ARCHIVAL SCIENCE最新文献

{"title":"Displaced, hence, not lost: the afterlife of private archives from Hellenistic and Roman Egypt","authors":"Mario C. D. Paganini","doi":"10.1007/s10502-025-09490-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10502-025-09490-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This contribution focuses on case studies of private archives from Hellenistic and Roman Egypt, as they are the best cases directly attested in the surviving evidence of archives for the period. After a contextualisation of archives in the Greek and Roman worlds, this chapter shows how case studies from Hellenistic and Roman Egypt help us to better understand the characteristics, strategies, impacts, roles, and implications of private archiving practices in their socio-cultural milieu. In particular, private archives from Egypt are mobilised to reconstruct issues of the conservation, protection, and particularly removal and reuse of archives. It is argued that this evidence offers material that challenges the traditional assumptions that equate archival displacement to simple loss or destruction. The survival of these private archives from Hellenistic and Roman Egypt was directly dependent on their having being displaced, thus, they shift displacement’s heuristic value from loss to survival, giving focus on the archives’ afterlife. This adds an important methodological layer to the question of archival displacement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46131,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIVAL SCIENCE","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Privileged access to archives and the interest of research illustrated by the examples of German and French archival systems","authors":"Mikuláš Čtvrtník","doi":"10.1007/s10502-025-09493-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10502-025-09493-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study addresses the issue of the possibility of specific access to public archives, particularly for the purposes of research or other scholarly purposes, not exclusively of official nature. This specific phenomenon is sometimes referred to as “privileged access to archives”. However, such access to archives subject to different than general access rules is only justified if it serves as a specific tool for balancing, on the one hand, the right of free access to information and, on the other, the need to protect the personality rights and privacy of the persons in the records. National archival legislations deal with this matter in a variety of ways. Some countries open the door to privileged access to archives, especially for research purposes wider, others not so wide. Most often, however, they introduce certain, albeit usually very limited, possibilities for exclusive access to archival records. This article analyses models from the French and German archival systems and shows how such privileged access, especially for research purposes, is applied in local archival law and in the practice of some archives in these two countries. It discusses the pros and cons of each solution, their benefits and applicability as well as their risks. The study seeks answers to the question whether privileged access to archives constitutes a violation of fundamental democratic principles and equal access to citizens, or if, on the contrary, it is a necessary tool to guarantee balance between the protection of personality rights and privacy and the right of access to information, freedom of study and research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46131,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIVAL SCIENCE","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palestine as provenance: archiving against genocide from Gaza to South Lebanon (Jabal Amil)","authors":"J. J. Ghaddar","doi":"10.1007/s10502-025-09484-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10502-025-09484-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;How can we archive against genocide in Gaza and its extension elsewhere in Palestine and surrounding countries like Lebanon in this urgent moment while avoiding the pitfalls of white guilt and paternalistic benevolence? How can we draw on models and practices of mutual aid and solidarity between Lebanon and Palestine to articulate a robust decolonial archival praxis (Ghaddar and Caswell in Arch Sci 19(2):71–85, 2019)? To answer these questions, I outline the ongoing deliberate targeting of Gaza’s archives and documentary heritage as part of a systematic campaign of erasure of local history alongside the people who hold and produce the living memory, culture, and knowledge. I also consider the repetition of these destructive practices before, during and since the Nakba as part of a concerted Orientalist/Zionist policy aimed at manufacturing a false claim of Israeli nativity, and remaking the region according to racist fantasies and biblical myths. Emphasizing the importance of documenting the genocide in Gaza, and archiving political activism against the project of “Greater Isreal,” I outline the long history and incredible breadth of Palestinian and Lebanese counter archiving initiatives. In turn, I focus on one such effort, Fighting Erasure: Digitizing Gaza’s Genocide and the War on Lebanon, a participatory action research, archival and teaching project co-led by myself, Dr. Hanine Shehadeh and Dr. Rami Zurayk, through an expansive network of Palestinian, Lebanese, regional and international professionals, communities and organizations. I inform on key project activities and some of the many challenges of doing this work, from bullets and bombs to sieges and sanctions, while being silenced and dealing with the general abandonment of the international community of our Palestinian and Lebanese colleagues. I also touch on some of the project’s innovative practices and frameworks, including its &lt;i&gt;archiving in place&lt;/i&gt; ethos, decentralized and non-corporate model for digital infrastructures, and insistence on global collaborations that are locally grounded. Along the way, I build on my previous theorizing of &lt;i&gt;provenance in place&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Palestine as provenance&lt;/i&gt; in relation dominant archival practices and standards like ISAD(G): General International Standard Archival Description (2000), the Fighting Erasure project and, more broadly, the radical ethos and liberatory praxis emerging from counter archiving practices and initiatives in Palestine and Lebanon.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;\u0000Recreation by Ibrahim Abusitta of an image of an IOF soldier posing for a picture in front of burning books. A screenshot of the original image was tweeted out by Younis Tirawi (@ytirawi), a Palestinian reporter on security and political affairs. In a fact check for snopes.com, Taija PerryCook reports the location is presumed to be the Central Library of the Islamic University of Gaza. The image was originally published in Briarpatch on July 23, 2024. It is republished with permi","PeriodicalId":46131,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIVAL SCIENCE","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10502-025-09484-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145164995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessibility of archives for people with disabilities in Oman: current state and challenges","authors":"Abderrazak Mkadmi,&nbsp;Faten Hamad,&nbsp;Sallam Al-Yaarabi","doi":"10.1007/s10502-025-09487-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10502-025-09487-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores the accessibility of archives for people with disabilities in Oman. This research seeks to discuss the state of physical and digital accessibility within archival institutions in Oman. Using a qualitative exploratory approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 participants who were archivists, cultural institution managers, and representatives of organizations that advocate on behalf of people with disabilities. Thematic analysis of the data reveals major findings into the area of accessibility challenges in Oman. The results clearly show that though the archives in Oman provide some physical facilities, such as ramps, Braille signs, and special parking lots, the digital accessibility has major gaps. Most of the digital archives cannot be accessed by visually or hearing challenged people because there is a lack of screen reader compatibility and adapted interfaces. This study also finds a lack of awareness and training among archivists as one of the contributors to these barriers. Furthermore, the protection of accessibility by the legal frameworks is evidently far from the implementation practice. Improvements have been made through signing the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities by Oman, up to holding a disability conference in 2023. However, digitization of archival content and inclusion of assistive technologies require more action. Finally, the study concludes with recommendations, highlighting measures that ensure complete digital solutions, improved infrastructure, inclusive policy frameworks, and training programs so as to enhance the accessibility of archival materials to people with disabilities in Oman.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46131,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIVAL SCIENCE","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An archive in numbers: the pulse of the Dutch Ministry of Colonies, 1813–1900","authors":"Nico Vriend","doi":"10.1007/s10502-025-09483-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10502-025-09483-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this article, a bird’s-eye view on archives is advocated as a third perspective, alongside the approaches of reading against and along the archival grain. Here, the archival grain—metaphorically speaking—is analyzed in numbers. A bird’s-eye perspective helps us to reconstruct an archive’s pieces and production, trace deviating numbers in document flows, and leads us to a further understanding of archives. In a case study, the archive of the Dutch Ministry of Colonies is at the center of investigation. The study provides insights into the relationships between different parts of the archive and the overall document flow of the organization. It examines the origins of the numerous written pages within this archive and the pulse of their day-to-day production. Peaks and troughs in document production appear on a yearly, monthly or even daily basis. The analysis reveals a significant paperwork explosion occurring roughly between 1851 and 1883, alongside deviating numbers in document flows, such as a dramatic drop in the total number of pages in 1869. Why did these events occur? On a more detailed level, peaks in the daily production of specific files are traced. While some of these thicker files might be labeled as ‘archival events,’ most result from the administrative deposits of large case files.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46131,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIVAL SCIENCE","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10502-025-09483-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-powered visual classification in archives: a computer vision approach to facial recognition in historical archives","authors":"Muslum Yıldız,&nbsp;Fatih Rukancı","doi":"10.1007/s10502-025-09486-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10502-025-09486-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the integration of computer vision technologies, specifically the YOLOv9 algorithm, into the management of historical visual archives, focusing on facial recognition to improve the organization, classification, and accessibility of extensive collections of photographs and videos. A curated dataset of 1,638 images of prominent cinema figures was expanded to 3939 images through data augmentation, and the YOLOv9 model was trained using preprocessing, annotation, and Google Colab’s GPU. The model demonstrated robust performance, achieving precision of 91.8%, recall of 85.2%, mAP50 of 93.4%, and mAP50-95 of 62.6%, showcasing its capability to handle large datasets with high accuracy. These findings highlight the transformative potential of computer vision in archival management, enabling more accessible and searchable visual materials. By extending its application to both static images and video content, this study contributes to archival science through the innovative use of advanced facial recognition techniques, offering a dynamic solution for modern archival systems. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":46131,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIVAL SCIENCE","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming data siloes in cultural heritage crime research: a consolidated OSINT-derived dataset on art, antiquities, and the trade in cultural goods","authors":"Madison Leeson,&nbsp;Riccardo Giovanelli,&nbsp;Sara Ferro,&nbsp;Michela De Bernardin,&nbsp;Arianna Traviglia","doi":"10.1007/s10502-025-09485-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10502-025-09485-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current landscape for provenance researchers, cultural heritage crime analysts, and law enforcement working in the culture sector is characterised by the siloing of data across dozens of databases, resulting in fragmented and incomplete resources that must be manually correlated and validated to provide insights into cultural heritage crime. The European Union-funded Research, Intelligence, and Technology for Heritage and Market Security (RITHMS) project is developing a platform to assist law enforcement agencies across Europe in tackling the illicit trafficking of cultural goods by aggregating open, specialised, and police data from a range of sources. This article outlines one of the initial phases of data collection, which has developed 30 tailored web scrapers for the collection of data from existing databases of stolen, missing, protected, and unprovenanced cultural goods. This has resulted in the largest known non-police dataset of these and associated data objects addressing the real-world challenge of data siloes in heritage crime and provenance research. This article details the multi-step process of data collection and pre-processing that has produced the novel consolidated dataset. The mechanism for knowledge discovery developed during this project has immediate applications and has resulted in actionable intelligence for the investigation of cultural goods crimes, highlighting the value of consolidated data as a resource. This research also offers a cursory analysis of the resulting dataset, demonstrating how mining of this resource can enable new scientific insights and offer promising opportunities for intelligence-led policing of cultural heritage crimes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46131,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIVAL SCIENCE","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10502-025-09485-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Saharan archive and its afterlives","authors":"Fiona Mc Laughlin","doi":"10.1007/s10502-025-09482-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10502-025-09482-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An archive in Mbembe’s (in: Hamilton C et al. (eds) Refiguring the archive. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 19–26, 2002) interrogation of the institution is necessarily defined by two elements: “the building itself and the documents stored there” (2002:19). In this paper I argue that Tifinagh writing in the form or rock inscriptions in the Algerian Sahara constitutes a materially different kind of desert archive that nonetheless fulfils the role of “instituting imaginary” that Mbembe attributes to the archive. Tifinagh is a relative of the ancient Libyco-Berber script, and is used by Kel Ahaggar Tuareg, an Amazigh (Berber) people, as a yet unbroken writing practice that has existed for centuries. Consulted by French colonial actors in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the Tifinagh archive contributed to the European invention of its Tuareg authors as “close others” whom they placed on a racial hierarchy above Arabs. In the post-independence era of Arab nation building in North Africa, governments attempted to suppressed expressions of Amazigh culture and identity, and relegated Tifinagh to the domain of folklore. In the popular revindication of Amazigh identity in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries activists such as those of the Agraw Imazighen or the Berber Academy consulted the Tifinagh archive to resuscitate an alphabet that had disappeared from use in North Africa in late antiquity. Ultimately, although this desert archive presents a materiality that is at odds with Mbembe’s notion of the archive, it nonetheless accomplishes many of the functions he attributes to the archive.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46131,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIVAL SCIENCE","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ecologically just future for personal digital heritage: three guiding statements","authors":"Marije Miedema,&nbsp;Susan Aasman,&nbsp;Anne Beaulieu,&nbsp;Sabrina Sauer","doi":"10.1007/s10502-025-09481-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10502-025-09481-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Archival and cultural heritage institutions should take control of our personal digital past in our current global ecological crisis. To develop this argument, this position paper moves beyond the disciplinary lines present in studies of preservation and introduces the concept of <i>personal digital heritage</i>. The concept takes an ecomaterial perspective to contextualise long-term preservation practices, specifies the context of where these practice-based considerations take place, and documents what informs them. This approach allows for a more holistic approach to grasp the ecological implications of personal preservation practices. So far, approaches that should safeguard our current personal digital heritage have been informed by an archival desire embedded in technological solutionism. This article extends social justice principles put forth in critical archival studies, connects these to ecological justice principles present in environmental media studies, and explicitly relates this to the personal. To show a way forward based on this combination, we introduce three guiding statements connected to three questions that lead archival professionals towards an ecologically just archival ecosystem encompassing Big Tech, archival and cultural heritage institutions, and individuals: (1) Take it down: asks where our archive is and considers reconfiguring institutional archival processes an act of ecological care and resistance to Big Tech; (2) Take it slow: asks whose heritage we are preserving and urges us to move from efficiency to sufficiency. (3) Take it back: asks who cares for our heritage and argues for archival and cultural heritage institutions to engage with public infrastructures and initiatives that limit Big Tech influence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46131,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIVAL SCIENCE","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10502-025-09481-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing the free-rider problem in collectively built online archives","authors":"Jinfang Niu","doi":"10.1007/s10502-025-09480-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10502-025-09480-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many online archives, particularly those aggregates collectively built by multiple archival organizations, face financial challenges once their initial grant funding is depleted. This paper examines the financial sustainability of such online archives through the lens of the free-rider problem, a concept from public goods economics. The study introduces relevant economic theories, reviews sustainability literature in the cultural heritage sector, and assesses current revenue generation strategies employed by thirteen sustainable public goods. Drawing from these analyses, this paper proposes actionable strategies for addressing the free-rider problem and sustaining collectively built online archives as public goods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46131,"journal":{"name":"ARCHIVAL SCIENCE","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}