CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE最新文献

{"title":"Emotional eating, food cravings, and metabolic markers in overweight adults","authors":"Gustavo Braga, Kamile Abreu Inacio, Mayla Grifo de Souza, Shaiane Berçan Vittorazzi, Fabiana de Cássia Carvalho Oliveira, André Gustavo Vasconcelos Costa, Mirelle Lomar Viana, Maria das Graças Vaz Tostes","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the associations between emotional eating (EE) and food craving (FC) with hormonal markers (cortisol and insulin) and body composition indicators (BMI and visceral fat level) in adults with overweight or obesity.</div></div><div>This study aimed to investigate the associations between emotional eating (EE) and food craving (FC) with hormonal markers (cortisol and insulin) and body composition indicators (BMI and visceral fat level) in adults with overweight or obesity.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is an exploratory cross-sectional observational study with preliminary results from a larger dataset. Twenty-three overweight adults were evaluated. Participants completed the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQR21) and the Food Craving Questionnaire-State (FCQ-S), and underwent anthropometric assessment, biochemical tests, and bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody®). Physical and mental stress levels were self reported by participants on a four-category scale (low, moderate, high, and very high). Statistical analyses were performed using Stata software. Data normality was assessed by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Correlations were estimated using Pearson's coefficient, and comparisons between independent groups were performed by oneway ANOVA. Statistical significance was set at <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee under protocol number No. 7.357.997.</div></div><div>This is an exploratory cross-sectional observational study with preliminary results from a larger dataset. Twenty-three overweight adults were evaluated. Participants completed the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQR21) and the Food Craving Questionnaire-State (FCQ-S), and underwent anthropometric assessment, biochemical tests, and bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody®). Physical and mental stress levels were self reported by participants on a four-category scale (low, moderate, high, and very high). Statistical analyses were performed using Stata software. Data normality was assessed by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Correlations were estimated using Pearson's coefficient, and comparisons between independent groups were performed by oneway ANOVA. Statistical significance was set at <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee under protocol number No. 7.357.997.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->standard deviation EE score was 50.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->32.1 and FC score was 40.1<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->11.1. The sample had a mean BMI of 33.4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->7.2<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>, visceral fat level of 17.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5.6 (InBody score), mean insulin of 12.9<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->10.6<!--> <!-->μIU/mL, and mean cortisol of 12.6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5.3 mcg/dL. No statistically significant correlations were observed between FC and insulin (<em>P</em> <!-->","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e50-e51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telomere length as a predictor of obesity: A longitudinal analysis in ELSA-Brasil","authors":"Alessandra Silva, Lidyane do Vale Camelo, Amanda Viana Machado, Marina Campos Araújo, Alexandre da Costa Pereira, Luana Giatti Gonçalves, Maria de Jesus Mendes da Fonseca, Sandhi Maria Barreto, Rosane Harter Griep","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the association of telomere length (TL) with obesity in a sub sample of participants from the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).</div></div><div>To investigate the association of telomere length (TL) with obesity in a sub sample of participants from the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis with data from the ELSA-Brasil cohort (ethics committees’ number 976/2006): baseline: 2008–2010; wave 2: 2012–2014; wave 3: 2017–2019. All participants signed an informed consent form. TL was measured using qPCR at baseline, age-corrected, and categorized into tertiles (T1: long; T2: medium; T3: short). Obesity was defined as a body mass index<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->30<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The cross-sectional (baseline) association of TL with obesity was assessed using multiple logistic regression. To assess the longitudinal association of baseline TL tertiles and obesity through the waves, a Generalized Linear Mixed Model with a binomial distribution and a random intercept per individual was used. Time was modeled as a categorical variable representing the follow-up waves. Sex, schooling, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, and energy intake were used as adjustments. Data were presented as Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% CI using R software (v4.4.0) and α of 5%.</div></div><div>This was a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis with data from the ELSA-Brasil cohort (ethics committees’ number 976/2006): baseline: 2008–2010; wave 2: 2012–2014; wave 3: 2017–2019. All participants signed an informed consent form. TL was measured using qPCR at baseline, age-corrected, and categorized into tertiles (T1: long; T2: medium; T3: short). Obesity was defined as a body mass index<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->30<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The cross-sectional (baseline) association of TL with obesity was assessed using multiple logistic regression. To assess the longitudinal association of baseline TL tertiles and obesity through the waves, a Generalized Linear Mixed Model with a binomial distribution and a random intercept per individual was used. Time was modeled as a categorical variable representing the follow-up waves. Sex, schooling, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, and energy intake were used as adjustments. Data were presented as Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% CI using R software (v4.4.0) and α of 5%.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1,830 participants were evaluated. They were 52.35 (SD 9.09) years old, most were female, had completed higher education, never smoked, engaged in light physical activity, and were alcohol users. The prevalence of obesity in baseline and in waves 2 and 3 was 19.1%, 21.8%, and 24.8%, respectively. In a cross-sectional analysis, individuals in the second and third thirds of TL (shorter TL) had 47% and 53% higher odds of obesity, respectively, regardless of confounders. The tem","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e41-e42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chrononutrition behavior patterns and adiposity markers in adults with overweight and obesity (GenON Program)","authors":"Polimar Ferreira Fonseca, Laís Teixeira Campos, Isabella Mendes, Karla Pereira Balbino, Flávia Galvão Cândido, Ana Claudia Pelissari Kravchychyn, Josefina Bressan, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate chrononutrition patterns and their relationship with adiposity in adults with overweight and obesity.</div></div><div>To investigate chrononutrition patterns and their relationship with adiposity in adults with overweight and obesity.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 113 adults from the baseline data of the GenON program. The study was approved by the CEP-UFV (No. 7,283,411) and registered at the ReBEC (RBR-8csbc2g). Chrononutrition variables were obtained from three food records (two weekdays and one weekend day), including the timing of the first (FEO) and last (LEO) eating occasions, the eating midpoint (EM), and the eating window (EW). These variables were standardized as z-scores and analyzed using k-means clustering, with the optimal number of clusters determined by the Elbow method. Comparisons between clusters included chrononutrition variables, BMI, body fat mass (BFM), and trunk fat mass (TFM). We performed ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis tests with appropriate post-hoc analyses (R software, v. 4.5.2, alpha<!--> <!--><<!--> <!-->5%).</div></div><div>This cross-sectional study included 113 adults from the baseline data of the GenON program. The study was approved by the CEP-UFV (No. 7,283,411) and registered at the ReBEC (RBR-8csbc2g). Chrononutrition variables were obtained from three food records (two weekdays and one weekend day), including the timing of the first (FEO) and last (LEO) eating occasions, the eating midpoint (EM), and the eating window (EW). These variables were standardized as z-scores and analyzed using k-means clustering, with the optimal number of clusters determined by the Elbow method. Comparisons between clusters included chrononutrition variables, BMI, body fat mass (BFM), and trunk fat mass (TFM). We performed ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis tests with appropriate post-hoc analyses (R software, v. 4.5.2, alpha<!--> <!--><<!--> <!-->5%).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants (33 men and 80 women) had a mean age of 36.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->8.1 years and mean BMI of 33.3<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->3.3<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>. We identified 3 clusters: cluster 1 showed early eating onset [7.53 (7.14–8.00)], late LEO [20.83 (20.33–21.45)], intermediate EM [14.20 (13.91–14.61)], and the largest EW [13.17 (12.72–14.13)]. Cluster 2 presented a more advanced and restricted pattern, with earlier FEO [8.00 (7.33–8.33)] and LEO [19.50 (18.86–19.67)], lower EM [13.65 (13.19–14.03)], and shorter EW [11.61 (10.72–12.08)]. Cluster 3 had later FEO [9.65 (9.10–10.33)] and LEO [21.17 (20.51–22.28)], higher EM [15.42 (15.04–15.95)], and EW similar to cluster 2 [11.53 (10.62–12.33)]. There were significant differences for BMI (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.018), BFM (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.002), and TFM (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.003), with the highest values in cluster 3 [34.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->3.3<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 41.3<!--> <!-->±<!-","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e44-e45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenolic-rich grape pomace extract mitigates metabolic endotoxemia and hippocampal inflammation in obese mice","authors":"Indira Martínez Jiménez, Victoria Muscia Saez, Fernanda Marra, Andrea N. Antoniolli, Diahann J. Perdicaro, Marcela A. Vazquez Prieto","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity and high-fat diet (HFD) consumption are associated with increased intestinal permeability and enhanced translocation of endotoxins, which may contribute to neuroinflammation. We previously demonstrated that grape pomace extract (GPE), a phenolic-rich by product of winemaking, ameliorates HFD-induced obesity, intestinal permeability, and systemic inflammation.</div></div><div>Obesity and high-fat diet (HFD) consumption are associated with increased intestinal permeability and enhanced translocation of endotoxins, which may contribute to neuroinflammation. We previously demonstrated that grape pomace extract (GPE), a phenolic-rich by product of winemaking, ameliorates HFD-induced obesity, intestinal permeability, and systemic inflammation.</div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The present study investigated whether dietary GPE could attenuate hippocampal inflammation in HFD-fed mice.</div></div><div>The present study investigated whether dietary GPE could attenuate hippocampal inflammation in HFD-fed mice.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a standard diet (16%<!--> <!-->kcal from fat) or an HFD (60%<!--> <!-->kcal from fat), with or without GPE supplementation (300<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day), for 13 weeks (Protocol approval N<sup>o</sup> 240/2023, Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the School of Medical Science, University of Cuyo). Metabolic parameters, circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, and markers of hippocampal inflammation were evaluated.</div></div><div>Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a standard diet (16%<!--> <!-->kcal from fat) or an HFD (60%<!--> <!-->kcal from fat), with or without GPE supplementation (300<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day), for 13 weeks (Protocol approval N<sup>o</sup> 240/2023, Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the School of Medical Science, University of Cuyo). Metabolic parameters, circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, and markers of hippocampal inflammation were evaluated.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HFD feeding induced obesity, increased visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and metabolic endotoxemia, as evidenced by elevated plasma LPS concentrations. These alterations were accompanied by increased hippocampal expression of inflammatory and microglial activation markers, including ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). GPE supplementation significantly attenuated metabolic disturbances, reduced circulating LPS levels, and prevented the HFD-induced increase in hippocampal inflammatory markers.</div></div><div>HFD feeding induced obesity, increased visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and metabolic endotoxemia, as evidenced by elevated plasma LPS concentrations. These alterations were accompanied by increased hippocampal expression of inflammatory and microglial activation markers, including ionize","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e17-e18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of pre-gestational BMI and FTO rs9939609 with Diabetes Mellitus in Brazilian women","authors":"Lívia Oliveira e Espindola, José Guilherme Santana Santos, Ana Sophia Soares Pessoa Nobre de Lacerda, Manuela Barreto, Laura Almeida de Assis, Kim Yasmin Carvalho, Maira Coppola Auler, Felipe Rabelo, Katherine Bittencourt Mendes, Karina dos Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>High pre-gestational body mass index (BMI) and genetic variants such as the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism have been associated with increased insulin resistance and impaired glucose homeostasis during pregnancy. This study investigated the association of pre-gestational BMI and the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in Brazilian women.</div></div><div>High pre-gestational body mass index (BMI) and genetic variants such as the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism have been associated with increased insulin resistance and impaired glucose homeostasis during pregnancy. This study investigated the association of pre-gestational BMI and the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in Brazilian women.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included adult women (≥<!--> <!-->20 years old), between 6 weeks and 1 year postpartum, following a singleton live birth. Participants were recruited at a Brazilian public university hospital between 2024 and May 2025. The study was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee (CAAE 70713423.8.0000.5258; approval number 6.273.645). GDM was identified by self-report during the interview. Pre-gestational weight and height were obtained from prenatal records or, when unavailable, by self-report, and BMI was calculated as weight (kg)/height (m<sup>2</sup>). Saliva samples were collected for rs9939609 genotyping using real-time PCR. Associations with GDM were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.0, adopting a significance level of 5%.</div></div><div>This cross-sectional study included adult women (≥<!--> <!-->20 years old), between 6 weeks and 1 year postpartum, following a singleton live birth. Participants were recruited at a Brazilian public university hospital between 2024 and May 2025. The study was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee (CAAE 70713423.8.0000.5258; approval number 6.273.645). GDM was identified by self-report during the interview. Pre-gestational weight and height were obtained from prenatal records or, when unavailable, by self-report, and BMI was calculated as weight (kg)/height (m<sup>2</sup>). Saliva samples were collected for rs9939609 genotyping using real-time PCR. Associations with GDM were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.0, adopting a significance level of 5%.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 122 women were included in the study, with a median age of 28 years (IQR 24.6–32.5). The prevalence of pre-gestational overweight or obesity was 58.1%, while 27.0% of participants reported GDM. The frequency of the rs9939609 A risk allele was 47.0%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that higher pre-gestational BMI was associated with an increased likelihood of GDM (adjusted OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.097; 95% CI: 1.018–1.162). In addition, c","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological improvement and pelletization of high-fat diets: Metabolic efficiency in an animal model of obesity","authors":"Letícia Maria Paula da Silva, Maria Luiza Salmazo Gatz, Danillo Henrique Travensolo Buoro, Julia Bôro de Lima, Thaiane da Silva Rios, Camila Venturini Ayres Cunha, Leandro Kansuke Oharomari, Talitha Silva Meneguelli, José Rodrigo Pauli, Eduardo Rochete Ropelle, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva, Susana Castelo Branco Ramos Nakandakari, Chiu Chih Ming, Maria Cristina C. Nucci Mascarenhas, Dennys Esper Correa Cintra","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><div>High-fat diets (HFD) are widely used to induce experimental obesity, but their soft, pasty consistency can interfere with food intake, animal behavior, shelf life, and cage hygiene. This study aimed to improve the technological texture of traditional HFD to produce durable, resistant pellets that encourage the gnawing habits of rodents while maintaining obesogenic efficiency.</div></div><div>High-fat diets (HFD) are widely used to induce experimental obesity, but their soft, pasty consistency can interfere with food intake, animal behavior, shelf life, and cage hygiene. This study aimed to improve the technological texture of traditional HFD to produce durable, resistant pellets that encourage the gnawing habits of rodents while maintaining obesogenic efficiency.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifteen formulations were developed based on the American Institute of Nutrition standards, varying solids, fat content, temperature, processing methods, and a food structuring agent. Texture analysis, snap tests (universal texturometer), water activity, and oil exudation were evaluated. The top formulations were tested in male Swiss mice (4 weeks old, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6/group) for 8 weeks (Ethics Committee 6173-1/2023). Groups included: commercial normocaloric diet (A), traditional soft HFD (B), new soft diet 2 (C), new pelletized diet 3 (D), and new pelletized diet 4 (E). Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (<em>P</em> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div>Fifteen formulations were developed based on the American Institute of Nutrition standards, varying solids, fat content, temperature, processing methods, and a food structuring agent. Texture analysis, snap tests (universal texturometer), water activity, and oil exudation were evaluated. The top formulations were tested in male Swiss mice (4 weeks old, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6/group) for 8 weeks (Ethics Committee 6173-1/2023). Groups included: commercial normocaloric diet (A), traditional soft HFD (B), new soft diet 2 (C), new pelletized diet 3 (D), and new pelletized diet 4 (E). Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (<em>P</em> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->0.05).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Material selection and processing significantly altered pellet hardness. Texture analysis and snap tests showed that increasing dextrinized starch or cellulose did not improve hardness; however, grain size and ingredient addition order had a major impact. All reformulations exhibited low water activity. The pelletized diets (D and E) showed low oil exudation, minimizing fat loss to the environment. In the animal model, the new formulations (C, D, and E) induced significantly higher weight gain, larger waist circumference, and a higher body fat percentage compared to the normocaloric diet (A) or the unimproved traditional HFD (B).</div></div><div>Material selection and processing significantly altered","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e45-e46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha-linolenic acid bioconversion into long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in murine peripheral tissues","authors":"Thaiane da Silva Rios, Talitha Siva Meneguelli, Camila Venturini Ayres Cunha, Amanda Rocha Fujita, Leandro Kansuke Oharomari, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva, Eduardo Rochete Ropelle, José Rodrigo Pauli, Dennys Esper Cintra","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the tissue-specific bioconversion of alpha-linolenic acid derived from flaxseed oil into EPA and DHA in the liver, muscle, and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) of mice.</div></div><div>To investigate the tissue-specific bioconversion of alpha-linolenic acid derived from flaxseed oil into EPA and DHA in the liver, muscle, and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) of mice.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of UNICAMP (CEUA; protocol no. 6398-1/2024). Male C57BL/6 mice (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->7/group) received 100<!--> <!-->μL of saline or flaxseed oil- FO (≈48% ALA), and were euthanized at 0, 4, 8, 16, or 24<!--> <!-->hours. Liver, muscle, epididymal white adipose tissue, and serum were collected for fatty acid profiling by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Hepatic, muscular, and eWAT expression of Fads1, Fads2, Elovl2, and Elovl5 was assessed by RT-qPCR. Statistical analyses were performed using Student's <em>t</em>-test or Mann-Whitney test for baseline comparisons, and one-way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis test for time-course analyses, with significance set at <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05.</div></div><div>The study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of UNICAMP (CEUA; protocol no. 6398-1/2024). Male C57BL/6 mice (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->7/group) received 100<!--> <!-->μL of saline or flaxseed oil- FO (≈48% ALA), and were euthanized at 0, 4, 8, 16, or 24<!--> <!-->hours. Liver, muscle, epididymal white adipose tissue, and serum were collected for fatty acid profiling by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Hepatic, muscular, and eWAT expression of Fads1, Fads2, Elovl2, and Elovl5 was assessed by RT-qPCR. Statistical analyses were performed using Student's <em>t</em>-test or Mann-Whitney test for baseline comparisons, and one-way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis test for time-course analyses, with significance set at <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the liver, Fads1, Fads2, and Elovl5 expression increased 16<!--> <!-->h after FO administration compared to control (FO 0<!--> <!-->h), whereas Elovl2 remained unchanged. In muscle, only Elovl5 expression was elevated at 16<!--> <!-->h, while no changes were observed in epididymal white adipose tissue. Hepatic lipid analysis revealed a peak in ALA levels at 4<!--> <!-->h following FO administration. EPA levels also increased at 4<!--> <!-->h and remained elevated up to 24<!--> <!-->h, whereas DHA levels remained unchanged across time points. In muscle, ALA levels increased at 4<!--> <!-->h and 24<!--> <!-->h, while EPA and DHA levels decreased at 24<!--> <!-->h. No differences in ALA, EPA, or DHA levels were observed in epididymal white adipose tissue. In serum, ALA levels increased at 4<!--> <!-->h, while EPA levels rose at 4<!--> <!-->h and remained elevated up to 24<!--> <!-->h. DHA levels increased only at 24<!--> <!-->h.</div></d","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between FTO rs9939609 risk genotypes and branched-chain amino acid intake in Brazilian adults from the CUME study","authors":"Fernanda Maria Oliveira da Silva, Isabella Mendes, Adriano Marçal Pimenta, Júlia Cristina Cardoso Carraro, Milene Cristine Pessoa, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff, Josefina Bressan","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><div>Increased branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) intake and <em>FTO</em> gene variants have both been associated with obesity. Although the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism has been linked to higher protein intake and altered eating behavior, its association with BCAA intake remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the association between FTO rs9939609 risk genotypes and higher tertiles of BCAA intake in Brazilian adults.</div></div><div>Increased branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) intake and <em>FTO</em> gene variants have both been associated with obesity. Although the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism has been linked to higher protein intake and altered eating behavior, its association with BCAA intake remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the association between FTO rs9939609 risk genotypes and higher tertiles of BCAA intake in Brazilian adults.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 508 participants (120 men and 388 women; mean age<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->35.9 years) from the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME Study). Participants were genotyped for the rs9939609 SNP using oral epithelial cell samples. BCAA intake was assessed using a validated 144-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and adjusted for total energy using the residual method. Ordinal logistic regression models, adjusted for sex, age, skin color, per capita income, binge drinking, and physical activity, were used to evaluate whether FTO risk genotypes were associated with higher tertiles of BCAA intake. Adjustment variables were selected using a directed acyclic graph. Associations were estimated using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Analyses were performed using Stata 13.1, adopting a significance level of 5%. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee (No. 6.048.479/2023), and all participants provided informed consent.</div></div><div>This cross-sectional study included 508 participants (120 men and 388 women; mean age<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->35.9 years) from the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME Study). Participants were genotyped for the rs9939609 SNP using oral epithelial cell samples. BCAA intake was assessed using a validated 144-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and adjusted for total energy using the residual method. Ordinal logistic regression models, adjusted for sex, age, skin color, per capita income, binge drinking, and physical activity, were used to evaluate whether FTO risk genotypes were associated with higher tertiles of BCAA intake. Adjustment variables were selected using a directed acyclic graph. Associations were estimated using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Analyses were performed using Stata 13.1, adopting a significance level of 5%. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee (No. 6.048.479/2023), and all participants provided informed consent.</d","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian misalignment induced by light-phase time-restricted feeding modulates hepatic lipogenic and fibrogenic responses, but does not reduce collagen deposition in obese female Wistar rats","authors":"Vitória Felício Souto, Nathalia Caroline de Oliveira Melo, Patricia de Oliveira Prada, Kênia Moreno de Oliveira, Sandra Lopes de Souza, Elizabeth do Nascimento","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Evaluate the effects of time-restricted feeding (TRF) on light phase associated with a westernized diet on hepatic expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and fibrosis in obese young female Wistar rats.</div></div><div>Evaluate the effects of time-restricted feeding (TRF) on light phase associated with a westernized diet on hepatic expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and fibrosis in obese young female Wistar rats.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>By ethical approval from CEUA/UFPE/Brazil (No. 0017/2023), 24 female Wistar rats were assigned to a control group fed with a standard diet (C, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->7) or an obesity induction group fed with a westernized diet (O, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->17) for 13 weeks. In week 8, obese animals were subdivided into obese ad libitum (OA) and restricted obese groups (OR). The OR group underwent TRF for four weeks (from week 8 to 12), with access to food restricted to the light phase (8am8pm). Hepatic gene expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR using the 2-ΔΔ Ct method. The genes <em>PPARγ</em>, <em>SREBP1c</em>, <em>PPARα</em>, <em>FGF21</em>, <em>COL1A1</em> and <em>COL4A1</em> were analyzed. Hepatic collagen fibers were visualized by Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy, and the collagen-positive area was quantified using Fiji software. The data were evaluated in GraphPad Prism 10.0 and considered <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05.</div></div><div>By ethical approval from CEUA/UFPE/Brazil (No. 0017/2023), 24 female Wistar rats were assigned to a control group fed with a standard diet (C, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->7) or an obesity induction group fed with a westernized diet (O, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->17) for 13 weeks. In week 8, obese animals were subdivided into obese ad libitum (OA) and restricted obese groups (OR). The OR group underwent TRF for four weeks (from week 8 to 12), with access to food restricted to the light phase (8am8pm). Hepatic gene expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR using the 2-ΔΔ Ct method. The genes <em>PPARγ</em>, <em>SREBP1c</em>, <em>PPARα</em>, <em>FGF21</em>, <em>COL1A1</em> and <em>COL4A1</em> were analyzed. Hepatic collagen fibers were visualized by Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy, and the collagen-positive area was quantified using Fiji software. The data were evaluated in GraphPad Prism 10.0 and considered <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SREBP1c expression was significantly increased in the OA group compared with C and OR animals (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0071), indicating enhanced hepatic lipogenesis, whereas no differences were observed in PPARγ, PPARα, or FGF21 expression. Although TRF attenuated the expression of the profibrotic genes COL1A1 (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0062) and COL4A1 (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0141), SHG microscopy revealed a 105.3% increase in hepatic collagen deposition in the OA group, with no significant reduction in th","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical applicability of nutrigenetics in a patient with APO E4 and MTHFR gene polymorphisms","authors":"Fabiane Toste Cardoso, Ana Clara Fernandes Peixoto, Sheila Cristina Potente Dutra Luquetti","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nutrigenetics supports precision in clinical practice by identifying genetic variants that determine individual metabolic response, enabling targeted dietary interventions.</div></div><div>Nutrigenetics supports precision in clinical practice by identifying genetic variants that determine individual metabolic response, enabling targeted dietary interventions.</div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To report the effects of a personalized nutritional intervention based on the genotypic profile on the cardiometabolic biomarkers of a patient carrying polymorphisms in the APOE ɛ4 and MTHFR genes.</div></div><div>To report the effects of a personalized nutritional intervention based on the genotypic profile on the cardiometabolic biomarkers of a patient carrying polymorphisms in the APOE ɛ4 and MTHFR genes.</div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This is a descriptive clinical case report that included clinical, biochemical, and genotypic evaluation. Based on the identification of genetic polymorphisms, an individualized nutritional plan was developed, associated with supplementation based on the affected metabolic pathways, with monitoring of metabolic outcomes. The study was exempt from ethics approval.</div></div><div>This is a descriptive clinical case report that included clinical, biochemical, and genotypic evaluation. Based on the identification of genetic polymorphisms, an individualized nutritional plan was developed, associated with supplementation based on the affected metabolic pathways, with monitoring of metabolic outcomes. The study was exempt from ethics approval.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Male patient, 58 years old, aviator, with an irregular eating routine and high intake of ultra-processed foods. Genotyping identified the APOE ɛ4 allele, associated with dyslipidemia and higher cardiovascular risk, and a polymorphism in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, related to alterations in folate metabolism and predisposition to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). Initial exams demonstrated HHcy, hypercholesterolemia, elevated LDL, and reduced HDL. Nutritional management was based on a diet of 25<!--> <!-->kcal/kg/day, with 1.5<!--> <!-->g/kg of protein, 37% of carbohydrates, 39% of lipids with a predominance of unsaturated fatty acids, and 45<!--> <!-->g/day of fibers, in addition to individualized supplementation with methylfolate, B-complex vitamins, vitamin D, magnesium, antioxidants, omega-3, and compounds related to methylation. Guidance was also provided regarding meal frequency, reduction of ultra-processed food consumption, dietary planning during flights, and encouraging regular intake of dark green leafy vegetables. Post-intervention, a reduction was observed in total cholesterol (212 vs. 189<!--> <!-->mg/dL), LDL (141 vs. 108<!--> <!-->mg/dL), and homocysteine (16.37 vs. 10.9<!--> <!-->μmol/L in addition to an increase in HDL (47 vs. 53<!--> <!-->mg/dL).</div></div><div>Male patient, 58 years old, aviat","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}