X.L. Guo, Z. Liu, W. Hu, S. Xiong, S. Zhu, Y. Zhu, C. Lin
{"title":"Pulsed laser deposition of LiNbO/sub 3//LiTaO/sub 3/ multilayer films on SiO/sub 2//Si(100) substrate","authors":"X.L. Guo, Z. Liu, W. Hu, S. Xiong, S. Zhu, Y. Zhu, C. Lin","doi":"10.1109/ISE.1996.578102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.1996.578102","url":null,"abstract":"LiNbO/sub 3//LiTaO/sub 3/ (LN/LT) multilayer films are grown on Si(100) wafer coated with a SiO/sub 2/ buffer layer by pulsed laser deposition. Both LN and LT layers are polycrystalline, exhibiting some degree of c-texture, and their compositions are nearly stoichiometric. The film surfaces are smooth, crack free and lack large droplets. The film/substrate interface is sharp and no compositional interdiffusion is detected. Optical waveguide properties are demonstrated. Both TE and TM modes are excited and light propagates well in the alternating LN/LT layers. The average refractive index and thickness of the LN/LT multilayer films are calculated.","PeriodicalId":425004,"journal":{"name":"9th International Symposium on Electrets (ISE 9) Proceedings","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121320001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TSDC study of chemical induced crosslinking in polybutadiene rubber","authors":"J. Pospisil, J. Honskus, R. Capelletti","doi":"10.1109/ISE.1996.578161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.1996.578161","url":null,"abstract":"The thermally stimulated depolarization currents (TDSC) method was used as a tool to monitor and analyze the complex relaxations occurring in pristine and in crosslinked butadiene polymers. A TSDC peak was observed in the range 180-205 K,which can be ascribed to the relaxation at the /spl alpha/ (or glass-rubber) transition, detected also by complementary mechanical and calorimetric measurements The relaxations are due to the cooperative motions of the chain segments in the amorphous network phase. The position, width, and area (i.e. polarization) of the observed TSDC peaks depend on the crosslink density (in the range 500/spl divide/3000 mol m/sup -3/).","PeriodicalId":425004,"journal":{"name":"9th International Symposium on Electrets (ISE 9) Proceedings","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121592048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Chuang, C.Y. Sun, H.F. Cheng, C.M. Huang, I. Lin
{"title":"Electron emission characteristics of pulsed laser deposited diamond-like films","authors":"F. Chuang, C.Y. Sun, H.F. Cheng, C.M. Huang, I. Lin","doi":"10.1109/ISE.1996.578087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.1996.578087","url":null,"abstract":"Diamond like carbon (DLC) films possessing large electron emission capacity was obtained by pulsed laser deposition process. AFM morphologies and Raman spectra inferred that the proportion of SP/sup 3/-bonds is the predominating factor modifying the field emission characteristics. Large laser fluence and moderately high substrate temperature are thus required. The critical laser fluence needed to deposit DLC films with large emission current density was 10 J/cm/sup 2/ for 248 nm (KrF) laser beams and 4 J/cm/sup 2/ for 193 nm (ArF) laser beams, respectively. The highest emission current density was 80 /spl mu/A/cm/sup 2/ for DLC films deposited at 400/spl deg/C using 248 nm laser beams and was 160 /spl mu/A/cm/sup 2/ for those grown at 200/spl deg/C using 193 nm laser beams. The turn on electric field was, respectively, 11.6 MV/m and 11.4 MV/m.","PeriodicalId":425004,"journal":{"name":"9th International Symposium on Electrets (ISE 9) Proceedings","volume":"545 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123067767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonlinear optical polymer electrets","authors":"R. Gerhard-Multhaupt","doi":"10.1109/ISE.1996.578116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.1996.578116","url":null,"abstract":"Amorphous polymers with strong second-order optical nonlinearities contain molecular chromophore dipoles as guest molecules, as side groups, or as main-chain segments. In order to break the inherent centro-symmetry of the initially isotropic dipole orientation in these materials and to render them nonlinear optically active (as well as piezo- and pyroelectric), preferential dipole alignment by means of electrical poling is necessary. After poling, the nonlinear optical polymer films are molecular dipole electrets so that the full range of techniques for the preparation and investigation of polar electrets may be employed. On the other hand, methods specifically developed for nonlinear optical materials (e.g. electro-optical measurements or second-harmonic generation) may-at least in principle-also be used to study any polar electret material.","PeriodicalId":425004,"journal":{"name":"9th International Symposium on Electrets (ISE 9) Proceedings","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126350599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q. Luo, Weisheng Hu, Ziguo Liu, Zhengmin Sun, N. Ming
{"title":"Alignment of liquid crystal on the polyimide films irradiated by pulsed ultraviolet laser","authors":"Q. Luo, Weisheng Hu, Ziguo Liu, Zhengmin Sun, N. Ming","doi":"10.1109/ISE.1996.578187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.1996.578187","url":null,"abstract":"A technique to achieve highly planar alignment of nematic liquid crystals is presented. Spin-coated polyimide film is irradiated by a pulsed ultraviolet laser to align nematic liquid crystal 5CB. The alignment texture of 5CB was observed by a polarized microscope. 5CB is aligned along the polarized direction of the laser beam and a high order parameter S of 0.85 was achieved. It is expected that this technique will find applications in large-area liquid crystal displays and integrated optics.","PeriodicalId":425004,"journal":{"name":"9th International Symposium on Electrets (ISE 9) Proceedings","volume":"235 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116205113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Space charge accumulation in multilayer insulators","authors":"T. Maeno, K. Fukunaga","doi":"10.1109/ISE.1996.578070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.1996.578070","url":null,"abstract":"In a multilayer insulator made of two or more materials with different dielectric constants and conductivities, internal space charge accumulates at their interfaces. If the local field is increased by the accumulated charge, the electric durability of the insulator should be decreased. In this paper, we describe the space charge accumulation measured when using oil-impregnated PPLP (polypropylene laminated paper)-consisting of triple layers (craft paper/polypropylene/craft paper)-was subjected to a strong dc electric field. The experimental results suggest that internal space charge accumulates at both surfaces of the PP layer and that the electric field in the craft paper layers disappears.","PeriodicalId":425004,"journal":{"name":"9th International Symposium on Electrets (ISE 9) Proceedings","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121707839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polarization-field hysteresis measurements in ferroelectric polymers","authors":"A. Sergeeva, Z. Xia, S. Fedosov, Hongyan Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ISE.1996.578232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.1996.578232","url":null,"abstract":"A new method is proposed to study polarization-field hysteresis in ferroelectric polymers based on the appropriate treatment of experimentally recorded kinetics of the electret potential during the constant current corona poling. The apparent conductivity and the dielectric constant measured in the same experiments are considered. As an example, the P(E) dependence for PVDF is obtained and values of the coercive field and the remanent polarization are found.","PeriodicalId":425004,"journal":{"name":"9th International Symposium on Electrets (ISE 9) Proceedings","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125660513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time-resolved luminescence spectrum and radiation recombination progress in surface and core of porous silicon","authors":"B. Huy, Phi Hoa Binb, P. Hội, D. Cao, L. Quan","doi":"10.1109/ISE.1996.578188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.1996.578188","url":null,"abstract":"Time-resolved luminescence spectra (TRLS) of porous silicon (PS) in the delay time range of 10/sup -9/-10/sup -6/ s were investigated. The luminescence spectra include the blue zone with decay time of the order of nanoseconds and the red zone with longer decay time. Recombination mechanisms in the core and in the surface states were used to explain this experimental result. The existence of discrete peaks in the blue zone shows that the luminescence is due to nano-scale crystals.","PeriodicalId":425004,"journal":{"name":"9th International Symposium on Electrets (ISE 9) Proceedings","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122475348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AC conductivity measurements on PMMA:PVAc polyblends","authors":"V. Mishra, R. Nath","doi":"10.1109/ISE.1996.578046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.1996.578046","url":null,"abstract":"ac Conductivity measurements on thin films of PMMA:PVAc polyblends (blend ratio-1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1 and 5:1), grown by isothermal immersion technique, have been carried out in the temperature range 313 K to 433 K and frequency range 200 Hz-2 kHz. The temperature dependence of ac conductivity at all the frequencies, in case of all the blends studied, shows a peak which shifts towards higher temperature with increase in frequency. The ac conductivity has also been observed to increase with frequency. An attempt to explain the observed behaviour and to understand the conduction in PMMA:PVAc polyblends has been made.","PeriodicalId":425004,"journal":{"name":"9th International Symposium on Electrets (ISE 9) Proceedings","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122646704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MIM and MIS electret response of laser deposited Sr/sub x/Ba/sub 1-x/Nb/sub 2/O/sub 6/ thin films","authors":"H. Cheng, Gong-Shing Chiou, Kou-Shung Liu, I. Lin","doi":"10.1109/ISE.1996.578181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.1996.578181","url":null,"abstract":"The pulsed laser deposition technique has been applied to synthesize Sr/sub x/Ba/sub 1-x/Nb/sub 2/O/sub 6/ (SBN: x=0.5) thin films. The polycrystalline phase of SBN films can be obtained only when the substrate temperature was higher than 680/spl deg/C. The crystalline texture can be modified when the oxygen pressure was varied. Both metal-insulator-metal (MIM) and metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structures of films possess ferroelectric properties. Diffusive phase-transition characteristics of dielectric constant-temperature properties indicate that the SBN films possess a pyroelectric property. SBN films, therefore, have potential for electret research and application.","PeriodicalId":425004,"journal":{"name":"9th International Symposium on Electrets (ISE 9) Proceedings","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133097154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}