Exercise as a modulator of inflammasome activation in obesity-related inflammation

IF 0.3 Q4 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-24 DOI:10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.065

Barrón-Cabrera Elisa, Cristerna-Huerta Salma, Reyes-Trujillo Diana, Vergara-Jimenez Marcela de Jesús, Beltrán-Ontiveros Saúl Armando, Zatarain-López José Ricardo, Martínez-López Erika

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Abstract

Objective

To evaluate how structured exercise modalities (moderate-intensity, functional progressive, or intermittent) combined with dietary restriction or omega-3 supplementation modulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation and metabolic markers in obesity.

Methods

Data from three clinical trials evaluating adults with obesity were synthesized. Interventions spanned 12 weeks to 4 months, evaluating individualized exercise training (moderate structured, progressive functional, or intermittent) paired with a 20% hypocaloric diet or polyunsaturated fatty acid (EPA/DHA) supplementation. Anthropometric and biochemical markers were monitored. Peripheral blood gene expression of inflammasome components (NLRP3, ASC, CASP1) was quantified using real-time PCR.

Results

Lifestyle modifications consistently optimized body composition, reducing visceral fat and waist circumference (P < 0.05), while improving muscle, lipid and glucose profiles (P < 0.05). Additionally, structured exercise combined with hypocaloric diets significantly down-regulated ASC mRNA expression and lowered circulating inflammatory chemokines like MCP-1. Progressive functional exercise uniquely suppressed CASPASE-1 transcription and lowered fasting insulin. Preliminary findings from the ongoing trial integrating intermittent training with omega-3 supplementation reinforce these metabolic improvements, demonstrating high adherence and no adverse effects.

Conclusion

Individualized exercise training acts as a powerful non-pharmacological modulator of obesity-related chronic inflammation by down-regulating critical transcripts of the NLRP3 inflammasome machinery (ASC and CASPASE-1), directly contributing to systemic metabolic recovery.

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运动作为肥胖相关炎症中炎性体激活的调节剂

目的评估有组织的运动模式（中等强度、功能性进行性或间歇性）结合饮食限制或补充omega-3如何调节肥胖患者NLRP3炎性体激活和代谢标志物。评估有组织的运动模式（中等强度、功能进行性或间歇性）结合饮食限制或补充omega-3如何调节肥胖患者NLRP3炎性体激活和代谢标志物。方法综合3项评价成人肥胖的临床试验数据。干预时间跨度为12周至4个月，评估个性化运动训练（中度结构化、渐进式功能或间歇性）与20%低热量饮食或补充多不饱和脂肪酸（EPA/DHA）。监测人体测量和生化指标。采用实时荧光定量PCR法定量外周血炎性小体成分（NLRP3、ASC、CASP1）基因表达。我们综合了三个评估成人肥胖的临床试验的数据。干预时间跨度为12周至4个月，评估个性化运动训练（中度结构化、渐进式功能或间歇性）与20%低热量饮食或补充多不饱和脂肪酸（EPA/DHA）。监测人体测量和生化指标。采用实时荧光定量PCR法定量外周血炎性小体成分（NLRP3、ASC、CASP1）基因表达。结果slifestyle的修改一致地优化了体成分，减少了内脏脂肪和腰围（P < 0.05），同时改善了肌肉、脂质和葡萄糖谱（P < 0.05）。此外，有组织的运动结合低热量饮食可显著下调ASC mRNA表达，降低循环炎症趋化因子如MCP-1。进行性功能锻炼唯一抑制CASPASE-1转录和降低空腹胰岛素。正在进行的将间歇性训练与omega-3补充相结合的试验的初步结果加强了这些代谢改善，证明了高依从性和无副作用。改变生活方式可以持续优化身体组成，减少内脏脂肪和腰围（P < 0.05），同时改善肌肉、脂质和葡萄糖谱（P < 0.05）。此外，有组织的运动结合低热量饮食可显著下调ASC mRNA表达，降低循环炎症趋化因子如MCP-1。进行性功能锻炼唯一抑制CASPASE-1转录和降低空腹胰岛素。正在进行的将间歇性训练与omega-3补充相结合的试验的初步结果加强了这些代谢改善，证明了高依从性和无副作用。结论个体化运动训练通过下调NLRP3炎性小体机制（ASC和CASPASE-1）的关键转录物，可作为肥胖相关慢性炎症的有效非药物调节剂，直接促进全身代谢恢复。个体化运动训练通过下调NLRP3炎性小体机制（ASC和CASPASE-1）的关键转录物，直接促进全身代谢恢复，从而成为与肥胖相关的慢性炎症的强大非药物调节剂。

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来源期刊

CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

0.60

自引率

33.30%

发文量

审稿时长

65 days

期刊介绍： Les Cahiers de nutrition et de diététique sont le lieu de communication reconnu pour les médecins spécialistes de la nutrition, les diététiciens, les professionnels et les chercheurs de agro-alimentaire, les enseignants et les étudiants. Les Cahiers de nutrition et de diététique abordent les sujets se rapportant à la biologie générale, à la médecine et à la nutrition, aux aliments, aux comportements alimentaires, à la diététique pratique, ainsi que des thèmes variés : activité physique, apports nutritionnels conseillés, dénutrition, alcool, obésité de enfant, aliments à effet santé, plaisir alimentaire, restauration collective, goûters et collations, allergies alimentaires...