Audiology Research最新文献

{"title":"Bone-Anchored Hearing Aid Effects on Vestibular Function: A Preliminary Report.","authors":"Federica Pollastri, B. Giannoni, Vincenzo Marcelli, Giulia Spadavecchia, R. Pecci","doi":"10.3390/audiolres14020033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres14020033","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000Cochlear receptors are sensitive to vibratory stimuli. Based on this sensibility, bone-anchored hearing aids have been introduced to correct unilateral or bilateral conductive or mixed hearing loss and unilateral deafness. The vestibular system is also sensitive to the vibratory stimulus and this type of response is used in clinics to test its functionality. Being aware of this double separated sensibility, we wondered whether bone vibration, which activates the acoustic receptors of patients with bone conduction aids, can also influence the functionality of the vestibular system.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000To this end, we recruited 12 patients with a bone-anchored hearing aid and evaluated their vestibular function with and without an activated vibratory acoustic device.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Our results show that the vibratory stimulus delivered by the bone conduction aid also reaches and stimulates the vestibular receptors; this stimulation is evidenced by the appearance or modification of some nystagmus findings during bedside vestibular testing. Despite this, none of these patients complained of dizziness or vertigo during prosthesis use. Nystagmus that appeared or changed during acoustic vibratory stimulation through the prosthesis was almost all predominantly horizontal, unidirectional with respect to gaze or body position, inhibited by fixation, and most often consistent with vestibular function tests indicating peripheral vestibular damage.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000The findings of sound-evoked nystagmus seem to indicate peripheral rather than central vestibular activation. The occurrence of some predominantly horizontal and high-frequency induced nystagmus seems to attribute the response mainly to the utricle and lateral semicircular canal.","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140679779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Otic Capsule Dehiscences Simulating Other Inner Ear Diseases: Characterization, Clinical Profile, and Follow-Up-Is Ménière's Disease the Sole Cause of Vertigo and Fluctuating Hearing Loss?","authors":"Joan Lorente-Piera, C. Prieto-Matos, R. Manrique-Huarte, O. Garaycochea, Pablo Dominguez, Manuel Manrique","doi":"10.3390/audiolres14020032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres14020032","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000We present a series of six cases whose clinical presentations exhibited audiovestibular manifestations of a third mobile window mechanism, bearing a reasonable resemblance to Ménière's disease and otosclerosis. The occurrence of these cases in such a short period has prompted a review of the underlying causes of its development. Understanding the pathophysiology of third mobile window syndrome and considering these entities in the differential diagnosis of conditions presenting with vertigo and hearing loss with slight air-bone gaps is essential for comprehending this group of pathologies.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS\u0000A descriptive retrospective cohort study of six cases diagnosed at a tertiary center. All of them went through auditive and vestibular examinations before and after a therapeutic strategy was performed.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Out of 84 cases of dehiscences described in our center during the period from 2014 to 2024, 78 belonged to superior semicircular canal dehiscence, while 6 were other otic capsule dehiscences. Among these six patients with a mean age of 47.17 years (range: 18-73), all had some form of otic capsule dehiscence with auditory and/or vestibular repercussions, measured through hearing and vestibular tests, with abnormalities in the results in five out of six patients. Two of them were diagnosed with Ménière's disease (MD). Another two had cochleo-vestibular hydrops without meeting the diagnostic criteria for MD. In two cases, the otic capsule dehiscence diagnosis resulted from an intraoperative complication due to a gusher phenomenon, while in one case, it was an accidental radiological finding. All responded well to the proposed treatment, whether medical or surgical, if needed.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Otic capsule dehiscences are relatively new and unfamiliar entities that should be considered when faced with cases clinically suggestive of Ménière's disease, with discrepancies in complementary tests or a poor response to treatment. While high-sensitivity and specificity audiovestibular tests exist, completing the study with imaging, especially petrous bone CT scans, is necessary to locate and characterize the otic capsule defect responsible for the clinical presentation.","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140709846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AUDISTIM® Day/Night Alleviates Tinnitus-Related Handicap in Patients with Chronic Tinnitus: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Didier Portmann, Marie José Esteve-Fraysse, Bruno Frachet, F. Herpin, F. Rigaudier, Christine Juhel","doi":"10.3390/audiolres14020031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres14020031","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of taking a daily supplement based on active compounds (AUDISTIM® Day Night: A D/N) in alleviating tinnitus-related disability, as suggested by previous real-life studies. This double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study was conducted in adults with mild to severe tinnitus receiving a 3-month supplementation with A D/N (magnesium, vitamins, phytochemicals) or placebo (excipients without active ingredients). Tinnitus-related handicap (THI), psychological stress (MSP-9), and sleep quality (PSQI) were assessed at baseline and during intervention, perceived impression of tinnitus improvement at the end of the follow-up. The full set analysis included 114 patients (59 A D/N, 55 placebo) aged 53.8 ± 11.4 years, 58% women, with fluctuating (45%) or permanent (55%) tinnitus from 9.3 ± 9.4 years. A D/N supplementation led to greater changes in THI (-13.2 ± 16.0 vs. -6.2 ± 14.4, p = 0.0158,Cohen's d =0.44) at 3 months (primary outcome), especially with continuous tinnitus (-15.0 ± 16.3 vs. -4.6 ± 12.8, p = 0.0065), and, to a lesser extent, at 1 month (-9.8 ± 13.1 for A vs. -4.3 ± 12.1, p = 0.0213). PSQI significantly improved over time in both groups, but MSP-9 only with A D/N. In lines with previous observational studies, both clinical (THI score > 7 pts) and statistical (vs. placebo) improvement, more pronounced in permanent tinnitus, demonstrate the effectiveness of the combination of active compounds and support its use in the management of mild to severe tinnitus.","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digits-in-Noise Test as an Assessment Tool for Hearing Loss and Hearing Aids.","authors":"Carly Schimmel, Kayla Cormier, V. Manchaiah, D. Swanepoel, Anu Sharma","doi":"10.3390/audiolres14020030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres14020030","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between an American English Digits in Noise (DIN) test and commonly used audiological measures to evaluate the DIN test's ability to detect hearing loss and validate hearing aid fitting. QuickSIN and DIN tests were completed by participants with untreated hearing loss (n = 46), prescription hearing aids (n = 15), and over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids (n = 12). Performance on the QuickSIN showed moderate positive correlations with DIN for untreated hearing loss participants and prescription hearing aid users, but not for OTC hearing aid users. For untreated hearing loss participants, both QuickSIN and DIN tests showed positive moderate to strong correlations with high frequency puretone averages. In OTC users, DIN scores did not significantly change over a 6-month time period and were better when conducted remotely compared to in-person testing. Our results suggest that the DIN test may be a feasible monitoring option for individuals with hearing loss and those fitted with hearing aids. However, due to small sample size in this pilot study, future research is needed to examine DIN test's utility for fitting and validating OTC hearing aids.","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140730748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Effectiveness of Different Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment Methods in Patients with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.","authors":"Paweł Rozbicki, Jacek Usowski, Sandra Krzywdzińska, Dariusz Jurkiewicz, Jacek Siewiera","doi":"10.3390/audiolres14020029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres14020029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is one of the treatment methods in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). It is recommended as an elective treatment in patients undergoing steroid therapy. According to current scientific reports, HBOT should be implemented within two weeks after the first symptoms. However, as far as the profile of HBOT is concerned, there are no straightforward recommendations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data obtained from the medical records of 218 patients undergoing HBOT for SSNHL at the Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute were analyzed statistically for the impact of the duration and the delay in implementing HBOT on the end results of pure-tone audiometry (PTA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant hearing improvement in patients undergoing more than 15 cycles of HBOT was detected at all frequencies except for 1500 Hz; in the group reporting for treatment with a delay of more than 10 days, hearing improvement was statistically unsignificant at frequencies of 1500, 3000, and 4000 Hz.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The statistical analysis showed that the urgent onset of HBOT could be a significant factor in the therapy of SSNHL.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11047301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140860625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence with Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Reduction for the Affected Canal at the Video-Head Impulse Test: Considerations to Pathomechanisms","authors":"A. Castellucci, G. Dumas, Sawsan M. Abuzaid, Enrico Armato, Salvatore Martellucci, Pasquale Malara, Mohamad Alfarghal, R. Ruberto, Pasquale Brizzi, Angelo Ghidini, Francesco Comacchio, Sébastien Schmerber","doi":"10.3390/audiolres14020028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres14020028","url":null,"abstract":"Posterior semicircular canal dehiscence (PSCD) has been demonstrated to result in a third mobile window mechanism (TMWM) in the inner ear similar to superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD). Typical clinical and instrumental features of TMWM, including low-frequency conductive hearing loss (CHL), autophony, pulsatile tinnitus, sound/pressure-induced vertigo and enhanced vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials, have been widely described in cases with PSCD. Nevertheless, video-head impulse test (vHIT) results have been poorly investigated. Here, we present six patients with PSCD presenting with a clinical scenario consistent with a TMWM and an impaired vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) for the affected canal on vHIT. In two cases, an additional dehiscence between the facial nerve and the horizontal semicircular canal (HSC) was detected, leading to a concurrent VOR impairment for the HSC. While in SSCD, a VOR gain reduction could be ascribed to a spontaneous “auto-plugging” process due to a dural prolapse into the canal, the same pathomechanism is difficult to conceive in PSCD due to a different anatomical position, making a dural herniation less likely. Alternative putative pathomechanisms are discussed, including an endolymphatic flow dissipation during head impulses as already hypothesized in SSCD. The association of symptoms/signs consistent with TMWM and a reduced VOR gain for the posterior canal might address the diagnosis toward PSCD.","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140385548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large Vestibular Aqueduct-Associated Symptoms: Endolymphatic Duct Blockage as a Surgical Treatment.","authors":"Issam Saliba, Sarah Alshehri, Isabelle Fournier, Nasser Altamami","doi":"10.3390/audiolres14020027","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres14020027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of endolymphatic duct blockage (EDB) on dizziness control in patients with a large vestibular aqueduct (LVA) and to evaluate its effect on hearing.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This is a prospective nonrandomized study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Five adults and one child with dizziness and five children with progressive hearing loss were referred to our tertiary centers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) and DHI-PC (dizziness handicap inventory-patient caregiver) questionnaires were used before and after surgery. All patients underwent a preoperative temporal bone HRCT scan and pure tone audiometry one day before surgery, then four and twelve months after surgery and at the last follow-up. The mean follow-up time was 5.6 years. Student's <i>t</i>-test was used to compare DHI/-PC results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DHI scores were 44, 24, 84, 59 and 56 before surgery, respectively, for Patients 1 to 5. The DHI scores at four months was significantly different, i.e., 4, 6, 0, 7 and 18 (<i>p</i> = 0.001). No differences were found between 4 and 12 months. Patient 6 (child) had Trisomy 21; their DHI-PC score dropped from 38 (preoperative score) to 8 (postoperative score), showing no activity limitations; clinical evaluation showed the complete resolution of symptoms. We found no significant differences between hearing loss before the surgery and at 1 and 12 months post operation for four adult patients. Our fifth adult patient's hearing changed from severe to profound SNHL. For 5 out of 6 pediatric patients, preoperative PTA and mean ABG were 63 dB and 20 dB, respectively; postoperatively, they improved to 42 dB and 16 dB, respectively. The hearing loss level for the sixth pediatric patient dropped from moderate (PTA = 42 dB) to severe (PTA = 85 dB) due to an opening of the endolymphatic sac and a sudden leak of the endolymph.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EDB, using two titanium clips, seems to be helpful for controlling vestibular symptoms and for stabilizing hearing or even to improve hearing in 82% of cases. Nevertheless, there is a risk of hearing worsening.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10961693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Over-the-Counter (OTC) Hearing Aid Availability across the Spectrum of Human Skin Colors.","authors":"Shade Avery Kirjava, Sam Jones Faulkner","doi":"10.3390/audiolres14020026","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres14020026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids were recently approved for sale in the United States. Research has shown that consumers prefer hearing devices that match their skin color because these devices are less noticeable. Colorism is discrimination against individuals with relatively darker skin that manifests in \"skin-color\" product offerings as products being offered primarily in relatively lighter colors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study compared images of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-registered over-the-counter hearing aids to a range of human skin colors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most over-the-counter hearing aids are only offered in relatively lighter beige colors. Few over-the-counter hearing aids are available in darker skin colors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings may represent structural bias, preventing equitable access to darker skin-color OTC hearing aids for individuals with darker skin.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10961692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renewed Concept of Mastoid Cavity Obliteration with the Use of Temporoparietal Fascial Flap Injected by Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin after Subtotal Petrosectomy for Cochlear Implant Patients","authors":"A. Zwierz, K. Masna, Paweł Burduk, Stephan Hackenberg, Matthias Scheich","doi":"10.3390/audiolres14020025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres14020025","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The subtotal petrosectomy procedure may be useful for cochlear implantation in selected patient groups. Although it is highly effective, complications can arise, which may have economic implications for the patient due to the high cost of the device. Therefore, several authors have attempted to identify the most effective concept for obliteration. Methods: We present a pilot descriptive study of application techniques for obliterating cavities after subtotal petrosectomy using a temporoparietal fascial flap (TPFF) modified with injectable platelet-rich fibrin (IPRF+) for three cochlear implant (CI) patients. Results: Our concept preserves important anatomical structures, such as the temporalis muscle, which covers the CI receiver–stimulator. Injection of IPRF+ also increases the available tissue volume for obliteration and enhances its anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, the use of TPFF for filling the cavity has not been adopted for CI with SP and for blind sac closure. Our literature review and our experience with this small group of patients suggest that this procedure, when combined with IPRF+ injections, may reduce the risk of potential infection in the obliterated cavity, particularly when used with CI. This technique is applicable only in cases when the surgeons are convinced that the middle ear cavity is purged of cholesteatoma.","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140091973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of New Open-Set Speech Material for Use in Clinical Audiology with Speakers of British English.","authors":"Mahmoud Keshavarzi, Marina Salorio-Corbetto, Tobias Reichenbach, Josephine Marriage, Brian C J Moore","doi":"10.3390/audiolres14020024","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres14020024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Chear open-set performance test (COPT), which uses a carrier phrase followed by a monosyllabic test word, is intended for clinical assessment of speech recognition, evaluation of hearing-device performance, and the fine-tuning of hearing devices for speakers of British English. This paper assesses practice effects, test-retest reliability, and the variability across lists of the COPT.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In experiment 1, 16 normal-hearing participants were tested using an initial version of the COPT, at three speech-to-noise ratios (SNRs). Experiment 2 used revised COPT lists, with items swapped between lists to reduce differences in difficulty across lists. In experiment 3, test-retest repeatability was assessed for stimuli presented in quiet, using 15 participants with sensorineural hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After administration of a single practice list, no practice effects were evident. The critical difference between scores for two lists was about 2 words (out of 15) or 5 phonemes (out of 50). The mean estimated SNR required for 74% words correct was -0.56 dB, with a standard deviation across lists of 0.16 dB. For the participants with hearing loss tested in quiet, the critical difference between scores for two lists was about 3 words (out of 15) or 6 phonemes (out of 50).</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10961685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}