{"title":"Mixed-signal SoC testing: is mixed-signal design-for-test on its way?","authors":"C. Wey, A. Osseiran, J. Huertas, Yeon-Chen Nieu","doi":"10.1109/ATS.2000.893595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS.2000.893595","url":null,"abstract":"The world market for electronic systems will reach $1 Trillion within a year and with further exponential growth over the next five years. The growth in areas such as telecommunications has increased the demand for creating single chip solutions to system. This has been achieved by integrating a number of complex sub-systems, including standard interface blocks (e.g., analog/digital converters), reused design cores (e.g., memory or microprocessors), embedded software, and new, innovative, custom designed “user blocks”, into a single chip. Today, system-on-a-chip (SoC) has become a reality. However, the complexity of SoC makes it very difficult to achieve the desire test coverage without affecting the design schedule.","PeriodicalId":403864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Ninth Asian Test Symposium","volume":"253 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117305604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Formal verification of data-path circuits based on symbolic simulation","authors":"Y. Morihiro, T. Toneda","doi":"10.1109/ATS.2000.893645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS.2000.893645","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a formal verification method based on logic simulation. In our method, using symbolic values even circuits which include data paths can be verified without abstraction of data paths. Our verifier extracts a transition relation from the state graph (given as a specification) which is expressed using symbolic values, and verifies based on simulation using those symbolic values if the circuit behaves correctly with respect to each transition of the specification. If the verifier terminates with \"correct\", then we can guarantee that for any applicable input vector sequences, the circuit and the specification behaves identically. We implemented the proposed method on a Unix workstation and verified some FIFO and LIFO circuits by using it.","PeriodicalId":403864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Ninth Asian Test Symposium","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125808791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A case study of failure analysis and guardband determination for a 64M-bit DRAM","authors":"Chin-Te Kao, Sam Wu, Jwu E. Chen","doi":"10.1109/ATS.2000.893665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS.2000.893665","url":null,"abstract":"Chips with defects, which escape the test, will cause a quality problem and will hurt goodwill and decline revenue. It is important to look for the defect root causes and to derive the prevention strategy. In this paper a case study of a 64M-DRAM is used to demonstrate the approaches of failure analysis in silicon debug stage and, consequently the determination of the tests for production. The consideration of test derivation is both to enhance the yield and to improve the product quality with low test cost. The root cause, electrical modeling of defects, test selection and guardband determination are introduced. Finally, a quantitative measure is given to show the value of failure analysis for a high volume DRAM product.","PeriodicalId":403864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Ninth Asian Test Symposium","volume":"35 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130527737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New built-in self-test technique based on addition/subtraction of selected node voltages","authors":"K. Ko, M. Wong","doi":"10.1109/ATS.2000.893600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS.2000.893600","url":null,"abstract":"For a faulty circuit, the sensitivity of different node voltages with respect to different faults is not the same. To make use of the node voltages to detect and/or isolate faults, access to the internal circuit nodes is required. Techniques like voltage scan can be adopted to achieve this put-pose but considerable hardware overhead are incurred. Practically, not all of the circuit nodes are necessary to achieve the maximum fault coverage. In this paper we propose a new built-in self-test (BIST) technique, making use of the addition/subtraction of a small pre-selected set of circuit node voltages to achieve high fault detection and location while hardware overhead is small when compared with the voltage scan approaches.","PeriodicalId":403864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Ninth Asian Test Symposium","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130076170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Renovell, J. Portal, P. Faure, J. Figueras, Y. Zorian
{"title":"TOF: a tool for test pattern generation optimization of an FPGA application oriented test","authors":"M. Renovell, J. Portal, P. Faure, J. Figueras, Y. Zorian","doi":"10.1109/ATS.2000.893644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS.2000.893644","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to generate an Application-Oriented Test Procedure to be used by a FPGA user in a given application. General definitions concerning the specific problem of testing RAM-based FPGAs are first given such as the important concept of 'AC-non-redundant fault.\" Then, it is commented that a classical test pattern generation performed on the circuit netlist gives a low AC-non-redundant fault coverage and it is pointed out that test pattern generation performed on a FPGA representation is required. It is also commented that test pattern generation performed on the FPGA representation can be significantly accelerated by different techniques. A procedure called TOF is described to validate the proposed approach on benchmark circuits.","PeriodicalId":403864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Ninth Asian Test Symposium","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114899649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A realistic fault model for flash memories","authors":"Yea-Ling Horng, Jing-Reng Huang, Tsin-Yuan Chang","doi":"10.1109/ATS.2000.893637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS.2000.893637","url":null,"abstract":"To explore all faulty behavior on NAND-type flash memory is impractical, and the defects in the SPICE model level are considered. In this paper, two SPICE models of the flash cell are developed and used for circuit-level faulty behavior simulation. The faulty behaviors can be classified to six types and applied for the fault modeling or testing of NAND-type flash memory.","PeriodicalId":403864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Ninth Asian Test Symposium","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124784408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An experimental analysis of spot defects in SRAMs: realistic fault models and tests","authors":"S. Hamdioui, A. V. Goor","doi":"10.1109/ATS.2000.893615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS.2000.893615","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a complete analysis of spot defects in industrial SRAMs will be presented. All possible defects are simulated, and the resulting electrical faults are transformed into functional fault models. The existence of the usually used theoretical memory fault models will be verified and new ones will be presented. Finally, a new march test detecting all realistic faults, with a test length of 14n, will be introduced, and its fault coverage is compared with other known tests.","PeriodicalId":403864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Ninth Asian Test Symposium","volume":"442 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127799586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Kwai, Hung-Wen Chang, H. Liao, Ching-Hua Chiao, Yung-Fa Chou
{"title":"Detection of SRAM cell stability by lowering array supply voltage","authors":"D. Kwai, Hung-Wen Chang, H. Liao, Ching-Hua Chiao, Yung-Fa Chou","doi":"10.1109/ATS.2000.893636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS.2000.893636","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we discuss a design-for-test technique for the detection of cell stability in static random access memory (SRAM). The power supply to the memory array is isolated and independently accessible from an external terminal. By lowering the array supply voltage, the cell stability is degraded, making the defective cells susceptible to noises induced by read/write operations. On-silicon characterization result using 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology is reported. It shows that the weak tailing bits in the statistical distribution can manifest themselves. The implementation of the test mode is inherently low-cost and can be combined with previously proposed methods for an improved detection capability.","PeriodicalId":403864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Ninth Asian Test Symposium","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116652693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A hierarchical test control architecture for core based design","authors":"Kuen-Jong Lee, Cheng-I Huang","doi":"10.1109/ATS.2000.893633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS.2000.893633","url":null,"abstract":"Recently system-on-chip (SOC) design based on IP cores has become the trend of IC design. To prevent the testing problem from becoming the bottleneck of the core-based design, the IEEE P1500 Working Group is defining a test standard that can greatly simplify the core test problem. In this paper, we propose a new core-based test architecture that can support the IEEE P1500 cores as well as the well-accepted IEEE 1149.1 cores. Both the serial and parallel testing capabilities are provided. Moreover, a new hierarchical test control mechanism has been developed that facilitates the hierarchical test access for deeply embedded cores.","PeriodicalId":403864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Ninth Asian Test Symposium","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124154329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fast hierarchical test path construction for DFT-free controller-datapath circuits","authors":"Y. Makris, Jamison D. Collins, A. Orailoglu","doi":"10.1109/ATS.2000.893623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS.2000.893623","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss a hierarchical test generation method for DFT-free controller-datapath pairs. A transparency based scheme is devised for the datapath, wherein locally generated vectors are translated into global design test. The controller is examined through influence tables, used to generate valid control state sequences for testing each module through hierarchical test paths. Fault coverage levels and vector counts thus attained match closely, those of traditional test generation methodologies, while sharply reducing the corresponding computational cost.","PeriodicalId":403864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Ninth Asian Test Symposium","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131539757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}