CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE最新文献

{"title":"Association between the rs17782313 polymorphism near the MC4R gene, dietary intake, and Pica in pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes melittus","authors":"Laísa Ramos Rodrigues, Karina dos Santos, Eliane Rosado, Katherine Bittencourt, Ana Sophia Lacerda, Letícia Silva, Cláudia Saunders","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the association between rs17782313 polymorphism near the MC4R gene, dietary intake, and Pica in pregnant women with pre-existing DM.</div></div><div>To investigate the association between rs17782313 polymorphism near the MC4R gene, dietary intake, and Pica in pregnant women with pre-existing DM.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study of 102 pregnant women genotyped for the rs17782313 (T/C) polymorphism by real-time PCR. Initial and final food consumption was assessed using a 24-hour food recall at the start of antenatal care and the last antenatal nutrition consultation. Pica and Pica? (the practice of Pica<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->desire to practice the eating disorder) were assessed during consultations using a standardized interview for pregnant women. Comparisons between genotype groups (TT<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->CT<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->CC) were made using parametric tests (Student's <em>t</em>-test) and non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U-test), depending on the normality of the sample. Multivariate logistic regression models were tested for the outcome variable Pica? using the SPSS program version 25, considering <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05 as statistical significance. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Maternity School of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) (CAAE: 46913115.0.0000.5275).</div></div><div>A cross-sectional study of 102 pregnant women genotyped for the rs17782313 (T/C) polymorphism by real-time PCR. Initial and final food consumption was assessed using a 24-hour food recall at the start of antenatal care and the last antenatal nutrition consultation. Pica and Pica? (the practice of Pica<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->desire to practice the eating disorder) were assessed during consultations using a standardized interview for pregnant women. Comparisons between genotype groups (TT<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->CT<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->CC) were made using parametric tests (Student's <em>t</em>-test) and non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U-test), depending on the normality of the sample. Multivariate logistic regression models were tested for the outcome variable Pica? using the SPSS program version 25, considering <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05 as statistical significance. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Maternity School of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) (CAAE: 46913115.0.0000.5275).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pregnant women carrying the C allele had a lower protein intake at the beginning of pregnancy (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.005). At the end of pregnancy, there was no significant difference in total calorie and macronutrient intake between genotypes, and both groups had adequate protein intakes according to recommendations for pregnant women with diabetes (<em>P</em> <!-->><!--> <!-->0.05). The frequency of Pica and the desire to practice of Pica (Pica?) were considered clin","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effects of acute and chronic endurance exercise on genes involved in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid bioconversion","authors":"Talitha Silva Meneguelli, Thaiane da Silva Rios, Camila Venturini Ayres Cunha, Leandro Kansuke Oharomari, Amanda Rocha Fujita, Adelino Sanchez Ramon da Silva, Eduardo Rochete Ropelle, José Rodrigo Pauli, Dennys Esper Cintra","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare the effects of acute and chronic endurance exercise on the gene expression of enzymes involved in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs) bioconversion.</div></div><div>To compare the effects of acute and chronic endurance exercise on the gene expression of enzymes involved in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs) bioconversion.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male C57BL/6 mice (12 weeks old; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6/group) were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) sedentary; (2) acute exercise; and (3) chronic exercise. All the procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Laboratory Animals (CEUA: 6411-1/2024). The acute experimental protocol lasted 24<!--> <!-->hours, whereas the chronic protocol lasted 6 weeks. The exercise protocol consisted of a treadmill running performed without incline for 60<!--> <!-->min at 60% of peak workload. At the end of the protocol, the animals were euthanized, and the liver, epididymal adipose tissue, gastrocnemius and soleo muscles, hypothalamus, and hippocampus were collected for gene expression analyses using RT-qPCR. GraphPad Prism version 8 was used for statistical analyses. Data are expressed as mean<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->SD. Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test or Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn's test, adopting a significance level of 5% (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div>Male C57BL/6 mice (12 weeks old; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6/group) were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) sedentary; (2) acute exercise; and (3) chronic exercise. All the procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Laboratory Animals (CEUA: 6411-1/2024). The acute experimental protocol lasted 24<!--> <!-->hours, whereas the chronic protocol lasted 6 weeks. The exercise protocol consisted of a treadmill running performed without incline for 60<!--> <!-->min at 60% of peak workload. At the end of the protocol, the animals were euthanized, and the liver, epididymal adipose tissue, gastrocnemius and soleo muscles, hypothalamus, and hippocampus were collected for gene expression analyses using RT-qPCR. GraphPad Prism version 8 was used for statistical analyses. Data are expressed as mean<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->SD. Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test or Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn's test, adopting a significance level of 5% (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the gastrocnemius muscle, acute physical exercise increased the expression of the Fads1 and Elovl5 genes when compared to sedentary and chronic physical exercise. In the soleus muscle, chronic exercise reduced Elovl5 expression. In the central nervous system, chronic exercise reduced hypothalamic Fads1 and increased Fads2 expression. No statistically significant differences were found in the other tissues evaluated, for either chronic or acute e","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum metabolomic signatures associated with protein intake among Brazilian children aged 6–59 months: Results from the National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019)","authors":"Driele Rodrigues, Samary da Silva Rosa Freire, Adriana Divina de Souza Campos, Yve Ferreira, Lucas Goldenberg Vicente, Paula Normando, Victor Keller, Gilberto Kac","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate associations between dietary protein intake and serum metabolomic profiles in children aged 6–59 months.</div></div><div>To investigate associations between dietary protein intake and serum metabolomic profiles in children aged 6–59 months.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 5001 children from the National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019) were analyzed. The dietary protein intake was estimated using a 24<!--> <!-->h dietary recall and expressed in g/kg/day. The serum metabolomic profile was assessed through untargeted analysis by Multisegmented injection-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (MSI-CE-MS). Partial least squares regression was applied to identify the most important metabolites (variable importance in projection, VIP<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->1), followed by adjusted linear regression models. The models were stratified by age group (6–23; 24–35; 36–59 months) and sex, and were adjusted for sex, age in months and minimum dietary diversity. False discovery rate was controlled using the Benjamini–Hochberg correction. Approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); all participants gave informed consent (CAAE 89798718.7.0000.5257).</div></div><div>Data from 5001 children from the National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019) were analyzed. The dietary protein intake was estimated using a 24<!--> <!-->h dietary recall and expressed in g/kg/day. The serum metabolomic profile was assessed through untargeted analysis by Multisegmented injection-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (MSI-CE-MS). Partial least squares regression was applied to identify the most important metabolites (variable importance in projection, VIP<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->1), followed by adjusted linear regression models. The models were stratified by age group (6–23; 24–35; 36–59 months) and sex, and were adjusted for sex, age in months and minimum dietary diversity. False discovery rate was controlled using the Benjamini–Hochberg correction. Approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); all participants gave informed consent (CAAE 89798718.7.0000.5257).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median protein intake was 3.5<!--> <!-->g/kg/day and did not differ by sex. Small variations were observed across age groups: 3.9<!--> <!-->g (6–23 months), 3.8<!--> <!-->g (24–35 months), and 3.2<!--> <!-->g (36–59 months). Protein intake was positively associated with trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) (β<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.034), creatine (β<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.028), valine (β<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.023), 2-aminobutyric acid (β<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.020), 5-AVAB (β<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.018), tyrosine (β<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.018), alanine (β<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.016), and 2-hydroxybutyric acid (β<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise as a modulator of inflammasome activation in obesity-related inflammation","authors":"Barrón-Cabrera Elisa, Cristerna-Huerta Salma, Reyes-Trujillo Diana, Vergara-Jimenez Marcela de Jesús, Beltrán-Ontiveros Saúl Armando, Zatarain-López José Ricardo, Martínez-López Erika","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate how structured exercise modalities (moderate-intensity, functional progressive, or intermittent) combined with dietary restriction or omega-3 supplementation modulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation and metabolic markers in obesity.</div></div><div>To evaluate how structured exercise modalities (moderate-intensity, functional progressive, or intermittent) combined with dietary restriction or omega-3 supplementation modulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation and metabolic markers in obesity.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from three clinical trials evaluating adults with obesity were synthesized. Interventions spanned 12 weeks to 4 months, evaluating individualized exercise training (moderate structured, progressive functional, or intermittent) paired with a 20% hypocaloric diet or polyunsaturated fatty acid (EPA/DHA) supplementation. Anthropometric and biochemical markers were monitored. Peripheral blood gene expression of inflammasome components (<em>NLRP3, ASC, CASP1</em>) was quantified using real-time PCR.</div></div><div>Data from three clinical trials evaluating adults with obesity were synthesized. Interventions spanned 12 weeks to 4 months, evaluating individualized exercise training (moderate structured, progressive functional, or intermittent) paired with a 20% hypocaloric diet or polyunsaturated fatty acid (EPA/DHA) supplementation. Anthropometric and biochemical markers were monitored. Peripheral blood gene expression of inflammasome components (<em>NLRP3, ASC, CASP1</em>) was quantified using real-time PCR.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Lifestyle modifications consistently optimized body composition, reducing visceral fat and waist circumference (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05), while improving muscle, lipid and glucose profiles (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). Additionally, structured exercise combined with hypocaloric diets significantly down-regulated <em>ASC</em> mRNA expression and lowered circulating inflammatory chemokines like MCP-1. Progressive functional exercise uniquely suppressed <em>CASPASE-1</em> transcription and lowered fasting insulin. Preliminary findings from the ongoing trial integrating intermittent training with omega-3 supplementation reinforce these metabolic improvements, demonstrating high adherence and no adverse effects.</div></div><div>Lifestyle modifications consistently optimized body composition, reducing visceral fat and waist circumference (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05), while improving muscle, lipid and glucose profiles (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). Additionally, structured exercise combined with hypocaloric diets significantly down-regulated <em>ASC</em> mRNA expression and lowered circulating inflammatory chemokines like MCP-1. Progressive functional exercise uniquely suppressed <em>CASPASE-1</em> transcription and lowered fasting insulin. Preliminary findings from the ongoing trial integrating intermittent training with omega-3 s","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of acute endurance exercise on the gene expression of elongases and desaturases: A multiorgan approach","authors":"Talitha Silva Meneguelli, Thaiane da Silva Rios, Camila Venturini Ayres Cunha, Leandro Kansuke Oharomari, Amanda Rocha Fujita, Adelino Sanchez Ramon da Silva, Eduardo Rochete Ropelle, José Rodrigo Pauli, Dennys Esper Cintra","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate whether acute endurance exercise induces multiorgan changes in the gene expression of elongases and desaturases involved in the bioconversion of longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs).</div></div><div>To investigate whether acute endurance exercise induces multiorgan changes in the gene expression of elongases and desaturases involved in the bioconversion of longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs).</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male C57BL/6 mice (12 weeks old; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6/group) were used in this study. The animals were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) sedentary receiving saline (100<!--> <!-->μL; Sed<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->Saline); (2) sedentary receiving flaxseed oil (100<!--> <!-->μL; Sed<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->FO); (3) exercised receiving saline (100<!--> <!-->μL; Exe<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->Saline); and (4) exercised receiving flaxseed oil (100<!--> <!-->μL; Exe<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->FO). All the procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Laboratory Animals (CEUA: 6411-1/2024). The experimental protocol lasted 24<!--> <!-->h. The acute exercise protocol consisted of a single bout of treadmill running performed without incline for 60<!--> <!-->min at 60% of peak workload. At the end of the protocol, liver, epididymal adipose tissue, gastrocnemius and soleo muscles, hypothalamus, and hippocampus were collected for RNA extraction. Gene expression analyses of Fads1, Fads2, Elovl2, and Elovl5 were performed using RT-qPCR. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism version 8. Data are expressed as mean<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->SD. Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test or Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn's test, adopting a significance level of 5% (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div>Male C57BL/6 mice (12 weeks old; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6/group) were used in this study. The animals were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) sedentary receiving saline (100<!--> <!-->μL; Sed<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->Saline); (2) sedentary receiving flaxseed oil (100<!--> <!-->μL; Sed<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->FO); (3) exercised receiving saline (100<!--> <!-->μL; Exe<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->Saline); and (4) exercised receiving flaxseed oil (100<!--> <!-->μL; Exe<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->FO). All the procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Laboratory Animals (CEUA: 6411-1/2024). The experimental protocol lasted 24<!--> <!-->h. The acute exercise protocol consisted of a single bout of treadmill running performed without incline for 60<!--> <!-->min at 60% of peak workload. At the end of the protocol, liver, epididymal adipose tissue, gastrocnemius and soleo muscles, hypothalamus, and hippocampus were collected for RNA extraction. Gene expression analyses of Fads1, Fads2, Elovl2, and Elovl5 were performed using RT-qPCR. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism vers","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico evaluation of naringin – CCR2 interactions and their relevance to inflammation modulation","authors":"Jesús-Iván Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Guadalupe Ávalos-Navarro, Ignacio Valenzuela-Chavira, Karina González-Becerra","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Objective</h3><div>Chronic low-grade inflammation is a key feature of obesity and other metabolic disorders, with the CCL2/CCR2 signaling axis playing a central role in immune cell recruitment and inflammatory responses. Naringin, a bioactive flavonoid naturally present in citrus fruits, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties in experimental studies. This study aimed to evaluate, through in silico analysis, the interaction of naringin with CCR2 and its potential to competitively occupy the receptor binding site, thereby interfering with CCL2-mediated receptor activation.</div></div><div>Chronic low-grade inflammation is a key feature of obesity and other metabolic disorders, with the CCL2/CCR2 signaling axis playing a central role in immune cell recruitment and inflammatory responses. Naringin, a bioactive flavonoid naturally present in citrus fruits, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties in experimental studies. This study aimed to evaluate, through in silico analysis, the interaction of naringin with CCR2 and its potential to competitively occupy the receptor binding site, thereby interfering with CCL2-mediated receptor activation.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An in silico molecular docking analysis was performed using the three-dimensional structure of the human CCR2. Naringin was evaluated as the test compound, while abaucin (RS102895), a previously reported CCR2 antagonist, was used as a control ligand. SwissDock was used to predict ligand–receptor interactions and estimate binding free energies (ΔG). Conserved residues and interaction profiles were analyzed using LigPlot+, while PyMOL was employed for structural analysis and three-dimensional visualization of the ligand–receptor complexes. The binding affinities, interaction patterns, and key residues involved in ligand recognition were compared between naringin and abaucin.</div></div><div>An in silico molecular docking analysis was performed using the three-dimensional structure of the human CCR2. Naringin was evaluated as the test compound, while abaucin (RS102895), a previously reported CCR2 antagonist, was used as a control ligand. SwissDock was used to predict ligand–receptor interactions and estimate binding free energies (ΔG). Conserved residues and interaction profiles were analyzed using LigPlot+, while PyMOL was employed for structural analysis and three-dimensional visualization of the ligand–receptor complexes. The binding affinities, interaction patterns, and key residues involved in ligand recognition were compared between naringin and abaucin.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Docking analysis revealed that naringin exhibited a binding affinity comparable to that of abaucin toward the CCR2 activation site. Naringin established interactions with several key amino acid residues involved in ligand recognition, displaying an interaction profile like that observed for the reference ant","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating nutritional biomarkers into precision nutrition research and practice","authors":"Ana Laura de la Garza","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Precision nutrition seeks to optimize dietary recommendations by integrating biological, clinical, and environmental determinants of individual variability. Nutritional biomarkers have emerged as essential tools to characterize dietary exposure, metabolic responses, and disease risk.</div></div><div>Precision nutrition seeks to optimize dietary recommendations by integrating biological, clinical, and environmental determinants of individual variability. Nutritional biomarkers have emerged as essential tools to characterize dietary exposure, metabolic responses, and disease risk.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This invited lecture synthesized evidence from human, clinical, and experimental studies examining the application of nutritional biomarkers in precision nutrition. Findings from fatty acid profiles from phospholipid (PL) and cholesterol ester (CE) fractions, gut microbiome, nutrigenetics, and ongoing multi-omics analyses were integrated to illustrate current applications and future directions.</div></div><div>This invited lecture synthesized evidence from human, clinical, and experimental studies examining the application of nutritional biomarkers in precision nutrition. Findings from fatty acid profiles from phospholipid (PL) and cholesterol ester (CE) fractions, gut microbiome, nutrigenetics, and ongoing multi-omics analyses were integrated to illustrate current applications and future directions.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The evidence demonstrated that circulating fatty acid profiles, particularly within serum phospholipids and cholesteryl esters, objectively reflected dietary patterns and were associated with systemic inflammation, and metabolic risk. Experimental studies further showed that dietary modulation of the gut microbiota altered lipid metabolism, endotoxemia, inflammatory pathways, and host metabolic responses, highlighting the central role of microbiota-derived metabolites as emerging nutritional biomarkers. In addition, nutrigenetic evidence indicated that genetic variability contributes to heterogeneous responses to dietary interventions, supporting the incorporation of polygenic information into personalized nutrition strategies. Finally, ongoing analyses from the oriGen cohort illustrated how integrating nutritional biomarkers with anthropometric, clinical, and lifestyle data enables the characterization of distinct cardiometabolic and obesity phenotypes, providing a more comprehensive framework for predicting disease risk and therapeutic response.</div></div><div>The evidence demonstrated that circulating fatty acid profiles, particularly within serum phospholipids and cholesteryl esters, objectively reflected dietary patterns and were associated with systemic inflammation, and metabolic risk. Experimental studies further showed that dietary modulation of the gut microbiota altered lipid metabolism, endotoxemia, inflammatory pathways, and host metabolic responses, highlighting the centr","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e6-e7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial to the Proceedings of the International Congress of the Ibero-American Network on Nutriomics and Precision Nutrition (RINN22)","authors":"The Organizing Committee - International Congress of the RINN22","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e1-e2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota beta-diversity and genus-level differential abundance in GCK-MODY and HNF1A-MODY: A pilot study","authors":"Érika Duarte Ostemberg, Jullyanne Gil, Luma de Sousa Silva, Maria Fernanda Pessoa Maia, Gabriella de Medeiros Abreu, Eliane Lopes Rosado, Mário Campos Junior","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate differences in gut microbiota (GM) beta-diversity and genus-level differential abundance between individuals with glucokinase-maturity-onset diabetes of the young (GCK-MODY) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha (HNF1A-MODY).</div></div><div>To investigate differences in gut microbiota (GM) beta-diversity and genus-level differential abundance between individuals with glucokinase-maturity-onset diabetes of the young (GCK-MODY) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha (HNF1A-MODY).</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This observational study included 33 individuals with genetically confirmed MODY caused by pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the GCK (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->16) and HNF1A (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->17) genes, classified according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. Participants had a mean age of 38.3<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->14.7 years. Blood samples were collected for genetic analysis, and fecal samples were obtained using a swab-based stool collection kit for DNA extraction and <em>16S rRNA</em> gene sequencing. GM beta-diversity was assessed using Bray–Curtis, Jaccard, unweighted UniFrac, and weighted UniFrac distance metrics. Differential abundance analyses at the genus level were performed using LinDA, limma-voom, and MaAsLin2. Statistical analyses were conducted in R version 4.2.1, with <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05 considered statistically significant. The study received ethical approval from HUCFF/UFRJ (CAAE 04232512.4.0000.5257), IPPMG/UFRJ (Approval No. 6.126.045), and IOC/FIOCRUZ (CAAE 44726720.4.0000.5248).</div></div><div>This observational study included 33 individuals with genetically confirmed MODY caused by pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the GCK (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->16) and HNF1A (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->17) genes, classified according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. Participants had a mean age of 38.3<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->14.7 years. Blood samples were collected for genetic analysis, and fecal samples were obtained using a swab-based stool collection kit for DNA extraction and <em>16S rRNA</em> gene sequencing. GM beta-diversity was assessed using Bray–Curtis, Jaccard, unweighted UniFrac, and weighted UniFrac distance metrics. Differential abundance analyses at the genus level were performed using LinDA, limma-voom, and MaAsLin2. Statistical analyses were conducted in R version 4.2.1, with <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05 considered statistically significant. The study received ethical approval from HUCFF/UFRJ (CAAE 04232512.4.0000.5257), IPPMG/UFRJ (Approval No. 6.126.045), and IOC/FIOCRUZ (CAAE 44726720.4.0000.5248).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences in beta-diversity were observed between groups. Weighted UniFrac analysis suggested differences in GM community structure between GCK-MODY and HNF1A-MODY individuals (PERMANOVA, R<sup>2</sup> <","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of bioactive compounds in inflammation: Omic studies","authors":"M. Elizabeth Tejero","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To summarize the findings of studies of the effects of the intake ω3 fatty acids and epicatechin on gene expression using omic methods.</div></div><div>To summarize the findings of studies of the effects of the intake ω3 fatty acids and epicatechin on gene expression using omic methods.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Intervention protocols conducted at INMEGEN included human and in vitro studies that tested the effects of ω3 fatty acids and epicatechin on gene expression in blood cells, using RNA-seq, RNA microarrays, RT-PCR and metabolomics analyses. The included studies were conducted in adult participants with different conditions including obesity, exposure to tobacco and healthy non-smokers, using different supplementation protocols (compound, dose and time).</div></div><div>Intervention protocols conducted at INMEGEN included human and in vitro studies that tested the effects of ω3 fatty acids and epicatechin on gene expression in blood cells, using RNA-seq, RNA microarrays, RT-PCR and metabolomics analyses. The included studies were conducted in adult participants with different conditions including obesity, exposure to tobacco and healthy non-smokers, using different supplementation protocols (compound, dose and time).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Intervention studies using fish oil (FO) conducted in young adults showed significant improvement of glucose metabolism, with diverse responses. Participants with the largest increase and decrease in fasting insulin were selected for the transcriptome analysis in PBMC. Transcripts with significant changes are related with inflammatory response and glucose metabolism. Another study conducted in participants with obesity analyzed the effects of supplementation with a high dose of FO on circulating T regulatory cells (Tregs) transcriptome, showing a decrease in inflammation-related pathways. Studies testing the effects of supplementation with epicatechin (EC) on gene expression in PBMC showed an increase in the expression of genes related with antioxidant activity in healthy participants, with increase in the concentration of circulating EC metabolites. Small effects were observed in genes related with inflammation. In a different study, the intake of EC significantly modified the expression of genes involved in inflammation and antioxidant activity in active tobacco smokers in PBMC cells. A study conducted in cultured HUVEC analyzed the effect of EC on the response to liposaccharide (LPS) using RNA-seq, showing a significant decrease of the inflammatory response at different doses.</div></div><div>Intervention studies using fish oil (FO) conducted in young adults showed significant improvement of glucose metabolism, with diverse responses. Participants with the largest increase and decrease in fasting insulin were selected for the transcriptome analysis in PBMC. Transcripts with significant changes are related with inflammatory response and glucose metabolism. Another","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}