CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE最新文献

{"title":"Functional lipids combination reverses Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in rats through synergistic and pleiotropic mechanisms","authors":"Gisela Kuhn, Andrés Trostchansky, Carolina Gerstner, Jimena Lavandera, Claudio Bernal","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><div>Cafeteria (CAF) diet-fed rats could be used as an experimental animal model for studying metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of a combination of functional lipids (FL) on the reversal of CAF diet-induced MASLD and to investigate the metabolomic mechanisms underlying some specific metabolic dysfunctions associated with the hepatic disease.</div></div><div>Cafeteria (CAF) diet-fed rats could be used as an experimental animal model for studying metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of a combination of functional lipids (FL) on the reversal of CAF diet-induced MASLD and to investigate the metabolomic mechanisms underlying some specific metabolic dysfunctions associated with the hepatic disease.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male Wistar rats (Ethics Committee approval No. CE2021-85), were fed a CAF diet (90d) to induce SLD, obesity, and inflammation. Animals were then assigned to 5 dietary groups during 60 days: CAF diet, control diet (C; AIN-93M), or C supplemented with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), Tocopherol-Phytosterol mixture (TP<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->PS), or their combination (cFL). SLD, obesity, inflammation, and lipid metabolism parameters were evaluated using biochemical, histological, nutriomic, and lipidomic approaches. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Statistical significance was set at <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05.</div></div><div>Male Wistar rats (Ethics Committee approval No. CE2021-85), were fed a CAF diet (90d) to induce SLD, obesity, and inflammation. Animals were then assigned to 5 dietary groups during 60 days: CAF diet, control diet (C; AIN-93M), or C supplemented with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), Tocopherol-Phytosterol mixture (TP<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->PS), or their combination (cFL). SLD, obesity, inflammation, and lipid metabolism parameters were evaluated using biochemical, histological, nutriomic, and lipidomic approaches. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Statistical significance was set at <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Dietary FL mitigated CAF diet-induced nutriomic alterations, improving SLD, obesity, and inflammation. CLA showed the strongest effect on hepatic lipid accumulation, reducing hepatic triacylglycerol (TAG), Cholesterol (Chol), Collagen, and decreasing micro- and macrosteatosis. These bioactive effects were accompanied by reduced adiposity and inflammation. TP<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->PS exerted themost pronounced anti-inflammatory effects, lowering serum C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and proinflammatory oxylipins: 8-HETE and 12-oxo-HETE. In the liver, TP<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->PS reduced 5-HETE, 12-HETE, and 12-oxo-HETE levels, which significantly correlated to reductions in both micro- and mac","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concordance and discriminatory capacity of two metabolic health definitions for cardiometabolic outcomes across BMI categories: Evidence from 100,000 Mexican adults","authors":"Adolfo Ruiz-Ballesteros, Víctor Manuel Treviño Alvarado, Álvaro Colín Oviedo, Guillermo Torre-Amione, Ana Laura de la Garza","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><div>Metabolic health (MH) lacks a universal definition, leading to heterogeneity in cardiometabolic phenotyping. This study evaluated the concordance between the MetS-based and empirically derived Zembic et al. definitions, and their discriminatory capacity – along with cardiometabolic indices – for cardiovascular disease (CVD), fatty liver disease (FLD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) across BMI categories in Mexican adults.</div></div><div>Metabolic health (MH) lacks a universal definition, leading to heterogeneity in cardiometabolic phenotyping. This study evaluated the concordance between the MetS-based and empirically derived Zembic et al. definitions, and their discriminatory capacity – along with cardiometabolic indices – for cardiovascular disease (CVD), fatty liver disease (FLD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) across BMI categories in Mexican adults.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the oriGen project. MH was defined using two criteria: (1) the harmonized MetS-based definition (0–1 component<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->MH); and (2) the Zembic definition (absence of diabetes, elevated blood pressure, and high waist-to-hip ratio<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->MH). Agreement was assessed with Cohen's kappa (κ). Discriminatory capacity for self-reported CVD, FLD and CKD was evaluated using AUC (DeLong method), and associations through logistic regression adjusted for age and sex. Additionally, 28 cardiometabolic indices were assessed for the same outcomes. This study was approved by the research committee of “Centro Médico Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud” (approval letter No. 382-2026-CI-R).</div></div><div>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the oriGen project. MH was defined using two criteria: (1) the harmonized MetS-based definition (0–1 component<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->MH); and (2) the Zembic definition (absence of diabetes, elevated blood pressure, and high waist-to-hip ratio<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->MH). Agreement was assessed with Cohen's kappa (κ). Discriminatory capacity for self-reported CVD, FLD and CKD was evaluated using AUC (DeLong method), and associations through logistic regression adjusted for age and sex. Additionally, 28 cardiometabolic indices were assessed for the same outcomes. This study was approved by the research committee of “Centro Médico Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud” (approval letter No. 382-2026-CI-R).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 100,331 adults were included. CVD was present in 9,821 participants (9.8%), FLD in 5,105 (5.1%), and CKD in 758 (0.8%). MetS-based definition classified 17,557 (17.5%) participants as MH, compared with 29,448 (29.3%) using the Zembic definition. Agreement between definitions was moderate (κ<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.43) and declined progressively with BMI: normal-weight (κ<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.50), overweight (κ<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.27), and obesity (κ<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.11)","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between an ANKK1 gene variant and severe obesity in individuals from Rio de Janeiro","authors":"Myrela Ribeiro Teixeira, Izadora Sthephanie da Silva Assis, Laura Wendling Gouvêa, Rafaela de Freitas Martins Felício, Verônica Marques Zembrzuski, Cicero Brasileiro de Mello Neto, Kaio Cezar Rodrigues Salum, Fabiana Barzotto Kohlrausch, Ana Carolina Proença da Fonseca","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity is a complex, multifactorial chronic condition characterized by excessive body fat accumulation. This pathology disrupts the delicate balance between homeostatic and hedonic mechanisms. The hedonic system is central to decision-making, emotional processing and appetite regulation. Genetic research indicates that variations in dopamine signaling, a key neurotransmitter in the reward pathway, can significantly influence eating behavior and susceptibility to obesity. The Ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (<em>ANKK1</em>) gene, expressed in astroglial cells, is closely linked to the dopaminergic system. Evidence suggests that ANKK1 is involved in addictive and compulsive behaviors, such as overeating. Specifically, the rs1800497 ANKK1 reduces the expression, density, and binding capacity of dopamine D2 receptors (DRD2) in the striatum. This study was approved by the Fiocruz Ethics Committee (CAAE No. 09225113.0.0000.5248), and Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho (CAAE No. 69137623.2.0000.5257).</div></div><div>Obesity is a complex, multifactorial chronic condition characterized by excessive body fat accumulation. This pathology disrupts the delicate balance between homeostatic and hedonic mechanisms. The hedonic system is central to decision-making, emotional processing and appetite regulation. Genetic research indicates that variations in dopamine signaling, a key neurotransmitter in the reward pathway, can significantly influence eating behavior and susceptibility to obesity. The Ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (<em>ANKK1</em>) gene, expressed in astroglial cells, is closely linked to the dopaminergic system. Evidence suggests that ANKK1 is involved in addictive and compulsive behaviors, such as overeating. Specifically, the rs1800497 ANKK1 reduces the expression, density, and binding capacity of dopamine D2 receptors (DRD2) in the striatum. This study was approved by the Fiocruz Ethics Committee (CAAE No. 09225113.0.0000.5248), and Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho (CAAE No. 69137623.2.0000.5257).</div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigates the influence of the ANKK1 rs1800497 polymorphism on severe obesity and its associated clinical and anthropometric traits.</div></div><div>This study investigates the influence of the ANKK1 rs1800497 polymorphism on severe obesity and its associated clinical and anthropometric traits.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected from 538 individuals from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Case consisted of 332 individuals with severe obesity (BMI<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->35<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>), and the control group included 206 eutrophic individuals (18.5<!--> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->BMI<!--> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->24.9<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>). Genotyping of the rs1800497 polymorphism was performed using real-time PCR with TaqMan assays.</div></div><div>Demographic, anthropometric, and biochem","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e46-e47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphenols and gut microbiota in precision nutrition: Epigenetic mechanisms and dietary strategies","authors":"Nathalia Caroline de Oliveira Melo","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Understand how the interaction between polyphenols and gut microbiota influences the metabolic response and which dietary strategies modulate this relationship.</div></div><div>Understand how the interaction between polyphenols and gut microbiota influences the metabolic response and which dietary strategies modulate this relationship.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A review of articles selected from January to June 2026 from the PubMed, SciELO and ScienceDirect databases was conducted using the descriptors ‘gut microbiome’, ‘microbiota’, ‘polyphenols’ and ‘bioactive compounds’. Original articles published between 2010 and 2026 in English with a human or experimental design were included.</div></div><div>A review of articles selected from January to June 2026 from the PubMed, SciELO and ScienceDirect databases was conducted using the descriptors ‘gut microbiome’, ‘microbiota’, ‘polyphenols’ and ‘bioactive compounds’. Original articles published between 2010 and 2026 in English with a human or experimental design were included.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between 90% and 95% of dietary polyphenols reach the colon intact, where they are metabolised by the microbiota into bioactive low-molecular-weight metabolites, such as urolithins. These metabolites have greater bioavailability and biological activity than their parent compounds. This interaction is bidirectional. While microbes process polyphenols, they act as ‘bioactive prebiotics’, modulating intestinal ecology by stimulating the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, while also inhibiting pathogens. This modulation favours the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are essential for the integrity of the intestinal barrier and the regulation of the inflammatory response. Dietary strategies involving varied consumption of foods such as fruits, coffee, chocolate and wine, as observed in dietary patterns like the Mediterranean diet, have been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome and endotoxemia by decreasing circulating lipopolysaccharides. However, the metabolic response is individualised depending on specific metabolites (producers vs. non-producers), which highlights the importance of applying precision nutrition to optimise clinical benefits.</div></div><div>Between 90% and 95% of dietary polyphenols reach the colon intact, where they are metabolised by the microbiota into bioactive low-molecular-weight metabolites, such as urolithins. These metabolites have greater bioavailability and biological activity than their parent compounds. This interaction is bidirectional. While microbes process polyphenols, they act as ‘bioactive prebiotics’, modulating intestinal ecology by stimulating the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, while also inhibiting pathogens. Th","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of metabolic and molecular characteristics in the white adipose tissue of cold-exposed animals","authors":"Maria Luiza Salmazo Gatz, Danillo Henrique Travensolo Buoro, Camila Venturini Ayres Cunha, Leandro Kansuke Oharomari, José Rodrigo Pauli, Eduardo Rochete Ropelle, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva, Dennys Esper Cintra","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cold exposure induces important physiological and metabolic adaptations in mammals, characterized by increased brown adipose tissue activity. Although genomic and molecular modulation is widely discussed within pathological contexts, the molecular responses and regulations of white adipose tissue under normal environmental variations, such as cooling thermal stress, still require further elucidation.</div></div><div>Cold exposure induces important physiological and metabolic adaptations in mammals, characterized by increased brown adipose tissue activity. Although genomic and molecular modulation is widely discussed within pathological contexts, the molecular responses and regulations of white adipose tissue under normal environmental variations, such as cooling thermal stress, still require further elucidation.</div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the phenotypic, metabolic, and molecular changes in the adipose tissue of mice subjected to chronic and acute cold exposure.</div></div><div>To evaluate the phenotypic, metabolic, and molecular changes in the adipose tissue of mice subjected to chronic and acute cold exposure.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>After the ethical approval (#6741-1/2025), male C57BL6/J mice were exposed or not to cold for 5 or 15 days. The control group was kept at 22<!--> <!-->°C and the cold at 4<!--> <!-->°C (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6). Epididymal adipose tissue was collected for Fads1/2 expression analysis, PPAR-alpha and gamma proteins content, histology, and fatty acid profile and quantification.</div></div><div>After the ethical approval (#6741-1/2025), male C57BL6/J mice were exposed or not to cold for 5 or 15 days. The control group was kept at 22<!--> <!-->°C and the cold at 4<!--> <!-->°C (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6). Epididymal adipose tissue was collected for Fads1/2 expression analysis, PPAR-alpha and gamma proteins content, histology, and fatty acid profile and quantification.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The acute phase (5 days) was marked by weight stagnation and the onset of hyperphagia, with daily food intake approximately 8.3<!--> <!-->g in the cold group compared to 3.9<!--> <!-->g in the control group. This hyperphagia is driven by an increase in energy consumption, which leads to a significantly acute cumulative food intake (32.12<!--> <!-->g vs. 20.46<!--> <!-->g), translating into higher overall energy intake (107.6<!--> <!-->kcal vs. 68.53<!--> <!-->kcal). This hyperphagia consolidates in the prolonged phase (15 days), resulting in a significantly higher total cumulative food intake (105.90<!--> <!-->g vs. 70.43<!--> <!-->g) and higher total caloric intake in the cold group (∼328.2<!--> <!-->kcal vs. 245.05<!--> <!-->kcal). Despite this higher energy supply, the 15 day group showed a phenotypic reduction in the final body weight (21.59<!--> <!-->g in the cold vs. 22.81<!--> <!-->g in the control) and a depletion in epididymal fat (∼0.151<!--> <!-->g vs. ","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-related effect of coconut oil supplementation on hepatic oxidative status in rats fed recommended- and high-fat diets","authors":"Agustina Echevarría, Mariana Escobar, Candela Suppo, Carolina Gerstner, Claudio Bernal, Ana Clara Fariña","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><div>Coconut oil (CO) is rich in medium-chain fatty acids, which may influence cellular redox homeostasis. This preliminary study aimed to determine whether CO supplementation modulates hepatic oxidative stress (OS) in rats fed recommended- or high-fat (HF) diets.</div></div><div>Coconut oil (CO) is rich in medium-chain fatty acids, which may influence cellular redox homeostasis. This preliminary study aimed to determine whether CO supplementation modulates hepatic oxidative stress (OS) in rats fed recommended- or high-fat (HF) diets.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male Wistar rats (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6/group) were fed 12 weeks with: S4 (4% soybean oil), C4 (4% CO), S30 (30% soybean oil), or high-fat diets supplemented with low (C30L), medium (C30M) or high (C30H) levels of CO. Energy intake, body weight (BW) gain, liver and adipose tissue (AT) weights, and serum and hepatic triglyceride (TAG) concentrations were determined. Hepatic OS was assessed by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Oxidative status was evaluated through the GSH/GSSG ratio and catalase and glutathione reductase (GR) activities Hepatic catalase and GR gene expression, as well as fatty acid (FA) profile, were also determined. Ethics: #CES2024-44.</div></div><div>Male Wistar rats (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6/group) were fed 12 weeks with: S4 (4% soybean oil), C4 (4% CO), S30 (30% soybean oil), or high-fat diets supplemented with low (C30L), medium (C30M) or high (C30H) levels of CO. Energy intake, body weight (BW) gain, liver and adipose tissue (AT) weights, and serum and hepatic triglyceride (TAG) concentrations were determined. Hepatic OS was assessed by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Oxidative status was evaluated through the GSH/GSSG ratio and catalase and glutathione reductase (GR) activities Hepatic catalase and GR gene expression, as well as fatty acid (FA) profile, were also determined. Ethics: #CES2024-44.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with S4, C4 increased hepatic TAG content and altered hepatic FA composition, characterized by higher myristic and palmitic acid levels and lower n-6 and n-3 PUFA contents, without affecting ROS or TBARS levels and with improved glutathione homeostasis. S30 increased energy intake, BW gain, hepatic TAG, ROS, and TBARS levels, indicating a pro-oxidant hepatic environment. CO attenuated OS. In C30L, improved oxidative status was associated with higher hepatic myristic acid levels and a lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio, suggesting that CO-induced changes in FA composition may underlie the observed benefits. C30M showed the highest hepatic TAG content and liver weight, together with reduced epididymal AT mass, suggesting lipid redistribution. This pattern was accompanied by hepatic accumulation of lauric and myristic acids, and enhanced antioxidant defenses, reflected by lower RO","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal mental health trajectories and breastfeeding characteristics in a longitudinal lactation cohort","authors":"Guadalupe Fleita, Claudia Fox, Patricia Ríos, Gladys Estigarribia, Analía Ortiz, Guiomar Viveros, Julieta Méndez, Gloria González, Laura Joy, Carolina Bonzi, Alberto Dávalos, Alfredo Martínez, Catalina Segovia, Julio Torales","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe changes in maternal mental health symptoms across two time points during the breastfeeding period and to explore their associations with breastfeeding and milk collection characteristics.</div></div><div>To describe changes in maternal mental health symptoms across two time points during the breastfeeding period and to explore their associations with breastfeeding and milk collection characteristics.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A longitudinal observational study was conducted in a cohort of lactating mothers (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->80). Data were collected at two time points: first milk collection (T1) and second milk collection (T2). Mental health was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), a validated self-report instrument. Breastfeeding characteristics and milk volume were recorded at both time points. Changes in DASS-21 scores between T1 and T2 were analyzed using the paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Exploratory associations between increased stress and maternal or breastfeeding characteristics were evaluated using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Fisher exact test, without adjustment for multiple comparisons.</div></div><div>A longitudinal observational study was conducted in a cohort of lactating mothers (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->80). Data were collected at two time points: first milk collection (T1) and second milk collection (T2). Mental health was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), a validated self-report instrument. Breastfeeding characteristics and milk volume were recorded at both time points. Changes in DASS-21 scores between T1 and T2 were analyzed using the paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Exploratory associations between increased stress and maternal or breastfeeding characteristics were evaluated using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Fisher exact test, without adjustment for multiple comparisons.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At T1, altered symptoms were observed in 12.5% of participants for depression, 21.3% for anxiety, and 12.5% for stress. At T2, the prevalence of altered symptoms increased to 20.3%, 32.1%, and 37.5%, respectively. The largest change was observed for stress, with a median score increase from 4 [Q1: 0, Q3: 8] at T1 to 10 [Q1: 0, Q3: 20] at T2 (mean change: 5.08 points; <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001). Changes in depression (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.519) and anxiety (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.082) scores did not reach statistical significance. In exploratory analyses, increased stress was associated with vaginal delivery (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.034) and lower reported breastfeeding difficulty at T1 (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.049). These associations should be interpreted with caution given the exploratory design, absence of multiplicity adjustment, and small cell counts.</div></div><div>At T1, altered symptoms were observed in 12.5% of participants for depression, 21.3% ","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of TAS2R38 gene haplotypes (AVV and PAV) with dietary intake and their relationship with cardiometabolic risk in a Mexican adult population","authors":"Alma Daniela Olvera Martínez, Sonia Roman, Arturo Panduro, Omar Ramos-Lopez","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of mortality and represent a major disease burden in Mexico. Diets high in fat, sugars, and sodium influence the onset and development of cardiometabolic alterations; however, their effect on health may depend on individual genetics. Variations in the TAS2R38 gene have been shown to influence food preferences, which may impact health status. The aim of this study was to analyze the interaction of TAS2R38 haplotypes (AVV and PAI) with dietary intake and their relationship with cardiometabolic risk in Mexican adults.</div></div><div>Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of mortality and represent a major disease burden in Mexico. Diets high in fat, sugars, and sodium influence the onset and development of cardiometabolic alterations; however, their effect on health may depend on individual genetics. Variations in the TAS2R38 gene have been shown to influence food preferences, which may impact health status. The aim of this study was to analyze the interaction of TAS2R38 haplotypes (AVV and PAI) with dietary intake and their relationship with cardiometabolic risk in Mexican adults.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A secondary cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 375 adults of both sexes from Guadalajara (Jalisco). Habitual dietary intake was assessed using validated 3-day 24-hour recalls. Allelic discrimination assays were used for polymorphism determination. Chi-<sup>2</sup> tests and logistic regression were applied. A previously approved database by a Research Ethics Committee (ID#HC141/09) was used, in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, ensuring participant confidentiality, anonymity, and the exclusive use of the information for scientific and academic purposes.</div></div><div>A secondary cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 375 adults of both sexes from Guadalajara (Jalisco). Habitual dietary intake was assessed using validated 3-day 24-hour recalls. Allelic discrimination assays were used for polymorphism determination. Chi-<sup>2</sup> tests and logistic regression were applied. A previously approved database by a Research Ethics Committee (ID#HC141/09) was used, in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, ensuring participant confidentiality, anonymity, and the exclusive use of the information for scientific and academic purposes.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant interactions were identified between the AVV and PAI haplotypes in relation to nutrient intake. Specifically, individuals with the AVV/AVV haplotype showed that, as energy intake increased, total cholesterol levels increased compared to carriers of the PAI haplotype (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.029). Consistently, higher lipid intake (g) in this same group was associated with higher total cholesterol concentrations (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.033). Likewise, in individuals with the AVV/AVV haplotype, ","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e51-e52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of omega 3 supplementation on the placenta: A translational integrative review","authors":"Cristiane Bastos Leta Vieira, Alessandra Alves Thole, Afonso Costa Marques Cortez","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Maternal obesity and placental damage are associated with adverse stages of pregnancy, such as pre-eclampsia.</div></div><div>Maternal obesity and placental damage are associated with adverse stages of pregnancy, such as pre-eclampsia.</div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze the scientific evidence on the influence of omega 3 (n-3) fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy and its impact on the placenta in experimental (rodent) and clinical models, demonstrating concordances, disagreements, and translational gaps.</div></div><div>To analyze the scientific evidence on the influence of omega 3 (n-3) fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy and its impact on the placenta in experimental (rodent) and clinical models, demonstrating concordances, disagreements, and translational gaps.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, and Cochrane Library databases between July and August 2025. Original peer-reviewed studies, rodent experiments, and specific clinical trials (RCTs) were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE RoB tool (experimental) and Cochrane RoB 2 (RCT).</div></div><div>The search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, and Cochrane Library databases between July and August 2025. Original peer-reviewed studies, rodent experiments, and specific clinical trials (RCTs) were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE RoB tool (experimental) and Cochrane RoB 2 (RCT).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixteen experimental studies and eight RCTs were included. Translational convergence was identified in the increase of n-3 levels and the n-3:n-6 ratio in maternal plasma and placenta, although ideal concentrations remain as gaps. There was convergence in the increased mRNA expression of FATP1 and FATP4 genes in the placenta of healthy pregnant women and obese mice, optimizing fetal lipid transport, but the expression of FABP1, FATP2, and CD36 showed discrepancies. Both studies demonstrated increased gene expression of IL10 and reduced IL6, IL8, TNFA, and TLR4 in placentas associated with obesity. However, the increased PPARG distribution in rodents is not replicated in human placentas. n3 normalized the expression and protein concentrations of VEGF in rodents, restoring angiogenic balance, a parameter not analyzed in any RCT. Heterogeneity was observed in n-3 doses in both studies, as well as in the onset of supplementation. None of the studies presented a low risk of bias in all categories evaluated.</div></div><div>Sixteen experimental studies and eight RCTs were included. Translational convergence was identified in the increase of n-3 levels and the n-3:n-6 ratio in maternal plasma and placenta, although ideal concentrations remain as gaps. There was convergence in the increased mRNA expression of FATP1 and FATP4 genes in the placenta of healthy pregnant women and obese mice, optimizing fetal lipid transport, but the expression of","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal nutritional status and breastfeeding characteristics in a cohort of lactating women: A longitudinal observational study","authors":"Claudia Fox, Guadalupe Fleita, Patricia Ríos, Gladys Estigarribia, Analía Ortiz, Guiomar Viveros, Julieta Méndez, Gloria González, Laura Joy, Carolina Bonzi, Alberto Dávalos, Alfredo Martínez, Catalina Segovia, Beatriz Núñez","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe maternal nutritional status, breastfeeding practices, and milk volume in a cohort of lactating women, and to explore the association between maternal excess weight and selected breastfeeding and neonatal outcomes.</div></div><div>To describe maternal nutritional status, breastfeeding practices, and milk volume in a cohort of lactating women, and to explore the association between maternal excess weight and selected breastfeeding and neonatal outcomes.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A longitudinal observational study was conducted in a cohort of 80 lactating women followed across two milk collection time points (T1 and T2). Maternal anthropometric and sociodemographic data were collected at T1. Breastfeeding practices and milk volume were assessed at both time points. Nutritional status was classified according to body mass index (BMI). Exploratory associations between maternal excess weight (overweight or obesity) and milk volume, neonatal birth weight, and breastfeeding difficulty were evaluated using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Fisher exact test, without adjustment for multiple comparisons. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee CEICAN (Research Ethics Committee, Paraguay) — protocol code PINV01-296, granted on October 25, 2024.</div></div><div>A longitudinal observational study was conducted in a cohort of 80 lactating women followed across two milk collection time points (T1 and T2). Maternal anthropometric and sociodemographic data were collected at T1. Breastfeeding practices and milk volume were assessed at both time points. Nutritional status was classified according to body mass index (BMI). Exploratory associations between maternal excess weight (overweight or obesity) and milk volume, neonatal birth weight, and breastfeeding difficulty were evaluated using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Fisher exact test, without adjustment for multiple comparisons. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee CEICAN (Research Ethics Committee, Paraguay) — protocol code PINV01-296, granted on October 25, 2024.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean maternal age was 27.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->6.3 years. Mean BMI at T1 was 27.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->4.7<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>; 70% of participants (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->56) had excess weight. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks and median birth weight was 3,014<!--> <!-->g. Median milk volume collected was 60<!--> <!-->mL at both T1 and T2. In exploratory analyses, excess weight was associated with higher milk volume at T1 (67.5<!--> <!-->mL vs. 60<!--> <!-->mL; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.024) and higher neonatal birth weight (3,100<!--> <!-->g vs. 2,395<!--> <!-->g; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.044). Mothers with excess weight reported lower frequency of breastfeeding difficulty (3/56 vs. 5/24; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.049). Given the sample size, low event counts, and absence of covariate adjustment, these ","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e30-e31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}