{"title":"Investigation of protection schemes for high penetration rooftop photovoltaic system","authors":"Bin Li, Hongling Wu, Xiaofei Gao","doi":"10.1109/APAP.2011.6180579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APAP.2011.6180579","url":null,"abstract":"As a clean and renewable source of energy and can be used easily and widely in the future, photovoltaic is one of the most important distributed generations in micro-grid. The deployment of high penetration rooftop photovoltaic (PV) system is becoming a reality in micro-grid. Developing high penetration rooftop PV system in an effective manner is a great challenge. The paper analyzes the characteristics of high penetration rooftop PV system and proposes protection schemes according to the requirements. As the operation of micro-grid is flexible, micro-grid could operate not only in radial or open loop configurations, but also in closed loop configurations according to the security and the reliability requirements. This paper investigates the protection requirements of high penetration rooftop PV system and analyzes the characteristics of conventional protection schemes applied to high penetration rooftop PV system. Obviously, the pilot protection can fulfill the requirements of high penetration rooftop PV system. Taking the fault clearance speeds and the requirement of directional element into account, the paper proposes protection scheme based on overcurrent coordination for high penetration rooftop PV system. The proposed protection schemes show that it can clear the fault instantaneously and significantly improve the reliability and security of high penetration PV system.","PeriodicalId":435652,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126879357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feasible region of under-frequency load shedding and its application","authors":"Tao Mu, Zhen Wei, ChengHu Gong, Zhigang Huang","doi":"10.1109/APAP.2011.6180364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APAP.2011.6180364","url":null,"abstract":"Under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) is an effective way of reducing the imbalance between generation and load before the system frequency falls under the minimum allowable value. However, the load shed during the UFLS procedure may sometimes be insufficient or excess for system frequency to recover. This paper introduces the concept of the feasible region of UFLS (FROUFLS) which could force the perturbed system to a new equilibrium state with acceptable frequency. The proposed FROUFLS is composed of upper boundary and lower boundary for each stage of UFLS. The upper boundary of stage (UBOS) is the maximum percentage of load, which guarantees system frequency will not exceed the maximum allowable value. The lower boundary of stage (LBOS) is the minimum percentage of load, which guarantees the system frequency will not be under the minimum allowable value. The FROUFLS varies with the load on different feeders. It can be employed in monitoring the feasibility of an UFLS program. Evaluations for the FROUFLS in a power system in north China are described in detail to demonstrate the effectiveness of the FROUFLS.","PeriodicalId":435652,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123833146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protection device of high-voltage explosion-proof switch based on IEC 61850","authors":"Wenjun Ma, Longhua Mu, W. Zhuang, Ying Han","doi":"10.1109/APAP.2011.6180710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APAP.2011.6180710","url":null,"abstract":"As the study of IEC 61850 on microcomputer-based relay protection in coalmine is still a blank, the notion of IEC 61850 is firstly introduced into coalmine power system. Taking protective device of high-voltage explosion-proof switch as an example, this paper designs the IEC 61850 network and whole hardware architecture with internet communication module, which meets the requirement of future digital and smart grid in coalmine. The protection functions are decomposed and identified by corresponding logic nodes, implementation process of ground-fault protection, monitor wire protection and current protection are concretely analyzed, finally corresponding IEC 61850 information model is also established as foundation of interoperability. This device, compatible with the existing coalmine power system, can satisfy future smart grid in coalmine, which has good reference significance and application value.","PeriodicalId":435652,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123923433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The feasibility analysis of partial discharge location of XLPE cables based on traveling waves fault location technology","authors":"Yongzhi Su, Yongduan Xue, Bingyin Xu, Liu Dong","doi":"10.1109/APAP.2011.6180642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APAP.2011.6180642","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the basis knowledge about partial discharge of XLPE cables, the idea that precise partial discharge location can be achieved by traveling waves fault location technology is proposed, then some key issues are discussed in this paper, that is the interference between consecutive partial discharges is analyzed, the measurability of partial discharges voltage is proved, and the effective signal acquisition for traveling waves of partial discharge is solved. Finally, the analyzed conclusions are verified by the simulation on partial discharge electrical model.","PeriodicalId":435652,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123952428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of location, size and number of wind turbine receptors on blade lightning protection by voltage distribution analysis","authors":"H. Bagherian, H. Kazemi Karegar","doi":"10.1109/APAP.2011.6180587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APAP.2011.6180587","url":null,"abstract":"Electric and magnetic fields generated by lightning cause a serious hazard to various systems. Nowadays, wind turbine installations with higher power capacity are increasing. Higher capacity requires higher height and so there is more probability of lightning strike. Blades are the most probable components to get struck by lightning. The most common lightning protection system for the blades consists of several metallic receptors on the blade's surface. Those are connected to the ground by metallic down-conductors placed inside the blade shell. In this paper, the influence of the receptors' configurations in protecting the blade against lightning strike is studied. For this purpose, an analysis procedure based on Finite Element Method (FEM) in COMSOL Multiphysics software environment is used. The voltage distribution around the blade is studied and simulated for various configurations of receptors. The obtained results are considered and the best configuration is investigated. The simulations are done on the blade model of a special wind turbine, which is “Vestas V47”.","PeriodicalId":435652,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124184191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Young-Gui Lee, Hyewon Lee, Yeon-Hee Kim, T. Zheng, Y. Kang
{"title":"Islanding detection for a micro-grid based on the active and reactive power in the time domain","authors":"Young-Gui Lee, Hyewon Lee, Yeon-Hee Kim, T. Zheng, Y. Kang","doi":"10.1109/APAP.2011.6180681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APAP.2011.6180681","url":null,"abstract":"The micro-grid (MG) should supply the power to its loads continuously after disconnecting the circuit breakers between the distribution networks and the MG, which is called with islanding operation. In this case, the detection of islanding is a very important issue for the MG because the threshold values for the protection relays in the MG should be changed depending on whether the MG is connected to the grid or not. This paper proposes an islanding detection algorithm for the MG based on the active and reactive power delivered from the MG to dedicated line in the time domain. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified under various scenarios including islanding conditions and fault conditions using the PSCAD/EMTDC simulator. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm can detect the power islanding under various islanding conditions for the different outputs of the MG, and does not mal-operate under various fault conditions varying the fault positions, irrespectively of the frequency deviation and the transient components.","PeriodicalId":435652,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121253662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Abd-El-Aziz, M. Nashed, A. Adly, E. Abou-El-Zahab
{"title":"Electromagnetic forces densities for 3 phase busbar parallel connected to rectifier load","authors":"M. Abd-El-Aziz, M. Nashed, A. Adly, E. Abou-El-Zahab","doi":"10.1109/APAP.2011.6180367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APAP.2011.6180367","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces an analytical approach to compute local force density in every busbar section and the overall forces per unit length for every busbar. An assessment of the overall forces on various busbar structures is made considering all the factors affecting these forces. These factors are the busbars dimension, the instantaneous current values that determine the busbar carrying the maximum current value, inter-busbar spacing, the vicinity of metal conducting plate and the busbar arrangements, either the cross sectional area, in which the current density flow perpendicular to the surface, is horizontal or vertical arrangement but in all cases it is laid horizontally. The local force density and overall force computation is made in case of steady state current neglecting harmonics, steady state current considering harmonics and in case of short circuit current. An experimental model of nonlinear load is implemented to investigate the local force density in the presence of harmonic currents over one cycle.","PeriodicalId":435652,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114805982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chang Li-Ren, Lin Yu-Sheng, Cho Ru, Fan Pin-Lin, Y. Jun-zhe, Yu Chi-Shan
{"title":"The realization of a novel control of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator by using rotor current","authors":"Chang Li-Ren, Lin Yu-Sheng, Cho Ru, Fan Pin-Lin, Y. Jun-zhe, Yu Chi-Shan","doi":"10.1109/APAP.2011.6180768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APAP.2011.6180768","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, most of Doubly-Fed Induction Generators (DFIGs) were controlled by the rotor voltage commands. This thesis directly inputs rotor current commands to control the real and imaginary powers of DFIGs. First, the vector control principle is used to develop the real power imaginary power and capacitor voltage controls. In order to effectively control DFIGs, both the PI linear control and Backstepping nonlinear control theories [1] are adopted to realize the control of the real and imaginary powers. The PSCAD/EMTDC [2] and Matlab/Simulink are used to simulate and verified the proposed PI control and Backstepping nonlinear control respectively. Meanwhile, the PSCAD/EMTDC and Matlab/Simulink are compared in the simulation chapter. The results confirm the performances of the proposed real power imaginary power and capacitor voltage controllers Therefore, the dynamic phasors technique algorithms have the potentials to be established on a practical environment.","PeriodicalId":435652,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124453022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prediction of gases content dissolved in power transformer oil based on gene expression programming","authors":"ZiBin Hu, Yongli Zhu, Zhuo Dong, H. Li","doi":"10.1109/APAP.2011.6180978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APAP.2011.6180978","url":null,"abstract":"In order to predicting the operational status and the latent faults of a power transformer effectively. A new method to forecast the dissolved gases' concentration in transformer oil based on GEP sliding window model is proposed. According to the change characteristics of the dissolved gases' concentration in transformer oil , selects a appropriate embedding dimension, terminals, functions and other running parameters of GEP, then evolve each gas's forecasting models which driven by the fitness function for genetic operation. With a running instance of a power transformer, prediction results for seven major gases and the prediction formula of H2 are given in this paper, then contrasts with the MGM (1,7) model. The comparative results show that GEP model can improve the prediction accuracy effectively.","PeriodicalId":435652,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124506861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingjing Huang, Aimin Zhang, Xiaoju Chen, Hang Zhang, Jianhua Wang
{"title":"A novel direct power control strategy of double hysteresis and multiple switching tables for rectifiers","authors":"Jingjing Huang, Aimin Zhang, Xiaoju Chen, Hang Zhang, Jianhua Wang","doi":"10.1109/APAP.2011.6180381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APAP.2011.6180381","url":null,"abstract":"In order to alleviate the problems, such as the periodic fluctuations of reactive power, the poor quality of ac current and the long steady-state response time, caused by the traditional direct power control(DPC) in three-phase voltage source (Pulse Width Modulation)PWM rectifier, a novel DPC strategy of double hysteresis comparator bands and multiple switching tables (DM-DPC) is put forward in this paper. According to the instantaneous errors between the commanded and estimated active and reactive power, the different switching table and hysteresis comparator band are selected in the new strategy. The effect intensity table, which is used to increase/decrease active and reactive powers through switching state vectors in different sector, is summarized. Based on the effect intensity table, four switching tables are provided. The simulation model is constructed to compare the results obtained from both the proposed and the traditional direct power control strategy. The simulation results show that, by using the novel scheme, not only the reactive power becomes more stable, but the ac current harmonic total distortion rate (THD) and the time that the system takes to reach the steady-state are also reduced to 33.5%, 62.5% of the classical one respectively.","PeriodicalId":435652,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126477681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}