the selection of issue areas in which to ground science communication research is a common activity for researchers at all levels. Despite this, explicit consideration of issue-case selection practices is less common. In this article, we seek to stimulate greater discussion of issue-case selection practices and their implications for science communication as a field. To do so, we conducted a content analysis of abstracts for papers published in two major science communication journals from the mid-1990s to mid-2021. Drawing on this analysis, as well as relevant discussions of issue-case selection practices across the social sciences, we offer three concrete suggestions for issue selection that we hope stimulate greater consideration of these practices and their implications for the development of science communication as a field.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"700-716"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
'It benefits every moment': Understandings of and engagements in science-related practices in everyday life. “每时每刻都受益”：对日常生活中与科学相关的实践的理解和参与。
IF 3.3 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-26 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241309055
Kaisa Torkkeli, Milla Karvonen, Daria Pritup, Johanna Enqvist
{"title":"'It benefits every moment': Understandings of and engagements in science-related practices in everyday life.","authors":"Kaisa Torkkeli, Milla Karvonen, Daria Pritup, Johanna Enqvist","doi":"10.1177/09636625241309055","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241309055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drawing from science capital research and applying current practice theory, this study sheds light on people's perceptions of science and science-related practices in their everyday lives. The study develops a practice theoretical approach to examine understandings and engagements embedded in socially shared everyday science-related practices. The analysis of 51 interviews with Finnish people aged 20 to 88 with varied educational and socio-economic backgrounds brings participants' voices into a discussion. The findings suggest that science is understood as a generally valuable all-compassing phenomenon offering a means to explain the world and address complex issues. Participants commonly reported engaging with science in their professional lives, regardless of their educational background or employment status. However, most interviewees implied a lack of confidence to engage in science due to the perceived norms of institutionalised science. This study reveals the need for more critical reflection on the approaches of science-promoting practitioners to advance science engagement.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"791-809"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12274555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contested science communication: Representations of scientists and their science in newspaper articles and the associated comment sections. 有争议的科学传播：科学家及其科学在报纸文章和相关评论部分的表现。
IF 3.3 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/09636625251325453
Katrine K Donois, Lewis Goodings, Mick Finlay, Nicola Gibson
{"title":"Contested science communication: Representations of scientists and their science in newspaper articles and the associated comment sections.","authors":"Katrine K Donois, Lewis Goodings, Mick Finlay, Nicola Gibson","doi":"10.1177/09636625251325453","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625251325453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This qualitative study uses inductive thematic analysis to investigate how journalists and their readers perceive scientists. The data-driven approach was applied to 84 articles (reporting on the contested science issues of climate change, vaccines, or genetically modified organisms (GMOs)) and their associated comment sections. Two dominant groups were observed: the pro-science group (consisting of commentators and journalists) and the contra-science group (nearly exclusively commentators). The identified themes show that both groups represent scientists and their science in a particular and similar way across the three contested science topics. These representations are used to justify both support and opposition (e.g., each group refers to scientists' motives; however, they express this theme differently by either describing scientists' actions as born out of a desire to help or out of arrogance). Understanding how non-experts perceive scientists could help improve science communication, which may be the first step toward decreasing societal polarization over contested science.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":"34 6","pages":"810-828"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12274558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144668743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When AI sees hotter: Overestimation bias in large language model climate assessments. 当人工智能看到更热：大型语言模型气候评估中的高估偏差。
IF 3.5 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-13 DOI: 10.1177/09636625251351575
Tenzin Tamang, Ruilin Zheng
{"title":"When AI sees hotter: Overestimation bias in large language model climate assessments.","authors":"Tenzin Tamang, Ruilin Zheng","doi":"10.1177/09636625251351575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625251351575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a novel form of media, capable of generating human-like text and facilitating interactive communications. However, these systems are subject to concerns regarding inherent biases, as their training on vast text corpora may encode and amplify societal biases. This study investigates overestimation bias in LLM-generated climate assessments, wherein the impacts of climate change are exaggerated relative to expert consensus. Through non-parametric statistical methods, the study compares expert ratings from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2023 Synthesis Report with responses from GPT-family LLMs. Results indicate that LLMs systematically overestimate climate change impacts, and that this bias is more pronounced when the models are prompted in the role of a climate scientist. These findings underscore the critical need to align LLM-generated climate assessments with expert consensus to prevent misperception and foster informed public discourse.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"9636625251351575"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sociotechnical imaginaries of gene editing in food and agriculture: A comparative content analysis of mass media in the United States, New Zealand, Japan, the Netherlands, and Canada. 基因编辑在食品和农业中的社会技术想象：对美国、新西兰、日本、荷兰和加拿大大众媒体内容的比较分析。
IF 3.3 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241287392
Ashmita Das, Diana Cordoba, Silje Kristiansen, Sara Velardi, Anke Wonneberger, Tomiko Yamaguchi, Theresa Selfa
{"title":"Sociotechnical imaginaries of gene editing in food and agriculture: A comparative content analysis of mass media in the United States, New Zealand, Japan, the Netherlands, and Canada.","authors":"Ashmita Das, Diana Cordoba, Silje Kristiansen, Sara Velardi, Anke Wonneberger, Tomiko Yamaguchi, Theresa Selfa","doi":"10.1177/09636625241287392","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241287392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sociotechnical imaginaries of gene editing in food and agriculture reflect and shape culturally particular understandings of what role technology should play in an ideal agrifood future. This study employs a comparative media content analysis to identify sociotechnical imaginaries of agricultural gene editing and the actors who perform them in five countries with contrasting regulatory and cultural contexts: Canada, Japan, New Zealand, the Netherlands, and the United States. We find that news media in these countries reinforce a predominantly positive portrayal of the technology's future, although variations in which imaginaries are most mobilized exist based on the regulatory status of gene editing and unique histories of civil society engagement around biotechnology in each country. We argue that by granting legitimacy to some narratives over others, the media supports gene editing as a desirable and necessary component of future agrifood systems, thereby limiting consideration of broader issues related to the technology's development and application.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"665-689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A matter of right or wrong: Divisive attributes of moralized science and technology attitudes. 对与错的问题：道德科学和技术态度的分裂属性。
IF 3.3 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241304058
Robin Bayes
{"title":"A matter of right or wrong: Divisive attributes of moralized science and technology attitudes.","authors":"Robin Bayes","doi":"10.1177/09636625241304058","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241304058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, scholars have theorized that one factor enflaming public divides over science and technology is moralization: an individual's perception that their position on an issue is rooted in fundamental moral right and wrong. In this article, I provide evidence for this proposition across five pre-registered hypotheses about the divisive attributes of moralized attitudes in the context of science and technology. Using public opinion data in the United States on three issues-combating climate change, developing gene editing therapies for humans, and labeling genetically modified food-this study demonstrates that moralized attitudes have the potential to exacerbate resistance to scientific evidence and hostility between those with opposing positions. These findings provide strong proof of concept that studying variation in the degree to which individuals moralize issues is an important future direction for understanding persistent public divides over science and technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"571-579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When the future of science journalism looked bright: The first Ibero-American Congress of Science Journalism (Venezuela, 1974) and its role in strengthening the profession. 当科学新闻的未来看起来光明时：第一届伊比利亚-美洲科学新闻大会（委内瑞拉，1974年）及其在加强这一职业方面的作用。
IF 3.3 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241300392
Luisa Massarani, Danilo Magalhães
{"title":"When the future of science journalism looked bright: The first Ibero-American Congress of Science Journalism (Venezuela, 1974) and its role in strengthening the profession.","authors":"Luisa Massarani, Danilo Magalhães","doi":"10.1177/09636625241300392","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241300392","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"690-698"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID scientists as rhetorical citizens: Persuasive op-eds and public debate over science policy. COVID科学家是修辞公民：关于科学政策的有说服力的专栏和公开辩论。
IF 3.3 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241304064
Collin Syfert, Leah Ceccarelli
{"title":"COVID scientists as rhetorical citizens: Persuasive op-eds and public debate over science policy.","authors":"Collin Syfert, Leah Ceccarelli","doi":"10.1177/09636625241304064","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241304064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To discover the means of persuasion available to experts who embrace the responsibility of public communication in times of crisis, this study uses a text/countertext method of rhetorical analysis on U.S. newspaper editorials by scientists writing about COVID-19 policy. Model arguments to opposition audiences on pandemic restrictions and vaccine policy were selected for close reading. We examined how writers in a pro-con debate in a centrist newspaper appealed mainly to like-minded readers, failing to make arguments designed to change the opinions of those who did not already agree with them. The lack of rhetorical sensitivity in these editorials suggests a need for scientists to better utilize existing resources of language and argument when addressing opposition audiences. Exemplary editorials to opposition audiences in right-leaning and left-leaning newspapers were then examined to illustrate more promising strategies of public persuasion in highly partisan times.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"556-570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The perception and use of generative AI for science-related information search: Insights from a cross-national study. 生成式人工智能在科学相关信息搜索中的感知和使用：来自跨国研究的见解。
IF 3.3 2区 文学
Public Understanding of Science Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241308493
Esther Greussing, Lars Guenther, Ayelet Baram-Tsabari, Shakked Dabran-Zivan, Evelyn Jonas, Inbal Klein-Avraham, Monika Taddicken, Torben Esbo Agergaard, Becca Beets, Dominique Brossard, Anwesha Chakraborty, Antoinette Fage-Butler, Chun-Ju Huang, Siddharth Kankaria, Yin-Yueh Lo, Kristian H Nielsen, Michelle Riedlinger, Hyunjin Song
{"title":"The perception and use of generative AI for science-related information search: Insights from a cross-national study.","authors":"Esther Greussing, Lars Guenther, Ayelet Baram-Tsabari, Shakked Dabran-Zivan, Evelyn Jonas, Inbal Klein-Avraham, Monika Taddicken, Torben Esbo Agergaard, Becca Beets, Dominique Brossard, Anwesha Chakraborty, Antoinette Fage-Butler, Chun-Ju Huang, Siddharth Kankaria, Yin-Yueh Lo, Kristian H Nielsen, Michelle Riedlinger, Hyunjin Song","doi":"10.1177/09636625241308493","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09636625241308493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Publicly accessible large language models like ChatGPT are emerging as novel information intermediaries, enabling easy access to a wide range of science-related information. This study presents survey data from seven countries (<i>N</i> = 4320) obtained in July and August 2023, focusing on the perception and use of GenAI for science-related information search. Despite the novelty of ChatGPT, a sizable proportion of respondents already reported using it to access science-related information. In addition, the study explores how these users perceive ChatGPT compared with traditional types of information intermediaries (e.g. Google Search), their knowledge of, and trust in GenAI, compared with nonusers as well as compared with those who use ChatGPT for other purposes. Overall, this study provides insights into the perception and use of GenAI at an early stage of adoption, advancing our understanding of how this emerging technology shapes public understanding of science issues as an information intermediary.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"599-615"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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