Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM最新文献

{"title":"The use of birefringence for human spermatozoa selection before intracytoplasmic sperm injection to improve artificial reproductive technology outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Fatemeh Dehghanpour, Ali Nabi, Hossein Fallahzadeh","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2024.07745","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2024.07745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In an era where male infertility poses significant challenges for many couples, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is becoming increasingly common. Microscopic evaluation of sperm head morphology can contribute to the development of healthier embryos. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. A meta-analysis was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) for randomized controlled trials. Eligible studies were selected based on the PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison/Comparator, Outcomes, Study type) model. The pregnancy outcomes considered after artificial reproductive technology (ART) procedures included the fertilization rate (FR), high-quality embryo rate (HQER), implantation rate (IR), and clinical pregnancy rate (CPR). This study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023423108). Of 105 records evaluated, three studies met the inclusion criteria. Our analysis indicated that birefringence sperm selection significantly improved HQER and IR after ART, although no significant differences were observed for FR and CPR. The use of birefringence for sperm selection in ICSI cycles may represent a straightforward strategy to improve ART outcomes, particularly for couples with abnormal sperm parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":"97-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aneuploidy rates and clinical outcomes in vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer cycles: comparison of biopsy at fresh blastocyst versus vitrified-warmed blastocyst.","authors":"Jun Woo Kim, Sooyoung Jeong, Jinkyung Ko, Jiyoung Ann, Chang Young Hur, Jin Ho Lim","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07850","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare aneuploidy rates and clinical outcomes between trophectoderm biopsy at fresh blastocyst (biopsy-fresh) followed by vitrification and biopsy at vitrified-warmed blastocyst (biopsy-vitri) followed by next day transfer (without re-vitrification).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 844 patients undergoing 844 cycles conducted from August 2019 to December 2023. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) was performed via trophectoderm biopsy using array comparative genomic hybridization or next-generation sequencing for comprehensive 24-chromosome screening. Patients were divided into two groups based on the blastocyst status at the time of biopsy: the biopsy-fresh group (531 patients) and the biopsy-vitri group (313 patients).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the biopsy-fresh group compared to the biopsy-vitri group (58.7% vs. 45.6%; odds ratio [OR], 1.695; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.215 to 2.364; p=0.002). Furthermore, the biopsy-fresh group showed higher implantation rates (45.6% vs. 32.1%; OR, 1.767; 95% CI, 1.274 to 2.451; p=0.002), ongoing pregnancy or live birth rates per cycle (48.0% vs. 35.8%; OR, 1.652; 95% CI, 1.177 to 2.319; p=0.004), and rates of good-quality blastocysts (57.1% vs. 32.1%, p<0.001) compared with the biopsy-vitri group. Miscarriage rates did not differ significantly between the groups (18.2% vs. 21.4%; OR, 0.818; 95% CI, 0.457 to 1.465; p=0.501).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Biopsy at fresh blastocyst demonstrated superior clinical outcomes compared with biopsy at vitrified-warmed blastocyst, likely due to better embryo quality. Both biopsy at fresh blastocyst and vitrified-warmed blastocyst remain viable options for PGT-A, with biopsy at vitrified-warmed blastocyst serving as a practical alternative. Embryo quality and euploid status continue to be critical considerations for embryo transfer selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":"121-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145764035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison between the assisted reproductive technology outcomes of using two media during sperm microinjection: A bicarbonate medium (one-step) vs. a HEPES-buffered medium (SynVitro Flush).","authors":"Akram Hosseini, Zahra Borzouei, Elham Naghshineh, Hatav Ghasemi Tehrani, Mahboubeh Vatanparast","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07871","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hydroxyethyl piperazine ethane sulfonic acid (HEPES)-buffered media have long been employed in assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures; however, concerns persist regarding the impact of zwitterionic buffers on intrinsic cellular mechanisms. Limited studies have compared ART outcomes using bicarbonate media versus HEPES-buffered media during intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). This study compared the efficacy of two media used in ICSI: bicarbonate medium (one-step) and HEPES-buffered medium (SynVitro Flush).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed data from 200 ICSI cycles performed in 2023. Metaphase II oocytes were allocated to a bicarbonate medium (SAGE 1-STEP; Origio) or a HEPES-buffered medium (SynVitro Flush) during the ICSI procedure. Outcomes including fertilization rate, embryo quality and development, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, and live birth rate were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fertilization rate was significantly higher in the one-step medium (89.04%) than in the SynVitro medium (82.30%; p<0.001). The one-step medium also yielded more cleaved embryos and higher-quality blastocysts (class A/B; p<0.05). Consequently, more embryos were frozen in the one-step group (264 vs. 151), and higher embryo utilization rates were observed. Clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were significantly higher in the one-step group (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in chemical pregnancy rates or live birth rates among cycles utilizing frozen embryos (p>0.05). Additionally, there were no differences observed in miscarriage rates or multiple pregnancy rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The one-step bicarbonate medium improved cycle efficiency during the ICSI procedure compared to the SynVitro Flush medium. This finding underscores the importance of selecting an appropriate medium.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":"106-114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the timing of testicular sperm retrieval on intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes.","authors":"Tae Ho Hwang, Jae Kyun Park, Dong Hyuk Shin, Won Hee Lee, Ye Eun Kim, Yohan Heo, Tae Ho Lee, Seung-Ryeol Lee, Seung-Hun Song","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07962","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate reproductive outcomes according to the timing of testicular sperm retrieval.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 282 infertile couples divided into three groups: group A (freeze-thawed testicular sperm extraction [TESE] sperm, n=233), group B (fresh TESE sperm collected 1 day before ovum pickup, n=22), and group C (fresh TESE sperm collected on the same day as ovum pickup, n=27). The indications for TESE were surgically uncorrectable azoospermia or ejaculation failure, often accompanied by medical comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and spinal cord injury. The outcome parameters assessed were fertilization rates, embryo quality, and clinical pregnancy rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean paternal age was 36.8±5.7 years, and the mean maternal age was 32.6±3.5 years. The mean duration of infertility was 2.9±1.8 years. The fertilization rates were 70.7%, 78.9%, and 73.0% for groups A, B, and C, respectively (p=0.047). The percentages of good-quality embryos were 68.2%, 65.3%, and 48.4%, respectively (p=0.007); specifically, the percentage of good-quality embryos was significantly lower in group C compared with the other two groups. Clinical pregnancy rates per transfer were similar at 51.1%, 50.0%, and 48.1% (p=0.958), with no differences observed in miscarriage rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Testicular sperm retrieval can be safely performed 1 day before ovum pickup, resulting in favorable fertility outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":"115-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145490700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of quercetin-loaded nanoselenium on spermatogenesis in a mouse model of cyclophosphamide-induced testicular damage.","authors":"Mahsa Ghaffari Novin, Marefat Ghaffari Novin, Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar, Pourya Raee, Ali Moradi, Hamidreza Mosleh, Hamid Nazarian, Zahra Shams Mofarahe","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07801","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cyclophosphamide (CP), a chemotherapeutic agent, has been shown to inhibit spermatogenesis. Accordingly, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate the potential therapeutic benefits of quercetin‑loaded nanoselenium (quercetin‑loaded selenium nanoparticles [SeNPs]) in mice treated with CP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty‑five adult male mice were randomly assigned to five groups (n=7 per group): control, quercetin‑loaded SeNPs (20 mg/kg, daily for 5 weeks), CP (200 mg/kg, single dose), treatment A (CP+quercetin‑loaded SeNPs), and treatment B (CP+quercetin, 20 mg/kg daily for 5 weeks). Sperm parameters, DNA fragmentation index, catalase activity, levels of glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulfide (GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated in all groups, along with histological assessments of testicular tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In CP‑treated mice, administration of quercetin‑loaded SeNPs (treatment A) significantly improved sperm parameters, including total count, motility, morphology, and DNA integrity. Treatment also markedly increased the numbers of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, spermatids, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells in testicular tissue. Furthermore, treatment with quercetin‑loaded SeNPs resulted in a significant increase in catalase activity and GSH levels while significantly reducing GSSG, MDA, and ROS levels in CP‑induced testicular damage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that quercetin‑loaded SeNPs enhance spermatogenesis in a CP‑induced mouse model by improving the antioxidant profile and testicular stereological parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":"162-172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anogenital distance in patients with Klinefelter syndrome.","authors":"Hakkı Uzun, Merve Hüner Yigit, Görkem Akça, Erdem Orman, Yakup Kaçan, Berat Sönmez","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.08109","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2025.08109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Anogenital distance (AGD) is a sexually dimorphic marker of genital development and fetal androgen activity. Shortened AGD has been linked to impaired male fertility. The distinct phenotypic and reproductive characteristics associated with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) may influence AGD. This study aimed to investigate AGD measurements in men with KS and evaluate their clinical significance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted involving 87 male participants categorized into three groups: normospermic (n=51), KS (n=18), and idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia (iNOA; n=21). AGD was measured as the anoscrotal distance (AGDAS) using a digital caliper. Physical and hormonal evaluations, semen analyses, and karyotyping were performed. Group differences were analyzed using analysis of variance with post hoc testing, and Pearson correlations were calculated between AGD and clinical variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AGD measurements differed significantly between groups (F(2,87)=15.2, p<0.0005). AGD was longer in the normospermic group compared to the iNOA group (p<0.0005) and longer in the KS group than in the iNOA group (p=0.015). No significant difference was observed between normospermic and KS groups (p=0.153). Hormonal analyses showed lower testosterone and estradiol levels in KS patients compared to iNOA. Correlation analyses did not identify significant associations between AGD and clinical or hormonal parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AGD in men with KS is comparable to normospermic individuals and longer than in iNOA patients. In clinical assessments, the presence of small testes in individuals with AGD measurements similar to normospermic men may raise suspicion for KS.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":"155-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145490678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effects of Origanum vulgare L. leaf aqueous extract on spermatogenesis in testopathy induced by cisplatin chemotherapy: An experimental study.","authors":"Mahin Dehestani Ardakani, Hassan Morovvati, Amir Abdolmaleki","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07920","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cisplatin, a widely used chemotherapy agent, is known to induce testopathy and degeneration of the germinal epithelium (GE). Origanum vulgare L. (OV) leaf extract, due to its antioxidative properties, may alleviate such cellular damage. This experimental study was conducted to evaluate the protective and therapeutic effects of OV against cisplatin-induced testopathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-eight male Naval Medical Research Institute mice were assigned to six groups. Testopathy was induced via intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (single dose, 1 mg/kg on day 0). OV was administered as treatment (400 mg/kg orally, 5 days per week, for 5 weeks). Phytochemical screening of OV was also performed. After the experimental period, the animals were euthanized, and both blood serum and testicular samples were collected. Total body weight and total testicular weight were measured. Histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin staining (to assess the gonadosomatic index [GSI]) and immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) protein were conducted. Expression levels of the p53 and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) genes, as well as serum testosterone levels, were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS ver.16, and significance was set at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A phytochemical analysis of OV confirmed the presence of antioxidant compounds. Cisplatin administration resulted in significant detrimental alterations in testicular tissue (p<0.05). In animals receiving OV following cisplatin exposure, the GSI, testosterone levels, histological parameters, and total testicular weight improved toward physiological values (p<0.05). Additionally, IHC staining for 3β-HSD protein indicated regeneration of Leydig cells. Gene expression analysis showed down-regulation of p53 and up-regulation of Bcl-2 (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OV administration, owing to its antioxidative characteristics, shows promise as a protective phytomedicine against cisplatin-induced testopathy. OV promotes GE proliferation, enhances testosterone secretion, and modulates the expression of apoptotic genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":"183-191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145821679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photobiomodulation mitigates phenanthrene-induced testicular toxicity in mice by modulating oxidative stress and apoptosis biomarkers.","authors":"Azar Afshar, Fakhroddin Aghajanpour, Fatemeh Fadaefathabadi, Hojjat-Allah Abbaszadeh, Hamid Nazarian, Reza Soltani, Mohsen Nourozian","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07983","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Organic compounds present in environmental pollution are currently regarded as major health threats. Phenanthrene (Phe), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, impairs testicular function through oxidative stress, leading to the failure of spermatogenesis. This study aimed to explore the potential beneficial effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on testicular tissue and sperm parameters following Phe exposure in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four adult male mice, aged 8 weeks, were randomly divided into three groups: control, Phe, and Phe+PBM. In the Phe and Phe+PBM groups, mice received Phe (500 ng/kg) via gavage every 48 hours for 5 weeks. Following Phe exposure, the testes of the Phe+PBM mice were irradiated with laser photons every other day for 35 days. After euthanasia, epididymal tails and testes were collected for molecular and histological analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PBM significantly improved sperm count, motility, and viability (p<0.0001). Moreover, reactive oxygen species production, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis were markedly reduced in the testicular tissue of the laser-treated mice (p<0.0001). Improvements were also observed in seminiferous epithelium thickness and cell distribution following PBM (p<0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Laser therapy significantly mitigates testicular damage from Phe exposure by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis biomarkers, thereby improving testicular tissue and sperm parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":"173-182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145967449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of body mass index on oxidative stress markers in infertile men's semen parameters.","authors":"Zahra Mosanezhad, Shima Abbasihormozi, Maryam Monsef Shokri, Roya Hosseini, Marjan Sabbaghian","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07955","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although various studies have linked environmental toxins, mumps infections, alcohol consumption, and abnormal body mass index (BMI) to impaired semen quality, the precise causes of infertility remain unclear. This study investigates the impact of BMI on oxidative stress markers in semen analysis among infertile men, illuminating the role of oxidative stress in cases of unexplained infertility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 280 patients exhibiting infertility symptoms were recruited. Comprehensive semen analysis was conducted, evaluating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, sperm plasma membrane lipid peroxidation via flow cytometry, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and results from the sperm chromatin structure assay. Participants were categorized based on their BMI, facilitating comparisons between obese and non-obese individuals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both BMI and age significantly influenced male fertility, particularly in obese individuals. Strong correlations were identified between elevated BMI, increased ROS levels, and decreased TAC. The obese infertile group exhibited substantially lower TAC compared to controls, highlighting obesity's detrimental effect on antioxidant defenses. Furthermore, significant reductions in sperm count, motility, and normal morphology were observed, alongside an increase in non-motile sperm. These outcomes demonstrate the complex relationship among oxidative stress, BMI, and fertility, emphasizing the necessity for targeted interventions addressing obesity's effects on reproductive health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the importance of managing obesity and understanding its impact on oxidative stress as essential components in improving reproductive outcomes among affected men.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":"147-154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145490711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nicotinamide ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced impairment of trophoblastic spheroid outgrowth in an in vitro implantation model.","authors":"Wontae Kim, Inyoung Kang, Wonmo Lee, Jaewang Lee, Jin Hyun Jun","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2024.07472","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2024.07472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), derived from various infectious bacteria in the uterus, interferes with communication between embryonic trophoblasts and endometrial cells, thereby inhibiting successful embryo implantation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of LPS and the anti-inflammatory compound nicotinamide (NAM) on early embryo implantation processes, focusing on the adhesion and outgrowth between trophoblast spheroids and endometrial cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used JAr mixed JEG-3 (JmJ) spheroids, prepared by combining JAr and JEG-3 cells in a 1:1 ratio. Following treatment with LPS with or without NAM, the attachment and outgrowth of JmJ spheroids on endometrial epithelial cells (ECC-1) were assessed. Additionally, changes in the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines (chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 [CXCL1], interleukin 8 [IL-8], and IL-33) and cell adhesion molecules (integrin alpha-V [ITGαV], integrin beta 3 [ITGβ3], and integrin beta 5 [ITGβ5]) in ECC-1 cells following LPS and/or NAM treatment were evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Decreased attachment rates and reduced outgrowth areas caused by LPS treatment were significantly restored by NAM. These restorative effects of NAM were associated with the modulation of inflammatory cytokines-specifically CXCL1 and IL-33, as shown by qRT-PCR-and expression of the cell adhesion molecule ITGβ3, as indicated by Western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study confirmed that LPS-induced endometrial infection may inhibit embryo implantation. NAM treatment ameliorated the detrimental effects of LPS by modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules. Further studies are needed to explore the potential use of NAM as an effective additive to improve embryo implantation rates in human in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":"137-146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145821637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}