Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM最新文献

{"title":"Impact of third cleavage timing on blastulation and miRNA-429 expression in cryopreserved mouse embryos.","authors":"Ye Eun Lee, Jihyun Kim, Jaewang Lee, Jin Hyun Jun","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07997","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2025.07997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aims of this study were to assess embryonic development using a time-lapse monitoring system based on cleavage timing and the use of vitrification and to investigate the correlation between miRNA-429 expression and embryonic development in both fresh and vitrified-thawed embryos.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mouse embryos at the 1-cell stage were collected and randomly divided into fresh and vitrified-thawed groups. The embryos were monitored and further subdivided into early and delayed cleavage based on the timing of the third cleavage event at 55 hours after human chorionic gonadotropin injection. miRNA-429 extracted from spent media or embryos cultured in vitro was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early cleavage was associated with a significantly higher blastulation rate, regardless of cryopreservation status. Notably, among vitrified-thawed embryos, outgrowth was greater in those exhibiting early cleavage compared to those with delayed cleavage. Furthermore, miRNA-429 expression was elevated in embryos exhibiting delayed cleavage, but only within the cryopreserved group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on these findings, we suggest that the timing of the third cleavage event may be more critical than the vitrification process itself, and evaluating miRNA-429 expression could serve as an alternative non-invasive selection tool for vitrified surplus embryos.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":"128-136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145967444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A highly rare female phenotype with complex chromosomal mosaicism: 46,XY/45,X/46,X,r(Y).","authors":"Zohreh Maghsoomi, Maryam Abiri, Fatemeh Golgiri, Hamed Iraji, Seyyed Mohammad Ghahestani, Fatemeh Tajikrostami, Nikoo Emtiazi, Maryam Eghbali","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.08011","DOIUrl":"10.5653/cerm.2025.08011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mixed gonadal dysgenesis is characterized by abnormal genital appearance and chromosomal mosaicism. A wide spectrum of clinical manifestations can occur, ranging from females (with or without Turner syndrome) to phenotypically normal males with some degree of genital ambiguity. In this context, uncommon mosaic karyotypes are associated with distinctive phenotypic characteristics. Here, we present the case of an 18-year-old girl with primary amenorrhea, delayed puberty, and a rare mosaic karyotype pattern. Clinical data were collected, and karyotyping was performed on peripheral blood samples. Polymerase chain reaction amplification for the sex-determining region Y protein (SRY) gene was also conducted. The patient presented with delayed puberty and primary amenorrhea. Her hormonal profile was consistent with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging revealed a small uterus. Echocardiography identified the presence of a bicuspid aortic valve. Karyotyping demonstrated a 46,XY/45,X/46,X,r(Y) pattern, indicating mosaicism for monosomy X and two cell lines: 45,X and 46,X,r(Y). The SRY gene was detected. Gonadal pathological investigation confirmed streak gonads consistent with gonadal dysgenesis and evidence of gonadoblastoma. Complicated cases with mosaic chromosomal patterns can exhibit a wide range of phenotypic features, from apparently normal males with variable external genitalia to females with or without characteristics of Turner syndrome. These phenotypic discrepancies are not directly related to the number of mosaic cells or the specific location of Y chromosome breakage. Therefore, in cases of primary amenorrhea with genotype-phenotype discrepancies, a multidisciplinary approach is essential to guide appropriate sex determination and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":"192-198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145597397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mitoquinone attenuates TGF-β-induced fibrosis and restores impaired decidualization in mouse endometrial stromal cells.","authors":"Danbi Lee, Juhye Bae, Youn-Jung Kang","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.08858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2025.08858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of mitoquinone (MitoQ) in endometrial fibrosis and to examine its role in restoring impaired decidualization associated with intrauterine adhesion. We further sought to delineate the underlying mechanisms through which MitoQ exerts its protective effects. Finally, we propose mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant therapy as a potential strategy for the treatment of gynecological diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An in vitro mouse endometrial fibrosis model was established by treating mouse endometrial stromal cells with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). MitoQ was subsequently administered to fibrotic cells to evaluate its therapeutic effects on fibrosis and defective decidualization. These effects were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence staining, and additional molecular and cellular assays. The underlying mechanisms were further investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TGF-β treatment (5 ng/mL for 48 hours) effectively induced a markedly fibrotic phenotype in mouse endometrial stromal cells. These cells were subsequently treated with 1 μM MitoQ for 24 hours. MitoQ treatment significantly reduced collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1) expression at both the mRNA and protein levels and downregulated inflammation-related markers. These effects were accompanied by reduced mitochondrial stress and suppression of suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) signaling. Furthermore, MitoQ treatment restored impaired decidualization in fibrotic cells, as supported by increased expression of prolactin and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MitoQ treatment effectively attenuates TGF-β-induced endometrial fibrosis by reducing collagen deposition and inflammatory marker expression, while restoring impaired decidualization. These findings suggest that MitoQ may serve as a promising therapeutic candidate for fibrosis-associated uterine dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oocyte cryopreservation during blinatumomab treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A case report.","authors":"Jin Ha Lee, Ju Hee Kim, Joon Young Hur, So Yeon Jeong, Ji Won Lee, Il Kyung Jeon, Euna Park","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.09040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2025.09040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fertility preservation (FP) in female patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is challenging because the urgent initiation of chemotherapy often limits the time available for FP. Oocyte cryopreservation (OC) is the most established method for female FP; however, it requires ovarian stimulation, which may not be feasible in this clinical context. We report successful OC during blinatumomab treatment in a 19-year-old woman with newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome-negative B-ALL. She received one course of conventional chemotherapy with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, followed by one course of blinatumomab as induction therapy before allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Immediately after completion of blinatumomab, ovarian stimulation was initiated. After 13 days of stimulation, 22 oocytes were retrieved, of which 16 mature oocytes were cryopreserved. This case suggests that OC during blinatumomab treatment may represent a feasible FP strategy while maintaining intensive oncologic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and spectrum of AZFc copy number variations in infertile Moroccan men.","authors":"Saadia Amasdl, Said Trhanint, Mohamed Ahakoud, Amina Ameli, Badreddine Elmakhzen, Youssef Ahmadi, Amal Ouskri, Yasser Ali El-Asri, Karim Ouldim, Houda Salhi, Mustapha Ahsaini, Laila Bouguenouch, Abdelhak Bouia","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.08627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2025.08627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Infertility affects approximately 10% to 15% of couples attempting to conceive, with a male factor contributing to nearly half of these cases. The most common molecular abnormality associated with male infertility is Y-chromosome microdeletion (YCM), which involves deletions in the azoospermia factor (AZF) regions-gene clusters essential for spermatogenesis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of YCM among infertile Moroccan men and to assess the effectiveness of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) for Y-chromosome analysis in this context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 41 infertile Moroccan men diagnosed with either severe oligozoospermia (n=16) or azoospermia (n=25) underwent comprehensive clinical, paraclinical, and molecular analysis of the AZF regions using the MLPA technique. An additional 20 normozoospermic men were included as control subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AZFc microdeletions and duplications were identified in 12% and 7% of patients, respectively. No deletions were detected in the AZFa or AZFb regions, nor in the control group. The overall prevalence of YCM in this cohort is consistent with that reported in other Moroccan studies. However, to our knowledge, the complete copy number variation (CNV) profile of the Y-chromosome-including duplications-has not been previously investigated in the Moroccan population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified a 19% prevalence of CNVs restricted to the AZFc region among infertile Moroccan men, underscoring its specific association with severe spermatogenic failure. MLPA demonstrated high accuracy, reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness for CNV detection. These findings support the implementation of MLPA as a routine genetic diagnostic and counseling tool for men with significant sperm abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating zeta potential with conventional sperm preparation: Comparative effects of swim-up-zeta and density gradient-zeta methods on motility and DNA integrity.","authors":"Isarin Thanaboonyawat, Isaraporn Thanaratsiriworakul, Japarath Prechapanich, Pitak Laokirkkiat, Roungsin Choavaratana, Somsin Petyim","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.08788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2025.08788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sperm preparation techniques, such as the swim-up method and density gradient centrifugation, are essential for selecting the highest-quality spermatozoa in the context of assisted reproductive technologies. The zeta method, in which sperm are selected based on their surface electrical charge, has recently emerged as a simple and cost-effective adjunct to improve sperm selection. This study aimed to compare sperm motility and DNA integrity between sperm prepared using a combination of the swim-up and zeta methods (S-Z) and sperm prepared with a combination of density gradient centrifugation and the zeta method (D-Z).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-nine normozoospermic semen samples were randomly divided into two aliquots. One aliquot was prepared using S-Z and the other using D-Z. Post-preparation sperm motility was assessed using computer-assisted sperm analysis, and DNA integrity was evaluated with acridine orange staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both preparation methods significantly reduced sperm concentration compared to neat semen (p<0.001). The total motility rate was significantly higher in the S-Z group (90%) than in the D-Z group (86%) (p<0.001). Normal sperm DNA integrity was comparable between the S-Z (95.0%) and D-Z (95.3%) groups (p=0.582).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integrating the zeta method into conventional sperm preparation techniques may increase the efficiency of sperm selection. The S-Z approach appears particularly effective for recovering highly motile sperm with normal DNA integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of Rosmarinus officinalis L. extract against cyclophosphamide-induced testicular toxicity in rats.","authors":"Ehsaneh Azaryan, Hamid Kabiri-Rad, Mehri Shadi, Seyede Fatemeh Hosseini","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.08606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2025.08606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the potential protective role of Rosmarinus officinalis L. extract (rosemary extract [RE]) against cyclophosphamide (CYC)-induced reproductive toxicity in the testes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n=6): control, CYC (received a single dose of 200 mg/kg intraperitoneally [i.p.]), CYC+RE200 (received a single dose of 200 mg/kg CYC and 200 mg/kg/day RE orally for 6 weeks), and CYC+RE1000 (received a single dose of 200 mg/kg CYC and 1,000 mg/kg/day RE orally for 6 weeks). Following the experimental procedures, sperm motility, testosterone concentrations, and histopathological alterations in the testes were evaluated. Furthermore, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to assess the expression of the genes encoding zona pellucida binding protein (ZPBP), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), and Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings showed that CYC therapy reduced seminiferous tubule diameter, epithelium height, and cell counts, as well as testosterone levels and sperm motility. Interestingly, treatment with RE effectively increased sperm motility (p<0.01), testosterone level (p<0.0001), seminiferous tubule diameter (p<0.01), epithelium height (p<0.01), and cell number (p<0.0001). In addition, RE treatment led to a notable rise in Bcl2 and ZPBP expression levels. Although Bax expression was reduced, the decrease was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, RE appears to provide protection against CYC-induced testicular injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships between morphological score changes during embryonic development and pregnancy outcomes.","authors":"Qiuying Gan, Wenhong Ma, Lidan Liu, Qianyi Huang, Fang Lu, Lang Qin, Liang Ren, Zhibing Deng, Chao Yang, Bo Liu, Yihua Yang","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.08179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2025.08179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated whether changes in embryonic morphological scores can predict pregnancy outcomes to support optimal blastocyst selection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective dual-center study analyzed 1,492 single blastocyst transfers. Blastocysts were categorized according to day 3 and day 5 scores (excellent, good, or poor) and their day 3-5 morphological changes (improvement, stability, or deterioration). The primary outcomes were clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and live birth rate (LBR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant differences were observed in CPR or LBR among the Excellent-D3, Good-D3, and Poor-D3 embryo-quality groups. However, both CPR and LBR were significantly higher in the Excellent-D5 group compared with the Poor-D5 group (CPR: 58.64% vs. 46.34%, p=0.014; LBR: 45.97% vs. 33.54%, p=0.012). Temporal trends in developmental outcomes from day 3 to day 5 showed no significant differences across the improvement, stability, and deterioration groups for either CPR (57.95%, 55.28%, and 55.87%; p=0.615) or LBR (43.74%, 44.54%, and 40.84%; p=0.648). In stratified analysis, Poor-D3 embryos that reached Excellent-D5 status had a significantly lower LBR than Excellent-D5 embryos (40.52% vs. 48.81%: odds ratio, 0.714; 95% confidence interval, 0.513 to 0.994; p=0.046). No other subgroup comparisons demonstrated significant differences in clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Day 5 morphology is the primary predictor of CPR and LBR, with Excellent-D5 embryos demonstrating superior outcomes. Although day 3-5 morphological changes were not associated with CPR or LBR, day 3 quality contributed supplemental predictive value for distinguishing among top-tier day 5 embryos, thereby aiding embryo selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor in supporting male reproduction: A narrative review.","authors":"Hang Yu, Li-Fan Peng","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.08571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2025.08571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) in the testis is expressed exclusively in Sertoli cells. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is mediated by FSHR via the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA), mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways to induce the proliferation and maturation of immature Sertoli cells. In addition, FSH and androgens regulate spermatogenesis in an overlapping and synergistic manner. Based on these physiological mechanisms, mutations in the FSHβ subunit often lead to azoospermia; activating mutations in the gene encoding FSHR can render spermatogenesis independent of FSH; inactivating mutations can impair male spermatogenic function; and single nucleotide polymorphisms vary by genetic background and ethnicity, with no consistent conclusions regarding their relationship with male infertility. This review suggests that FSHR modulators hold profound significance for the future diagnosis and treatment of infertility and may provide new avenues for male contraception.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of human papillomavirus infection with seminal parameters, anti-sperm antibody, and sperm DNA integrity in Korean men: A preliminary study.","authors":"Gaeun Kim, Hwahyoung Kang, Anna Choi, Ildong Kim, Sunghong Joo, Jung-Won Yoon","doi":"10.5653/cerm.2025.08501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2025.08501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in semen samples from Korean men and to examine its effects on seminal parameters, anti-sperm antibody (ASA) levels, and sperm DNA integrity, thereby exploring a potential association with male infertility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-seven healthy Korean men aged 20 to 50 years underwent physical examination, sex hormone testing, and semen analysis according to the World Health Organization manual. ASA was evaluated using the mixed antiglobulin reaction test, sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was measured by acridine orange staining, and HPV DNA detection and genotyping were performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants was 34.7±4.8 years. HPV DNA was identified in 10 of 67 semen samples (14.9%). HPV-positive men demonstrated significantly lower sperm concentration (p<0.020) and total sperm numbers (p<0.002) than HPV-negative men, although both measures remained within the clinically normal range. Other seminal parameters, including motility, morphology, and hormone levels, showed no significant differences. ASA and DFI values were higher in HPV-positive men, but these differences were not statistically significant. Subgroup analysis comparing high-risk HPV-positive men with HPV-negative men yielded similar findings, particularly regarding reduced total sperm counts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The observed HPV prevalence was higher than previously reported in Korean studies. This preliminary investigation suggests a potential association between HPV infection and reductions in sperm concentration and total sperm numbers, although causality cannot be inferred. Given the small sample size, especially the limited number of HPV-positive cases, larger studies are required to clarify the precise role of HPV infection in male infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":46409,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine-CERM","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}