Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World最新文献

{"title":"Semantics of doubt and ways of its expression in modern Russian mass media texts","authors":"Le Xiaomeng","doi":"10.17721/2520-6397.2021.2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2021.2.09","url":null,"abstract":"Modality was a logical concept originally, but it has become a linguistic concept now, which gets new interpretation and development in linguistics. It has experienced a dynamic development process from sentence modality to discourse modality. As the human factor in language has become the focus of linguistic research, the subjective factors embodied in language, namely subjective modality, have also received more attention and esearch.\u0000\u0000The mass media is one of the main objects of modern linguistics research. Its rapid dissemination and development have provided a large number of fresh corpus and many new research topics for linguistics. Subjective modality is one of the essential properties of mass media. As an integral feature of media text, subjective modality expresses the author’s evaluation and attitude towards the content, conveys the author’s emotions, reflects the author’s thoughts and worldview, and it is a means of interaction between the author and the reader. It directly affects and determines the definition, classification and characteristics of mass media.\u0000\u0000Doubt as an expression of personal attitude in the process of comprehending the facts and phenomena of reality is traditionally considered in the area of subjective modality and presented as one of the subjectivemodal meanings.\u0000\u0000This article uses mainly the methods of interpretation and analysis to introduce the doubt as one of the author’s subjective modality in modern mass media. By analyzing “Explanatory Dictionary” by Morkovkina, “Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language: 80,000 Words and Phraseological Expressions” by Ozhegov and “Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language” edited by D.N. Ushakova, we found that typical for expressing doubt is the use of indirect markers, namely: modal-doubtful particles, introductory-modal words, modal phrases. Based on variants of the semantics of doubt, described by I.G. Nikolskaia, using the text of modern Russian-language mass media as corpus, we have analyzed the typical contexts of expressing doubt in media texts, as well as its realization in modern Russian mass media texts.","PeriodicalId":443655,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123817336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“INSIDE” AND “OUTSIDE” SPACE IN THE СONTEXT OF THE PERSIAN POLITENESS SYSTEM TA’ĀROF","authors":"O. Mazepova","doi":"10.17721/2520-6397.2019.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2019.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the problem of implementation of the binary opposition “inside-outside” within the scope of ta’ārof, the Persian politeness system, which is deeply involved in all the types of social communication in Iran. Here was analyzed a concept set forth by US anthropologist W. Beeman, who states that communicative behavior of Iranians is regulated by strict difference between “inside” and “outside” space, which is expressed through stylistically marked means of speech. Also here was determined peculiar correlation between the concepts of “inside/outside” space and “inside/outside” behavior incorporated into Iranian worldview since the ancient times. In the situations, which speaker regards as “outside” (birun / zāher) he chooses a communication style in accordance with require- ments of ta’ārof politeness system, demonstrating difference in status of the interlocutors. And vice versa, in the situations regarded as “inside” (andarun / bāten) ones, he feels comfortable and relaxed, and uses in his speech expressions demonstrating friendliness and sincerity. Yet, when correlation between two frames of behavior is broken the “outside”-mode communication turns into “inside”, and “inside” – into “outside”-mode communication. “Outside” pattern of communication is useful when applied to the misbehaving persons. Unacceptable behavior of “high-ranking person” could well be moderated by intensifying the strategy of “self-lowering” and “other-rising” towards the counterpart, making use of stylistically based means of speech.\u0000\u0000It was pointed out to the negative aspect of the Persian politeness system, which allows manipulat- ing interlocutor. Identifying and proper reaction from the side of foreigners to such attempts is one of the most important tasks of intercultural communication with Persian native speakers.","PeriodicalId":443655,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117287930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semantics of privativity as a reflection of modern Ukrainian socio-political realia","authors":"Yaroslava Sazonova","doi":"10.17721/2520-6397.2021.3.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2021.3.08","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to analyse the mechanisms of semantic shifts in nominative phrases with the attribute a privative adjective, or in their synonymous constructions, which name the realia of the modern political map of Ukraine. A method of proving the communicative influence of these nominations on delegitimizing the opponent is proposed. The object of the study is the names of the temporarily occupied territories of Luhansk and Donetsk regions of Ukraine and their representatives, elements of state formation, etc. Linguistic pragmatics with elements of logical semantics and discourse analysis became the theoretical and methodological basis of this work. In particular, the analysis bases on the theory of «double content» and the analysis of the Qualia structures of selected nominations, as well as the linguistic analysis of the discursive strategy of delegitimization of the opponent. We conclude that the use of privative adjectives and their equivalents restructures the semantic basis of the head-noun at the level of intentional meaning, namely, it does not deny the existence of these realia, but their ability to stand in line with other denotations of the nomination республіка, because the functional component undergoes constant semantic changes; the formal component is situationally restructured; the constitutive component does not change. The basic AdjprivN фейкова республіка and synonymous nominations, as well as derivative nominations of related realia, are communicatively aimed at delegitimizing the opponent and are widely used in official communication and in the media. Under the conditions of political uncertainty of the status of these formations and hybrid war, which poses a significant threat to the statehood of Ukraine, the use of AdjprivN prevents speakers from unconscious shifts of axiological accents and / or allows to recognize manipulations.","PeriodicalId":443655,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World","volume":"27 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133488563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVOLUTION OF THE LINGUO-CULTURAL CONCEPTS IN THE FRENCH PRESIDENTS’ NEW YEAR’S EVE ADDRESSES: NATIONAL VALUES AS A MANIPULATION TOOL","authors":"K. M. Pityk","doi":"10.17721/2520-6397.2019.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2019.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the search of key linguo-cultural concepts of the French political culture, verbalized in the French Presidents’ of the Fifth Republic New Year’s eve addresses (les Voeux de Nouvel An) from 1960 to 2016. The author analyzes French politicians’ public speech as the mirror im- age of the French core national values. This research summarizes achievements in the field of cultural linguistics, pragmalinguistics and discourse analysis. Moreover, it provides leading modern scientists’ ideas about the genre of the congratulatory speech and its characteristics, highlighting major differ- ences between the congratulatory speech and other speeches. Much attention is given to the notion of “linguo-cultural concept”, defined as a core element of the French language and culture, and to its difference from the notion of “social representation” that is considered to be a basic unit in the field of French sociolinguistics. Applying linguo-cultural approach to the data, gained thanks to the use of the lexicometric software program Tropes, we defined five core linguo-cultural concepts in the New Year’s Eve addresses, namely la France, la Nation, la Liberté, l’Esprit cartésien and la Fraternité as objectively as possible. It is spoken in detail about verbal representations of the mentioned concepts. The author gives also the example of their use in the congratulatory speeches of Charles de Gaulle, Georges Pompidou, Valéry Giscard d’Estaing, François Mitterand, Jacques Chirac, Nicolas Sarcozy and François Hollande. The article gives a detailed analysis of the linguo-cultural concept la Fra- ternité and its transformation into the concept la Solidarité. The perspectives of further research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":443655,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127658801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INHERITED AND ADOPTED VOCABULARY: DIFFERENCE OF THE CONCEPT WORDS ETHYMOLOGY AND ADOPTED WORDS (based on Spanish and Ukrainian languages)","authors":"Halyna Verba, Olena Orlytchenko","doi":"10.17721/2520-6397.2022.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2022.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the semantic processes peculiar to the vocabulary of foreign origin in Spanish and Ukrainian. As it is known, in the vocabulary of any language there are inherited, own and adopted words by their origin. It seems interesting to compare and conclude whether there are common approaches to the definition of these terms – and, accordingly, to the processes of their adopting – in the two comparable languages. In the case of the Ukrainian language, experts believe that the actual Ukrainian vocabulary was created after the All-Slavic linguistic unity and at the present time is registered in the written works of the Ukrainians, founding its basis and forming national features of the language meanwhile adopted vocabulary are linguistic units that had come from different languages in the moment of direct or indirect communication. These are mainly Polish, Russian, Turkic languages, Latin and Greek. A similar approach is found in works of ulgarspecialists who have analyzed a similar phenomenon in Spanish, with the difference that the actual Spanish vocabulary was formed on the basis of Vulgar Latin, also known as Popular or Colloquial Latin, and adopted units also appeared in the course of historical development of direct or indirect communication (languages of pre Latin and post-Latin periods). These included mainly Latinisms, Greekisms, Arabisms, Indianisms and a small number of Germanisms. It seems important that the criteria for distinguishing specific and etymologically foreign vocabulary have not found an unambiguous definition, which leads to significant differences in terms of the quantitative composition of vocabulary in terms of its origin. Etymologically, foreign language vocabulary in the course of assimilation often loses its primary meaning and acquires a new in the course of language development. Such tokens acquire the status of interlingual paronyms (false friends of the translator).","PeriodicalId":443655,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130265479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE GERMAN CONJUNCTIVE AND THE MODAL MEANING OF “IRREALITY” (IN FRAMES OF THE SIMPLE SENTENCE","authors":"V. Kozlovskyi","doi":"10.17721/2520-6397.2019.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2019.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"The article investigates the specificity of the German conjunctive within the construction of structural und semantic models. It is proved that the form of Konj. Präteritum is the means in to individualize the simple sentence in the aspect of its structural and semantic organization","PeriodicalId":443655,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127709800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of the Ukrainian religious and ethical lexicon in the 16th and 17th centuries (based on the Epistle to Galatians)","authors":"O. Levko","doi":"10.17721/2520-6397.2023.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2023.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the origins of the Ukrainian language ethical lexicon in biblical written monuments of the early modern period. It traces the rendition of the vices and virtues catalog in the Epistle to the Galatians (Gal. 5:19–23) in the Krekhiv Apostle, a manuscript of the 2nd half of the 16th century, in comparison with the Church Slavonic Ostroh Bible of 1581, as well as lexicographical works of the 17th century, in particular Pamva Berynda’s “Lexicon”, and Ukrainian translations of the Bible of the 19th and 20th centuries. The Epistle to the Galatians contains one of the most extensive New Testament catalogs of ethical values/anti-values. The vices and virtues in Gal. 5:19–23 form axiological oppositions, which indicate the values of verbal, emotional, behavioral, and social interaction between members of society. The Krekhiv Apostle uses Old Ukrainian and Church Slavonic words to nominate virtues and vices in the Epistle to the Galatians. More than half of the words in the ethical catalog of Gal. 5:19–23 in the Krekhiv Apostle differ from the usage of the Ostroh Bible. Most of these words are indicated as belonging to the “prosta mova” in lexicographical works of the 17th century, in particular in Pamva Berynda’s “Lexicon”. Two thematic subgroups of ethical vocabulary denoting vices in Gal. 5:19–21, namely vices of the corporal and emotional-volitional spheres, show a high level of variability in usage of the Old Ukrainian words instead of Church Slavonicisms in written monuments of the early modern period. Ukrainian biblical translations of the 19th and 20th centuries – in particular those of Panteleimon Kulish, Ivan Levytskyi and Ivan Pului (1905), Ivan Ohiienko (1962), and Ivan Khomenko (1963) – inherited some of the words of the sixteenth- and seventeenth-century “prosta mova” to denote religious and ethical values/anti-values in Gal. 5:19–23, e. g., within the thematic groups of “debauchery”, “apostasy”, and “anger/discord”. The biblical written monuments of the early modern era laid the foundation for the traditions of Ukrainian Bible translation and paved the way for the formation of the Ukrainian linguistic usage in the field of religious communication.","PeriodicalId":443655,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128431594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropocentrism as a methodological principle in science translation research","authors":"Olena Olena MYKHAILENKO","doi":"10.17721/2520-6397.2023.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2023.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropocentrism is becoming one of the basic methodological principles in Translation Studies. There appeared theories where a translator is assigned a part of an interpreter of the source text semantic code rather than a verbal code converter. This principle is not only a feature of modern science, it also defines subject fields of particular sciences, and science translation is not an exception. Anthropologically, science reflects human intellectual activity being the basis of translation of scientific texts. The anthropocentrism of science translation is stipulated by the fact that this type of translation activity requires from the translator’s personality special intellectual efforts, keeping in mind the specific type of knowledge a science source text contains. This article investigates anthropocentrism as one of the leading methodological principles of modern Translation Studies, in particular its manifestation in science translation. A special research interest is taken in the role of the translator as a broadcaster of scientific knowledge. We have also considered a correlation of the subjective and objective in the translation of science texts, analyzing stereotypic vs creative translation choices. We took a close anthropocentric look at translator’s solutions in rendering texts from various branches of knowledge. In our study, we have analyzed the causes of translator’s mistakes influenced by the human factor, and provided alternative translation solutions, with the purpose of preventing such translation failures in conveying scientific information and improving the general quality of science translations. The main reasons of translation failures have been proved as incorrect folding of the source text, in other words inadequate concept interpretation. Mistakes are also caused by the translator’s inability to unfold the science text in the translated language, which hampers the conveying of coherence as a main typological parameter of a science text. Our research also aims to highlight the importance of further investigation of anthropological and other approaches to the translation of science texts, to trace their role in forming the theoretical basics of science translation. We also find it important to verify the hypothesis of creating a theory of science translation as a type of special translation, in view of insufficient research in the methods and principles of translatological study of science translation.","PeriodicalId":443655,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133110307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}