Jornal Brasileiro de Reproducao Assistida最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of differentially expressed genes from in vitro matured human oocytes: A bioinformatics approach.","authors":"Gabriel Acácio de Moura, Mayara Lobato Lourenço, Yasmim Mendes Rocha, João Pedro Viana Rodrigues, Cristian Vicson Pinheiro, Alice Soares de Queiroz, Eduardo de Paula Miranda, Sebastião Evangelista Torquato, Roberto Nicolete","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240030","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>One of the techniques that has gained much attention is the in vitro maturation of oocytes for patients who use assisted reproduction techniques. However, its results are still inferior to controlled ovarian stimulation methodologies. Understanding the maturation mechanisms based on analyses can help improve this methodology's results. The work aims to identify the central genes differentially expressed in oocytes after in vitro maturation in the germinal vesicle and metaphase II stages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This work is a computational analysis. The entire search will be conducted using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. To carry out and obtain the data present in the work, an advanced research search was carried out in the GEO database within the period from January 1, 2013, to January 1, 2023. A total of 27 genomic data were available in the GEO database, of which only two were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two datasets were identified on the Gene Expression Omnibus database platform: registration data GSE158802 and GSE95477. From the analysis, we identified five downregulated and thirty-six upregulated genes; the central genes that correlated with the main gene proteins found were CLTA and PANK1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was a differential regulation of gene expression. The most central ones are related to energy capture.</p>","PeriodicalId":46364,"journal":{"name":"Jornal Brasileiro de Reproducao Assistida","volume":" ","pages":"457-463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of patients with endometriosis and infertility: laparoscopic treatment and spontaneous pregnancy rate.","authors":"Yanina Rodríguez, Esteban Grasso, Lautaro Tessari, Florencia Perotti, Marcela Irigoyen, Antonio Cattaneo, A Gustavo Martínez, Rosanna Ramhorst, Diego Gnocchi","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240018","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate factors involved in spontaneous pregnancy rate after surgery for endometriosis in patients with endometriosis and infertility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study spanned from 2014 to 2020 and included a follow-up period of two years of patients with endometriosis-related infertility who underwent laparoscopic surgery. Women aged 25 to 43 years with patent tubes, no/mild male factor and no other infertility factors were selected and grouped according to fertility management as follows: patients immediately prescribed ART (16.5%, ART-p); patients who chose not to undergo ART (83.5%) and achieved spontaneous pregnancy (71.8% SP-p); and patients who first chose not to undergo ART but had it subsequently (28.2%, NSP-p).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 200 patients were analyzed. Of the 167 patients who waited for spontaneous pregnancy, 71.8% achieved it. We observed a tendency of higher endometriosis ASRM scores in the ART-p group compared with patients who waited for spontaneous pregnancy, and lower scores in individuals that achieved spontaneous pregnancy. When we looked at how long it took to achieve pregnancy, we found that individuals in the SP-p group achieved pregnancy in 5.7 months, while subjects in the NSP-p group took 1.8 times longer than their peers in the SP-p group (p<0.001). However, once prescribed ART, the individuals in the NSP-p group achieved pregnancy within a similar time when compared with subjects in the SP-p group. In order to identify individuals that might benefit from ART early on, we performed a multivariable analysis and developed a decision tree (81.3% accuracy and 53.3% sensitivity).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present results indicated that, after surgery, the majority of patients achieved spontaneous pregnancy. The decision tree proposed in this study allows the early identification of patients who might require ART, thus decreasing the time between surgery and pregnancy and improving overall outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46364,"journal":{"name":"Jornal Brasileiro de Reproducao Assistida","volume":" ","pages":"392-398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double vitrification of embryos adversely affects clinical outcomes.","authors":"Chara Oraiopoulou, Mary Karagianni, Achilleas Papatheodorou, Olga Toumpa, Marianna Papadopoulou, Nicholaos Christophoridis, Panagiotis Drakopoulos, Alexia Chatziparasidou","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240014","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of double embryo vitrification on clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included data from January 2013 to March 2021. The study group included women aged 33.3±5.7 years with double-vitrified embryos (n=381), while the control group included women aged 32.1±6.7 years with embryos vitrified once (n=780), all transferred at the blastocyst stage. The primary endpoint was live birth rate (LBR), and secondary endpoints included percent positive βHCG test, clinical/ongoing pregnancy rates, miscarriage/biochemical pregnancy rates and birthweight.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LBR was significantly lower in double-vitrified embryos (30.2%) than in embryos vitrified once (45.6%, p<.05). Similarly, double-vitrified embryos were associated with significantly lower positive βHCG tests (46% vs. 63.3%, p<.05) and clinical (34.9% vs. 52.2%, p<.05) and ongoing pregnancy (31.3% vs. 47.3%, p<.05) rates compared to embryos vitrified once. However, biochemical pregnancy (double vitrified: 24.1% vs. vitrified once: 17.9%, p>.05) and miscarriage rates (double vitrified: 10.2% vs. vitrified once: 9.4%, p>.05), as well as mean birthweight (double-vitrified embryos: 2950g vs. embryos vitrified once: 2837g, p>.05) did not differ significantly between two groups. On a secondary comparison, amongst double-vitrified embryos, the subgroup that was cultured for more than 24 hours between warming and second vitrification achieved significantly higher positive βHCG tests (49%) and clinical pregnancy (38%) rates, compared to embryos re-vitrified on the same day of warming (31.8% and 20.5%, respectively, p<.05). Nevertheless, LBR did not differ significantly amongst these study-group embryos (embryos that remained in culture for more than 24 hours: 32.2% vs. embryos that were re-vitrified on warming day: 20.5%, p>.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Double vitrification of embryos adversely affects clinical outcomes. However, it represents a valuable option concerning embryo wastage, with acceptable success rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":46364,"journal":{"name":"Jornal Brasileiro de Reproducao Assistida","volume":" ","pages":"399-404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140307309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The protective effect of Ozone on the mice testicular damage induced by methotrexate.","authors":"Layasadat Khorsandi, Negar Varaa, Reza Dadfar, Sadegh Moradi Vastegani, Yousef Asadi-Fard, Akram Ahangarpour, Amirhesam Keshavarz-Zarjani","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240041","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Methotrexate (MTX) is widely administered for the treatment of various cancers. However, MTX induces male reproductive toxicity. In the current study, the effect of ozone therapy (OT) on reducing the toxic effects of MTX in the mouse testicles has been investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four mice were divided into four groups: control, OT (4 mg/kg ozone), MTX (20 mg/kg), and MTX + OT. Testosterone levels, histological changes, and oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed to evaluate the protective effects of OT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrated that MTX disrupted germinal epithelium, reduced serum testosterone levels, and enhanced oxidative stress in testicular tissue. However, treatment with OT attenuated these adverse effects. OT effectively restored the levels of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). OT reduced lipid peroxidation, as indicated by decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. OT preserved normal spermatogenesis, improved morphometric parameters, and reduced histological changes by MTX. Moreover, OT effectively restored testosterone levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>OT protects against MTX-induced testicular damage by suppressing oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":46364,"journal":{"name":"Jornal Brasileiro de Reproducao Assistida","volume":" ","pages":"464-470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of endometrial thickness on outcomes of pregnancy following embryo transfer: A retrospective cohort.","authors":"Aghdas Safari, Foruheh Moazzezi, Mohammad Azizi","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240016","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The safety of assisted reproductive technology can be assessed by examining birth weight as an outcome measure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of endometrial thickness during embryo transfer on newborn birth weight and preterm labor.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study at the infertility department of a teaching hospital affiliated with a university of medical sciences. Eligible women were ≥18 years old and conceived a singleton pregnancy with embryo transfer and an endometrial thickness of ≥7 mm. None of the patients had diabetes, blood hypertension, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. We assessed maternal and newborn characteristics and perinatal pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 100 eligible patients with a mean (SD) age of 32.8 (6.2) years were included. The mean endometrial thickness during embryo transfer was 9.1 (1.2) mm, and the mean birth weight was 3040.7 (565.3)g. There were no statistically significant associations between endometrial thickness and preterm labor (p=0.215) and between endometrial thickness and stillbirth or intra-uterine fetal death (p=0.880). However, after adjusting for confounding factors, the association of endometrial thickness with birth weight was statistically significant [b=124.6 (51.6), p=0.018].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the range of ≥7mm, endometrial thickness during embryo transfer is a predictor of newborn weight; however, it is not related to the risk of preterm labor, stillbirth, or intra-uterine fetal death.</p>","PeriodicalId":46364,"journal":{"name":"Jornal Brasileiro de Reproducao Assistida","volume":" ","pages":"418-423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of very small stem cells from peripheral blood on the treatment of Premature Ovarian Failure: A pilot study.","authors":"Nasrin Saharkhiz, Nazanin Hajizadeh, Jahan Saheb Alkhafaji, Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240021","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Premature ovary failure (POF) is a severe health condition with multiple negative outcomes, which deteriorate a patient's life. The current study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from peripheral blood in the treatment of women with the POF background.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current study was a pilot study carried-out on women younger than 40 with premature ovarian failure. Study participants underwent 4-months cell therapy using Mesenchymal stem cells extracted from peripheral bloods. Serum level of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Estradiol (E2), Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), and Antral follicle count (AFC) were the main investigated outcomes that were assessed at baseline, month two and month four of the very small stem cell intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Average serum level of FSH was 45.0 (12.1) mIU/mL at baseline and continually decreased during the study and reached 33.2 (12.4) mIU/mL in the fourth month. The average AMH level was 0.10 ng/mL prior to the intervention and increased to 0.13 ng/mL in the 2nd month and 0.15 ng/mL in the fourth month. The level E2 was 85.7 (23.6) pg/ml on average at baseline, while the average E2 reduced to 77.2 (25.6) pg/ml in the fourth month. Average number of AFC was 2.0 (0.8) at baseline. We observed a gradual increase in the second month (Mean AFC=2.2) and after four months it increased to 3.1 (1.8) as the highest menstrual restoration and pregnancy was observed in 10% of our study participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MSCs could significantly improve hormone secretion in women with POF. Implantation of MSCs in women with POF background was associated with an increase in AMH and AFC, while it downed the serum level of E2 and FSH. MSCs could also lead to menstrual restoration and pregnancy in women with POF.</p>","PeriodicalId":46364,"journal":{"name":"Jornal Brasileiro de Reproducao Assistida","volume":" ","pages":"424-429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LnCRNAs in the Regulation of Endometrial Receptivity for Embryo Implantation.","authors":"Haniyeh Ebrahimnejad Hasanabadi, Azam Govahi, Shahla Chaichian, Mehdi Mehdizadeh, Ladan Haghighi, Marziyeh Ajdary","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240038","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of endometrial receptivity is crucial for successful embryo implantation and the initiation of pregnancy. Understanding the molecular regulatory processes that transform the endometrium into a receptive phase is essential for enhancing implantation rates in fertility treatments, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a pivotal role as gene regulators and have been examined in the endometrium. This review offers current insights into the role of lncRNAs in regulating endometrial receptivity. Considering the significant variation in endometrial remodeling among species, we summarize the key events in the human endometrial cycle and discuss the identified lncRNAs in both humans and other species, which may play a crucial role in establishing receptivity. Notably, there are 742 lncRNAs in humans and 4438 lncRNAs that have the potential to modulate endometrial receptivity. Additionally, lncRNAs regulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and Let-7 have been observed in both species. Future investigations should explore the potential of lncRNAs as therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers for diagnosing and improving endometrial receptivity in human fertility therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":46364,"journal":{"name":"Jornal Brasileiro de Reproducao Assistida","volume":" ","pages":"503-510"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141321792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two livebirths achieved in cases of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism nonobstructive azoospermia, treated with GnRH agonist and gonadotrophins: a case series and review of the literature.","authors":"Mauro Bibancos de Rose, Arhon Bizelli Sicard, Natalia Alvarenga Aguiar, Beatriz de Oliveira Onório, Antonio Alberto Rodrigues Almendra, Wagner Eduardo Matheus, Andrea Garolla, Carlo Foresta, Daniela Paes de Almeida Ferreira Braga, Amanda Souza Setti, Edson Borges","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240039","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is the most severe form of male factor infertility. It results form from either primary or secondary testicular failure. Here, we report cases of two patients with NOA due to maturation arrest and increased serum FSH, treated with GnRH agonist and gonadotrophins. The two NOA patients underwent a pharmacological treatment consisting of pituitary desensibilization using a GnRH agonist and testicular stimulation using menotropin. Testicular stimulation started one month after the beginning of GnRH agonist treatment. The female partner underwent controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) followed by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). On the third day of the cycle, menotropin daily doses was administered. When at least one follicle ≥14 mm was visualized, pituitary blockage was performed using GnRH antagonist ganirelix. When three or more follicles attained a mean diameter of ≥17 mm, triptorelin acetate was administered to trigger final follicular maturation. Oocyte retrieval was performed 35 hours later. After treatment, male partner blood levels of the FSH, LH, decreased and total testosterone were increased. Spermatozoa was observed after semen collection in both cases. After COS, oocytes were retrieved and ICSI was performed. Embryos were biopsied for preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) and those considered euploidy were transferred resulting in positive implantation, ongoing pregnancy, and livebirth on both cases. In this report we present a successful strategy for hypergonadotropic hypogonadism AOA men, as an alternative approach to the surgical testicular sperm recovery. Nevertheless, prospective randomized trials are needed to confirm our findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":46364,"journal":{"name":"Jornal Brasileiro de Reproducao Assistida","volume":" ","pages":"521-525"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141321793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximizing Success: An Overview of Optimizing the Ovarian Tissue Transplantation Site.","authors":"Koray Görkem Saçıntı, Rowaida Sadat, Sinan Özkavukçu, Meltem Sonmezer, Murat Sönmezer","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240027","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20240027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation (OTCT) has emerged in recent years as a potential method for reversing abnormal endocrine and reproductive functions, particularly in patients receiving gonadotoxic cancer treatments having longer survival rates. From its first rodent experiments to human trials, OTCT has evolved tremendously, opening new windows for further utilization. Since then, significant progress has been achieved in terms of techniques used for surgical removal of the tissue, optimal fragment size, freezing and thawing procedures, and appropriate surgical sites for the subsequent reimplementation of the graft. In addition, various approaches have been proposed to decrease the risk of ischemic injury, which is the leading cause of significant follicle loss during neo-angiogenesis. This review aims to discuss the pros and cons of ovarian and retroperitoneal transplantation sites, highlighting the justifications for the viability and efficacy of different transplantation sites as well as the potential advantages and drawbacks of retroperitoneal or preperitoneal area.</p>","PeriodicalId":46364,"journal":{"name":"Jornal Brasileiro de Reproducao Assistida","volume":" ","pages":"497-502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141261165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of SPAG11A gene expression in infertile men with grade 1 and 2 varicocele before and after treatment.","authors":"Sepide Amiri, Lida Gholizadeh, Azam Rasti, Maryam Peymani, Seyed Ali Mohammad Mirjalili, Seraj-Aldin Vahidi, Seyed Mehdi Kalantar","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20220060","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20220060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sperm Associated Antigen 11A (SPAG11A) protein is a family of the epididymis-specific secretory proteins implicated in sperm maturation and function. Varicocele might cause pathophysiological difficulties in the testis and epididymis, with a harmful effect on the environment for spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression level of the SPAG11A gene and sperm parameters in infertile men with grade 1 and 2 varicocele before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semen specimens were collected from 20 infertile men with varicocele pre-and post-treatment and 10 healthy volunteers. Semen analysis was conducted according to world health organization guidelines. Real time PCR (qRT-PCR) reaction was applied for determination of SPAG11A mRNA expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that there was a significant difference between the concentration and normal morphology between pre- and post-treatment groups and the controls. There were significant differences between pre-treatment and control groups in terms of progressive and non-progressive mobility. SPAG11A mRNA levels were significantly lower in the pre-treatment group than in healthy control subjects (p=0.007). There was no statistically significant difference in the expression of SPAG11A as well as semen parameters in the post-treatment group compared to the pre-treatment group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SPAG11A gene expression and semen parameters may be affected by varicocele. Whether varicocele treatment is an effective approach to reduce the adverse effect of this disease on SPAG11A expression and semen parameters needs further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46364,"journal":{"name":"Jornal Brasileiro de Reproducao Assistida","volume":" ","pages":"405-409"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140050592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}