CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE最新文献

{"title":"Bioactive compounds from grape pomace and their role in obesity-related metabolic disorders","authors":"Marcela Vazquez Prieto","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is a major public health challenge characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation and associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Beyond adipose tissue dysfunction, growing evidence highlights the role of impaired intestinal barrier function in obesity-associated metabolic alterations. These disturbances promote metabolic endotoxemia, defined by the presence of bacterial-derived lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in circulation, thereby activating inflammatory pathways along the gut–liver axis. In this context, dietary bioactive compounds have emerged as promising nutritional interventions to counteract the harmful effects of Western-style diets. Grape pomace (GP), the main by-product of the winemaking industry, represents a sustainable and rich source of bioactive compounds, particularly polyphenols and dietary fiber. Polyphenols are recognized for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and have gained considerable attention because of their ability to modulate signaling pathways involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. The major polyphenols present in Malbec GP include flavanols (catechin, epicatechin, and procyanidins), flavonols (quercetin), stilbenes (resveratrol), and anthocyanins. Recent findings from our research group demonstrate that grape pomace extract preserves intestinal barrier integrity, reduces metabolic endotoxemia, and attenuates adiposity, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction through modulation of the gut–liver axis. The molecular mechanisms underlying these effects and their implications for obesity and MASLD will also be discussed. Collectively, these findings support grape-derived bioactive compounds as promising nutritional tools for the prevention and management of obesity-related metabolic disorders and highlight grape pomace as a sustainable source of health-promoting ingredients within the framework of precision nutrition.</div></div><div>Obesity is a major public health challenge characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation and associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Beyond adipose tissue dysfunction, growing evidence highlights the role of impaired intestinal barrier function in obesity-associated metabolic alterations. These disturbances promote metabolic endotoxemia, defined by the presence of bacterial-derived lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in circulation, thereby activating inflammatory pathways along the gut–liver axis. In this context, dietary bioactive compounds have emerged as promising nutritional interventions to counteract the harmful effects of Western-style diets. Grape pomace (GP), the main by-product of the winemaking industry, represents a sustainable and rich source of bioactive compounds, particularly polyphenols and dietary fiber. Polyphenols are recognized for their an","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the rs1137101 polymorphism of the LEPR gene on female body composition","authors":"Marjorie Cristini Cluzeni, Léia Carolina Lucio, Angela Khetly Lazarotto","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This research aimed to determine the association of the rs1137101 polymorphism of the leptin receptor gene (<em>LEPR</em>) (A<!--> <!-->><!--> <!-->G) with the body composition of a group of women from the municipality of Francisco Beltrão, Paraná.</div></div><div>This research aimed to determine the association of the rs1137101 polymorphism of the leptin receptor gene (<em>LEPR</em>) (A<!--> <!-->><!--> <!-->G) with the body composition of a group of women from the municipality of Francisco Beltrão, Paraná.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included a sample of 69 women, who underwent anthropometric evaluation to calculate body mass index (BMI) and body composition analysis by bipolar bioimpedance. For rs1137101 genotyping, blood samples were collected from the participants. From these samples, genomic material was isolated, and then the Amplification Refractory Mutation System via Polymerase Chain Reaction (Arms-PCR) technique was conducted with allele-specific primers to identify the ancestral A allele and the G variant and genotypes. Statistical analysis used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for continuous variables. Genotypic variables were determined by Yates’ Chi<sup>2</sup> continuity test with a significance level of 95%. Differences in BMI and body composition between genotypes were verified using dominant and recessive genetic models via logistic regression (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). All analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 24.0. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee with Human Beings of the Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, opinion number 3.254.342.</div></div><div>The study included a sample of 69 women, who underwent anthropometric evaluation to calculate body mass index (BMI) and body composition analysis by bipolar bioimpedance. For rs1137101 genotyping, blood samples were collected from the participants. From these samples, genomic material was isolated, and then the Amplification Refractory Mutation System via Polymerase Chain Reaction (Arms-PCR) technique was conducted with allele-specific primers to identify the ancestral A allele and the G variant and genotypes. Statistical analysis used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for continuous variables. Genotypic variables were determined by Yates’ Chi<sup>2</sup> continuity test with a significance level of 95%. Differences in BMI and body composition between genotypes were verified using dominant and recessive genetic models via logistic regression (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). All analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 24.0. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee with Human Beings of the Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, opinion number 3.254.342.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overweight was present in 71% of the sample. Of the 69 women, 20 were cl","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrigenetic influence of MTHFR (C677T) variants on folate metabolism in systemic lupus erythematosus","authors":"Lucas Moura Carvalho, Jhulia Caroline Nunes Leal da Mota, Amanda Alves Ribeiro, Beatriz Garcia Carvalho, Bruno Gualano, Jose Alfredo Martínez, Eduardo Ferreira Borba, Carolina Nicoletti Ferreira Fino","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by immune dysregulation, systemic inflammation, and high clinical heterogeneity. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in one-carbon metabolism play a relevant role in immune homeostasis and epigenetic regulation involved in SLE pathophysiology. In this context, polymorphisms in genes related to folate metabolism, such as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), may influence the availability of essential micronutrients, including folic acid, thereby affecting DNA methylation processes and immune cell function. However, the association between MTHFR (C677T) genetic variants and metabolic and nutritional biomarkers in SLE remains poorly understood.</div></div><div>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by immune dysregulation, systemic inflammation, and high clinical heterogeneity. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in one-carbon metabolism play a relevant role in immune homeostasis and epigenetic regulation involved in SLE pathophysiology. In this context, polymorphisms in genes related to folate metabolism, such as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), may influence the availability of essential micronutrients, including folic acid, thereby affecting DNA methylation processes and immune cell function. However, the association between MTHFR (C677T) genetic variants and metabolic and nutritional biomarkers in SLE remains poorly understood.</div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the association between the <em>MTHFR</em> (<em>C677T</em>) gene polymorphism and serum folic acid levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.</div></div><div>To investigate the association between the <em>MTHFR</em> (<em>C677T</em>) gene polymorphism and serum folic acid levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study (CAAE.: 86418824.6.0000.0068) was conducted including 100 women with SLE (18–45 years). Peripheral blood samples were collected for genetic and biochemical analyses. Genotyping of the MTHFR rs1801133 (C677T) polymorphism was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) with TaqMan SNP genotyping assays. Genetic associations were evaluated under dominant (CC vs. CT<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->TT) and recessive (CC<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->CT vs. TT) inheritance models. Serum folate levels were measured and used as the dependent variable. The association between genotype and folate concentrations was assessed using linear regression analysis, with statistical significance set at <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05.</div></div><div>A cross-sectional study (CAAE.: 86418824.6.0000.0068) was conducted including 100 women with SLE (18–45 years). Peripheral blood samples were collected for genetic and biochemical analyses. Genotyping of the MTHFR rs1801133 (C677T) polymorphism was performed using real-time po","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e42-e43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could an obesity-related polygenic risk score be associated with poorer quality of life and adiposity indicators? A cross-sectional study from the genon program","authors":"Laís Teixeira Campos, Polimar Ferreira Fonseca, Isabella Mendes, Karla Pereira Balbino, Flávia Galvão Cândido, Josefina Bressan, Ana Cláudia Pelissari Kravchynchyn, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate associations between obesity-related genetic risk, quality of life, and body adiposity in individuals with overweight/obesity.</div></div><div>To evaluate associations between obesity-related genetic risk, quality of life, and body adiposity in individuals with overweight/obesity.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional analysis of the GenON randomized controlled clinical trial (CEP/UFV: 7.283.411/2024; REBEC: U1111-1318-0535), conducted with 113 adult individuals. Sociodemographic and anthropometric variables were assessed. Quality of life was assessed using the Brazilian SF-36. A dominant model was used to calculate the polygenic risk score (PRS) considering the following SNPs: FTO rs9939609, FTO rs1121980, LEP rs7799039, MC4R rs17782313, LEPR rs1137101, and CLOCK rs1801260. Participants were classified as low (≤<!--> <!-->3) or high (><!--> <!-->3) genetic risk. Comparisons between groups were performed using the independent Student's t-test, while associations were assessed using Pearson's and Spearman's correlation analyses (SPSS version 21.0, alpha<!--> <!--><<!--> <!-->5%).</div></div><div>This is a cross-sectional analysis of the GenON randomized controlled clinical trial (CEP/UFV: 7.283.411/2024; REBEC: U1111-1318-0535), conducted with 113 adult individuals. Sociodemographic and anthropometric variables were assessed. Quality of life was assessed using the Brazilian SF-36. A dominant model was used to calculate the polygenic risk score (PRS) considering the following SNPs: FTO rs9939609, FTO rs1121980, LEP rs7799039, MC4R rs17782313, LEPR rs1137101, and CLOCK rs1801260. Participants were classified as low (≤<!--> <!-->3) or high (><!--> <!-->3) genetic risk. Comparisons between groups were performed using the independent Student's t-test, while associations were assessed using Pearson's and Spearman's correlation analyses (SPSS version 21.0, alpha<!--> <!--><<!--> <!-->5%).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sample was predominantly female (70.8%, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->80), with a mean age of 36.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->8.1 years, and mean BMI and waist circumference of 33.3<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->3.3<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup> and 105.2<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->10.1<!--> <!-->cm, respectively. High genetic risk was identified in 50.4% of participants. The social and emotional domains of quality of life showed significantly higher mean scores in individuals with lower polygenic risk compared to those with higher PRS (68.4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->26.1 vs. 55.9<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->31.2; 95% CI: 1.632–23.368 and 62.4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->41.6 vs. 41.6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->37.5; 95% CI: 5.6274–35.5799, respectively). Additionally, BMI showed a negative correlation with the general health status (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.213; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.026) and vitality (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.251; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.008) domains. A weak positi","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of ADRB2 polymorphisms with maternal adiposity indicators in Brazilian postpartum women: Preliminary results","authors":"Clara Lima Cardoso, Ana Sophia Lacerda, Ana Clara Fonseca, Maria Luiza Azeredo Britto, Luiza Barreto Fonseca, Manuela Barreto, Giovana Andriole, Maira Coppola Auler, José Guilherme de Santana Santos, Felipe Rabelo Costa, Katherine Bittencourt, Karina dos Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the association of the ADRB2 rs1042713 and rs1042714 polymorphisms with maternal adiposity indicators, including pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), current BMI, gestational weight gain (GWG), and postpartum weight retention (PPWR).</div></div><div>To evaluate the association of the ADRB2 rs1042713 and rs1042714 polymorphisms with maternal adiposity indicators, including pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), current BMI, gestational weight gain (GWG), and postpartum weight retention (PPWR).</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was carried out at a University Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from March 2024 to May 2025. Participants were adult postpartum women (=20 years old) between 6 weeks and 12 months after delivery. Pre-pregnancy weight was obtained from the maternal pregnancy booklet and/or self-reported during a structured interview. Current weight and height were obtained through anthropometric assessment. Pre-pregnancy and current BMI were classified according to World Health Organization criteria. GWG was calculated as the difference between pre-pregnancy weight and the final weight of pregnancy, while PPWR was calculated as the difference between current and pre-pregnancy weight. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples, and ADRB2 rs1042713 (G/A) and rs1042714 (C/G) polymorphisms were genotyped using TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. Associations were tested under dominant models using the Mann-Whitney U test (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). The study was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee (CAAE 70713423.8.0000.5258; approval number 6.273.645).</div></div><div>A cross-sectional study was carried out at a University Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from March 2024 to May 2025. Participants were adult postpartum women (=20 years old) between 6 weeks and 12 months after delivery. Pre-pregnancy weight was obtained from the maternal pregnancy booklet and/or self-reported during a structured interview. Current weight and height were obtained through anthropometric assessment. Pre-pregnancy and current BMI were classified according to World Health Organization criteria. GWG was calculated as the difference between pre-pregnancy weight and the final weight of pregnancy, while PPWR was calculated as the difference between current and pre-pregnancy weight. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples, and ADRB2 rs1042713 (G/A) and rs1042714 (C/G) polymorphisms were genotyped using TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. Associations were tested under dominant models using the Mann-Whitney U test (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). The study was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee (CAAE 70713423.8.0000.5258; approval number 6.273.645).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 196 and 74 women were evaluated for the rs1042713 and rs1042714 polymorphism, respectively. The median age was 29 years (IQR: 25–34). Women carry","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chrononutrition and anemia in pregnant adults and adolescents: A systematic review","authors":"Karina Neves da Silva Telles, Laura Lima Camelo, Luiza Jurado Piay, Yasmin Ferreira Riera, Clara Lima Cardoso, Letícia Barbosa Gabriel da Silva, Ana Sophia Soares Pessoa Nobre de Lacerda, Cláudia Saunders","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the association between the number of daily meals and the presence and severity of anemia in adult and adolescent pregnant women.</div></div><div>This study aims to evaluate the association between the number of daily meals and the presence and severity of anemia in adult and adolescent pregnant women.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a systematic review conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251047844). The research question was structured using the PECO strategy. The population includes adolescent (10-19 years) and adult (=20 years) pregnant women, in any gestational trimester, with a singleton pregnancy. Exposure corresponds to consuming up to three meals per day, while the comparison group comprises pregnant women who consume more than five meals per day. The primary outcome is the presence of anemia, defined by hemoglobin levels below 11<!--> <!-->g/dL, and the secondary outcome refers to its severity, classified as mild (hemoglobin between 10.0 and 10.9<!--> <!-->g/dL), moderate (7.0 and 10.0<!--> <!-->g/dL), or severe (hemoglobin below 7.0<!--> <!-->g/dL). Observational studies and clinical trials published between 2000 and 2025 in Portuguese, English, and Spanish are included. Searches are being conducted in the PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Embase, and Food Science and Technology Abstracts databases. Methodological quality is assessed using the GRADE system and tools from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.</div></div><div>This is a systematic review conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251047844). The research question was structured using the PECO strategy. The population includes adolescent (10-19 years) and adult (=20 years) pregnant women, in any gestational trimester, with a singleton pregnancy. Exposure corresponds to consuming up to three meals per day, while the comparison group comprises pregnant women who consume more than five meals per day. The primary outcome is the presence of anemia, defined by hemoglobin levels below 11<!--> <!-->g/dL, and the secondary outcome refers to its severity, classified as mild (hemoglobin between 10.0 and 10.9<!--> <!-->g/dL), moderate (7.0 and 10.0<!--> <!-->g/dL), or severe (hemoglobin below 7.0<!--> <!-->g/dL). Observational studies and clinical trials published between 2000 and 2025 in Portuguese, English, and Spanish are included. Searches are being conducted in the PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Embase, and Food Science and Technology Abstracts databases. Methodological quality is assessed using the GRADE system and tools from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>To date, four studies identified as potentially eligible indicate an association between lower meal frequency and a higher incidence of gestational anemia. Preliminary findings suggest that pregnant women with a meal frequency of fewer than three mea","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between endocannabinoids and body mass in women with severe obesity","authors":"Alaine Victorino Gonçalves Valentim, Alessandra da Silva, Maria Beatriz Carvalho Fonseca Santos Salles, Julia Moreira Oliveira, Ellen Karine Lima de Matos, Natália dos Santos Souza, Larissa de Brito Fassarella, Letícia Alaburda de Araujo, Ísis Hara Trevenzoli, Eliane Lopes Rosado","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The endocannabinoid system plays an important role in regulating energy balance and appears to be overactive in individuals with obesity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between plasma concentrations of endocannabinoids (eCBs) and indicators of adiposity, including body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), in women with severe obesity.</div></div><div>The endocannabinoid system plays an important role in regulating energy balance and appears to be overactive in individuals with obesity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between plasma concentrations of endocannabinoids (eCBs) and indicators of adiposity, including body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), in women with severe obesity.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional observational study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee under approval number 5.621.915. Sixty-eight women with severe obesity were evaluated during the preoperative period for bariatric and metabolic surgery, treated by the Obesity and Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Program (PROCIBA) at the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (HUCFF/UFRJ), Brazil. Body weight, BMI, and WC were measured using standardized procedures. Plasma concentrations of anandamide (AEA), 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and oleoylethanolamide (OEA) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry at the Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory of the Institute of Biophysics/UFRJ. Spearman's correlation tests and multiple linear regression analyses were performed using R software version 4.5.2, with a significance level of 5%.</div></div><div>This is a cross-sectional observational study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee under approval number 5.621.915. Sixty-eight women with severe obesity were evaluated during the preoperative period for bariatric and metabolic surgery, treated by the Obesity and Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Program (PROCIBA) at the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (HUCFF/UFRJ), Brazil. Body weight, BMI, and WC were measured using standardized procedures. Plasma concentrations of anandamide (AEA), 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and oleoylethanolamide (OEA) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry at the Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory of the Institute of Biophysics/UFRJ. Spearman's correlation tests and multiple linear regression analyses were performed using R software version 4.5.2, with a significance level of 5%.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The participants had a median age of 50.5 years (IQR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->18) and a mean BMI of 45.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->6.1<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The eCB panel was significantly ","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of mitochondrial gene expression by the “Irish moss” chondrus crispus invernal seaweed","authors":"Maria Aparecida Mariosa, Annete Marum, Patrícia Felipe França, Aline da Cassia A. Barbosa","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate whether specific genes are positively regulated (upregulated) or negatively regulated (downregulated) by Chondrus crispus Invernal in myoblasts.</div></div><div>To evaluate whether specific genes are positively regulated (upregulated) or negatively regulated (downregulated) by Chondrus crispus Invernal in myoblasts.</div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Myoblasts were treated for 24<!--> <!-->hours with 0.5% of Chondrus crispus Invernal, while control cells remained untreated. Total mRNA was extracted, and gene expression levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results were normalized using the endogenous glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) assay, and target mRNA expression levels were calculated using the 2-ΔΔCt method. The experiments were conducted exclusively using commercially available Human Skeletal Myoblasts (HSKM; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gibco; Catalog No. A11440) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. As the study was performed solely with commercially available cell lines and did not involve human participants, the collection of human biological samples, or animal experimentation, approval from a Human Research Ethics Committee or an Animal Ethics Committee was not required.</div></div><div>Myoblasts were treated for 24<!--> <!-->hours with 0.5% of Chondrus crispus Invernal, while control cells remained untreated. Total mRNA was extracted, and gene expression levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results were normalized using the endogenous glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) assay, and target mRNA expression levels were calculated using the 2-ΔΔCt method. The experiments were conducted exclusively using commercially available Human Skeletal Myoblasts (HSKM; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gibco; Catalog No. A11440) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. As the study was performed solely with commercially available cell lines and did not involve human participants, the collection of human biological samples, or animal experimentation, approval from a Human Research Ethics Committee or an Animal Ethics Committee was not required.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Exposure to Chondrus crispus Invernal resulted in a significant increase in the expression of the mitochondrial genes MT-CYB, MT-CO1, MT-ND1, and MT-ATP6 compared with untreated cells (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05 or <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.1). These findings indicate that Chondrus crispus Invernal positively modulates (upregulates) the expression of mitochondrial genes, including MT-CYB and MT-CO1, which are involved in the electron transport chain of complexes III and IV, and MT-ND1 and MT-ATP6, which play key roles in the initiation of electron transfer in complex I. In addition, Chondrus crispus Invernal inhibits the expression of ATP5F1A, a natural inhibitor of ATP synt","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediterranean energy-restricted diet induces taxonomic and functional microbiome shifts in subjects with chronic inflammatory diseases and excessive body weight","authors":"Gabriela Paula-Buestan, Andrea Higuera-Gómez, Carolina F. Nicoletti, María Martínez-Urbistondo, Raquel Castejón, Susana Mellor-Pita, Amanda Cuevas-Sierra, J. Alfredo Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate whether a 32-week hypocaloric Mediterranean-pattern dietary intervention induces coordinated taxonomic and predicted functional gut microbiome changes associated with immunometabolic improvements in adults with chronic inflammatory diseases and excess body weight.</div></div><div>To evaluate whether a 32-week hypocaloric Mediterranean-pattern dietary intervention induces coordinated taxonomic and predicted functional gut microbiome changes associated with immunometabolic improvements in adults with chronic inflammatory diseases and excess body weight.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 151 adults with body mass index<!--> <!-->><!--> <!-->25<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup> and chronic inflammatory conditions, including post-viral long haulers, systemic lupus erythematosus, and metabolic syndrome, underwent a 32-week hypocaloric Mediterranean-pattern dietary intervention. Anthropometric, metabolic, inflammatory, lifestyle, and gut microbiota-related variables were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Gut microbiota composition was characterized by <em>16S rRNA</em> gene sequencing. Differential taxa were evaluated using LEfSe, while predicted microbial functions were assessed using Tax4Fun and KEGG Orthology-derived functional scores. Correlation analyses were performed to explore associations between microbial-functional remodeling and host immunometabolic variables. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda (protocol PI 164-21).</div></div><div>A total of 151 adults with body mass index<!--> <!-->><!--> <!-->25<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup> and chronic inflammatory conditions, including post-viral long haulers, systemic lupus erythematosus, and metabolic syndrome, underwent a 32-week hypocaloric Mediterranean-pattern dietary intervention. Anthropometric, metabolic, inflammatory, lifestyle, and gut microbiota-related variables were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Gut microbiota composition was characterized by <em>16S rRNA</em> gene sequencing. Differential taxa were evaluated using LEfSe, while predicted microbial functions were assessed using Tax4Fun and KEGG Orthology-derived functional scores. Correlation analyses were performed to explore associations between microbial-functional remodeling and host immunometabolic variables. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda (protocol PI 164-21).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The intervention significantly improved body weight, adiposity, waist circumference, visceral fat, and glycated hemoglobin across disease groups. Although global alpha and beta diversity remained relatively stable after the intervention, disease-specific microbial and predicted functional shifts were identified. Post-intervention enrichment of taxa including Blautia and Faecalibacterium was positively associated with microbial f","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of the inflammatory profile and metabolic endotoxemia by passiflora ligularis juss in adults with obesity","authors":"Luz Adriana López-González, Clara Helena González-Correa, Elcy Yaned Astudillo-Muñoz, Sandra Yolanda Valencia-Castillo","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the modulation of the inflammatory profile and metabolic endotoxemia by Passiflora ligularis Juss in adults with obesity.</div></div><div>To evaluate the modulation of the inflammatory profile and metabolic endotoxemia by Passiflora ligularis Juss in adults with obesity.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A crossover randomized controlled trial was conducted. Three groups underwent three 4-week interventions separated by 1-week washout periods (12 weeks total). Adults with obesity from Risaralda participated. A non-probabilistic sample of 24 individuals was enrolled, with an additional 3 participants accounting for a 10% potential dropout rate. Participants were instructed not to alter dietary or physical activity habits. Inclusion Criteria: Volunteers aged 18–59 years, with BMI<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->30 and<!--> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->40<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Exclusion Criteria: Individuals receiving anti-inflammatory treatment, participating in weight reduction programs with GLP-1 agonists, polyphenol-containing supplements, pregnancy, uncontrolled dyslipidemia, hypothyroidism, or diabetes. Dietary Assessment: A 24-hour dietary recall was conducted in weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12, consisting of three surveys per time point. Anthropometry: Before and after each intervention, the following parameters were assessed: waist and hip circumference, lean mass, fat mass, blood pressure, weight, BMI, skinfold thickness, phase angle, using bioelectrical impedance. Inflammatory and Endotoxemia Biomarkers: At baseline and at the end of each intervention, following a 12-hour fasting period, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, lipopolysaccharides, C-reactive protein, and urinary polyphenols were measured. Intervention: Group 1: usual diet<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->3 whole granadillas per day. Group 2: usual diet<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->1<!--> <!-->g of lyophilized and ground seed per day. Group 3: proposed measurements, no intervention. Statistical Analysis: Intra- and intergroup comparisons were performed using repeated measures ANOVA. University of Caldas Bioethics Committee approved Case CBCS-048 as minimal-risk research under Resolution 8430/1993.</div></div><div>A crossover randomized controlled trial was conducted. Three groups underwent three 4-week interventions separated by 1-week washout periods (12 weeks total). Adults with obesity from Risaralda participated. A non-probabilistic sample of 24 individuals was enrolled, with an additional 3 participants accounting for a 10% potential dropout rate. Participants were instructed not to alter dietary or physical activity habits. Inclusion Criteria: Volunteers aged 18–59 years, with BMI<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->30 and<!--> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->40<!--> <!-->kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Exclusion Criteria: Individuals receiving anti-inflammatory treatment, participating in weight reduction programs with GLP-1 agonists, polyphenol-containing supplements, pregnancy, uncontrolled dyslipidemia, hypothyroidi","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e24-e25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}