Plant Gene最新文献

{"title":"Coetaneous activity of Sub1a and SK for maintenance of underwater growth in rice genotypes","authors":"Sandip Pal ,&nbsp;Dip Pal ,&nbsp;Rup Kumar Kar ,&nbsp;Debasish Panda ,&nbsp;Pradip Chandra Dey ,&nbsp;Narottam Dey","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the availability of flood-tolerant genotypes with <em>Sub1a-</em>mediated elongation, <em>SK</em> has been depicted as the primary gene responsible for elongation under prolonged submergence. However, the combined role of both loci (<em>Sub1a</em> and <em>SK</em>) are prerequisites for the survival of rice plants under flash floods followed by stagnant floods that are yet to be revealed. The combinatorial action of <em>Sub1a</em> and <em>SK</em> in a selected group of lowland rice with the simultaneous presence of both loci were studied for their physio-biochemical performance under induced flash flood followed by water stagnation for 21 days. Among the lines, var. Ganga Sali showed elongation and Kalapatia showed quiescence growth with varied degrees of aerenchyma formation. Further, it was endorsed that var. Ganga Sali showed the highest enzymatic activity of ADH and minimal for PDC under submerged conditions. RT PCR-based expression analysis of <em>Sub1a, SK1, SK2, adh1, pdc1, and susy1</em> genetic loci under differential submergence showed a mixed response to the depth and duration of the induced flood, among which <em>Sub1a</em> and <em>SK2</em> showed distinct differences between normal and test plant tissue. From expression analysis, the differential activity of <em>Sub1a</em> and <em>SK2</em> was recorded, which showed that during the onset of flood, <em>Sub1a</em> starts to express in both the var. Ganga Sali and var. Kalapatia, but as the flood prevails for a longer period, the expression of <em>Sub1a</em> is masked by both <em>SK1</em> and <em>SK2</em>. Overall, the study demonstrates the combinatorial role of both the genes in two studied rice lines under different flood regimes and their effect on phenotype. The present work may be the first report on the combinatorial expression of <em>Sub1a</em> and <em>SK</em> under differentially induced submergence on a mixed rice population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100502"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Sorghum mutant genotypes revealed through genetic Characterization","authors":"Abera Takele ,&nbsp;Tesfaye Disasa ,&nbsp;Tileye Feyissa ,&nbsp;Alemu Lencho ,&nbsp;Chemeda Birhanu","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sorghum (<em>Sorghum bicolor</em> (L.) Moench) is a climate-resilient cereal vital for food security, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Understanding the molecular characterization of sorghum mutant genotypes is crucial for crop improvement, yet their genetic diversity and population structure remain poorly understood. This study assessed 190 randomly selected mutant genotypes from 2000 M₂ lines generated via Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) treatment, alongside two parental lines, using 10 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. Key diversity metrics, including polymorphic information content (PIC), genetic diversity (GD), and allelic richness (Ar), were analyzed. The SSR analysis revealed significant polymorphism, with mean values of 0.84 (PIC), 0.83 (GD), and 6.41 (Ar), indicating substantial genetic variation. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed that 97 % of genetic variation occurred among individuals, with only 2 % and 1 % attributed to population and within-individual variations, respectively. The high within-population variation suggests extensive genetic diversity due to mutagenesis and selection. Despite this, moderate population divergence was observed, indicating genetic relatedness among groups. Cluster analysis identified two distinct genetic groups, with most clusters containing mutants from both parental lines, reflecting shared ancestry. Several mutants with high genetic diversity were identified as promising candidates for multi-location agronomic trials, particularly for drought resilience and yield stability. These findings highlight the potential of these genotypes for breeding programs aimed at enhancing sorghum resilience and productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and comparative analysis of flowering genes in the Sugar pathway from five Gossypium species","authors":"Lei-Ming Liu ,&nbsp;Chuan-Bo Jiang ,&nbsp;Yi-Lin Yang ,&nbsp;Tian-Run Mei ,&nbsp;Ruo-Fei Liu ,&nbsp;Hai-Liang Liu ,&nbsp;Xian-Zhong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flowering is a critical plant growth stage coordinated by internal and external factors. Changes to endogenous sugar levels can promote or inhibit flowering, but research on the regulation of flowering-related genes associated with the sugar pathway in cotton is limited. Here, a genome-wide study identified 165 flowering and sugar pathway-related genes in five cotton species: <em>Gossypium herbaceum</em>, <em>G. arboreum</em>, <em>G. hirsutum</em>, <em>G. barbadense</em>, and <em>G. raimondii</em>. The genes were phylogenetically classified into nine subfamilies and showed a high degree of conservation. Notably, no homologs of <em>INDETERMINATE DOMAIN 8</em> (<em>IDD8</em>), <em>SUCROSE-PROTON SYMPORTER 9</em> (<em>SUC9</em>), or <em>AGP GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE 2</em> (<em>GALT2</em>) were identified. A synteny analysis provided evidence of varying degrees of gene expansion, and a selection pressure analysis indicated that the genes had undergone purifying selection, with <em>Ka</em>/<em>Ks</em> ratios of &lt;1. The similarity among the genes identified in <em>G. herbaceum</em>, <em>G. arboreum</em>, and <em>G. raimondii</em> was higher than between these species and the allopolyploid cotton species, indicating the earlier divergence of these genes. A network analysis of protein interaction revealed <em>G. hirsutum</em> proteins to be associated primarily with sugar synthesis, transport, and metabolism. Yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated that GhTPS1–1 and GhHXK1–1 can interact with GhPGI1–1. RNA-sequencing data for 46 genes from eight tissue-types in <em>G. hirsutum</em> revealed that most were highly expressed in stems and flowers. This study provides a comprehensive phylogenetic and network analysis of flowering-related genes in the sugar pathway across five <em>Gossypium</em> species, laying a foundation for future in-depth research on the functional mechanisms of these genes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular cloning and characterization of CtCuZnSOD gene from Cyamopsis tetragonoloba under drought stress","authors":"Mamtesh Kumari ,&nbsp;Rashmi Gangwar ,&nbsp;Harry Kaur ,&nbsp;Ramasare Prasad","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CuZnSOD plays a crucial role in mitigating drought-induced oxidative stress by serving as the primary defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study identifies and characterizes CuZnSOD in <em>Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</em>, revealing tissue-specific expression of the <em>CtCuZnSOD</em> gene. Its significant upregulation under drought stress, particularly in leaf tissues, underscores its essential role in the plant's adaptive defense mechanism. A key achievement of this research was the successful cloning of the full-length CtCuZnSOD gene, which consists of a 453 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 150 amino acid protein. The expression of the recombinant protein in <em>E. coli</em> led to the purification of a protein with a molecular weight of 15.22 kDa. Remarkably, the enzyme displayed thermostability, retaining over 20 % of its activity at 80 °C, and functioned effectively across a wide pH range, with optimal activity at pH 5.0. Its inhibition by potassium cyanide and hydrogen peroxide confirmed its classification as CuZnSOD. The enzyme demonstrated remarkable stability, retaining activity even in the presence of strong denaturants such as urea, SDS, DTT, and β-mercaptoethanol. This robustness, confirmed by in silico analysis, underscores its significance for diverse applications. This study underscores the pivotal role of CuZnSOD in bolstering plant resilience against environmental stressors, particularly drought conditions. Additionally, the CtCuZnSOD enzyme's stability and resilience under harsh conditions render it a highly valuable candidate for applications in both agricultural biotechnology and enzyme technology, where the presence of stable enzymes is critical for effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of genes related to tillering in lowland rice varieties cultivated under upland condition","authors":"Muazr Amer Hamzah ,&nbsp;Parameswari Namasivayam ,&nbsp;Nur Fatihah Mohd Yusoff ,&nbsp;Chai-Ling Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice tillering is a key determinant of yield and is influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Building upon previous findings that upland conditions reduced tiller production in lowland rice varieties, this study investigated the differential expression of tillering-related genes in two lowland rice varieties, Kadaria and MR269, cultivated under upland and lowland conditions. The transcript abundance of genes involved in tillering, phytohormone biosynthesis, and stress response at the basal part of the rice plant was analyzed using the NanoString nCounter® system. The down-regulation of <em>PIN Protein 9</em> (<em>OsPIN9</em>) and up-regulation of <em>Dwarf 14</em> (<em>D14</em>) in both lowland rice varieties may lead to auxin accumulation and enhanced strigolactone signaling in rice plants cultivated under upland conditions, hence causing them to produce fewer tillers. In addition, the up-regulation of <em>Cytochrome P450 735A4</em> (<em>CYP735A4</em>), a gene involved in cytokinin biosynthesis, was also observed in rice plants cultivated under upland conditions. The differential expression of <em>LAX Panicle 2</em> (<em>LAX2</em>), <em>PIN Protein 1b</em> (<em>OsPIN1b</em>), <em>PIN Protein 2</em> (<em>OsPIN2</em>), and <em>Pyrabactin Resistance 1 Like</em>/<em>Regulatory Components of ABA Receptor 10</em> (<em>OsPYL</em>/<em>RCAR10</em>) was unique to specific rice varieties, suggesting varietal differences in tillering responses to a possible water stress imposed by the upland conditions. These findings contribute to the understanding of potential molecular pathways influencing tiller production in lowland rice varieties cultivated under water-limited upland conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pangenome-wide identification, evolutionary analysis, and characterization of WOX gene family among Brassica Triangle of U's genomes","authors":"Prabhakaran Soundararajan ,&nbsp;AT Vivek ,&nbsp;Gokul Babu Suresh ,&nbsp;Bhavya Shukla ,&nbsp;Kanchan B.M. Singh ,&nbsp;Shailesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Abinaya Manivannan","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) is an evolutionarily important gene family involved in key developmental processes such as embryo patterning, stem cell regulation, apical meristem maintenance, etc. <em>Brassica</em> contains several widely diversified and economically important vegetables grown worldwide. In this study, a pangenome-wide identification and characterization of the WOX gene family among all the species of <em>Brassica</em> Triangle of U's have been performed. WOX gene family was identified from the genomes of 31 <em>Brassica</em> species/morphotypes. About 26–28, 28, and 26–31 copies of <em>WOX</em> genes are present in diploid progenitors such as <em>B. rapa</em> (AA), <em>B. nigra</em>(BB), and <em>B. oleracea</em> (CC), respectively. In allotetraploid species, the number of <em>WOX</em> genes exceeds more than 50 copies. However, their number varies between morphotypes at the pangenome level. Motif and gene structure analysis showed distinct and conserved patterns between homoeologous genes. Non-synonymous (Ka)/Synonymous (Ks) ratio indicated that more number of modern/WUS clade orthologs underwent positive selection followed by those of the intermediate clade. Interacting networks between the <em>WOX</em> and miRNA showed that the CC genome has more complex network pattern compared to the AA genome. Although the <em>WOX</em>-miRNA interactions observed in both AABB and AACC genomes were distinct, they exhibited similarity in overlapping connections. Transcriptome data, analyzed from unfertilized ovule to seven developmental stages of embryos and their seed coat, sourced from public databases across six genomes, illustrated that <em>WOX</em> genes are expressed in a spatio-temporal manner throughout these developmental stages. Furthermore, qPCR analysis of <em>WOX</em> genes at two stages, such as 2–3 days old (leaf and root primordia) and 3 weeks old seedlings (leaf and root) in <em>B. juncea</em> and <em>B. oleracea</em> provides details of stage- and tissues-specific expression patterns between AB and C genomes. Overall, the present study sheds light on evolution and characterization of the WOX gene family in <em>Brassica</em> at the pangenome level for further functional validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the evolution of dumbbell stomata: Insights from the developmental genes of sedges and grasses","authors":"Alison P.A. Menezes ,&nbsp;Emilio Petrone-Mendoza ,&nbsp;James W. Clark ,&nbsp;Salvatore Cozzolino","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stomatal morphology is a defining trait among plant lineages. Grasses (Poaceae) have distinctive dumbbell-shaped stomata that enhance water-use efficiency compared to the more common kidney-shaped stomata. In the closely related sedges (Cyperaceae) dumbbell-like stomata can be found. Dumbbell-like stomata in sedges share morphological features with grasses, suggesting potential conservation or convergence of developmental pathways. To investigate the evolution of dumbbell and dumbbell-like stomata, we analyzed genomic and transcriptomic data from 29 sedge species and five grass species. Using their predicted proteomes, we identified orthologues involved in stomatal development and reconstructed their phylogenetic histories. Among the 16 gene families analyzed, <em>EPFL9, YODA, SCR</em>, and <em>SHR</em> were expanded in grasses but not in sedges. <em>POLAR, SPCH</em>, and <em>ABI</em> were expanded in both lineages, seven families were conserved in both, <em>BASL</em> is not present in both, and, in the <em>ICE1/SCRM2</em> family, <em>SCRM2</em> was lost while <em>ICE1</em> was duplicated in sedges. Gene family expansion in grasses occurred primarily in genes involved in early stages of stomatal development, while the non-duplicated or independently expanded genes shared by sedges and grasses contribute to the development of the two lateral subsidiary cells as well as the guard cells. The gene conservation and independent expansion suggest shared regulatory networks underlying the stomata morphology typical of the order Poales. This study serves as an evolutionary guide for testing functional proteins underlying paracytic dumbbell and dumbbell-like stomata development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100494"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome-guided selection of reference genes from field-grown adult trees and seedlings exposed to defense phytohormones in Erythrina velutina","authors":"Daisy Sotero Chacon ,&nbsp;Cibele Tesser da Costa ,&nbsp;Fábio Antônio Antonelo ,&nbsp;Bernardo Bonilauri ,&nbsp;Taffarel Melo Torres ,&nbsp;Raquel Brandt Giordani ,&nbsp;Arthur Germano Fett-Neto","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Erythrina velutina</em> Willd (Fabaceae) is an important non-model tree with pharmaceutical potential, traditionally used in folk medicine at the northeastern Brazilian semiarid region. The species shows anti-inflammatory properties and central nervous system modulation. Our previous work highlighted its capacity of biosynthesizing several bioactive compounds. It was also possible to identify enzyme and transcription factor genes involved in the response to both biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the identification of reference genes (RGs) for real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays and validation of molecular mechanisms is still lacking. Leaves and seeds of field-grown plants and shoots of seedlings exposed to defense phytohormones (sodium nitroprusside and methyl jasmonate, the former as source of nitric oxide) were examined. As a result, 60 transcripts had RPKM (log2) &gt; 2 and CV &lt; 10 %, from which the 11 most conserved were selected: <em>NADH</em>, <em>26S</em>, <em>UPF, PBL27</em>, <em>CYB5</em>, <em>ARP4</em>, <em>ARD2</em>, <em>OAT</em>, <em>CSTF64</em>, <em>NLE</em>, and <em>RAB7</em>. <em>CSTF64</em>, <em>RAB7</em>, <em>NLE</em>, <em>UPF</em> and <em>ARP4</em> exhibited the highest stability and showed positive, and significant correlations, while <em>NADH</em> and <em>PBL27</em> were the least stable genes. The use of two genes was sufficient for normalizing qPCR assays, and the best gene pairs were recommended. All reference genes were validated with target genes, sequenced, and showed adequate melting curves and amplification efficiency. This pioneering identification of reference genes in <em>Erythrina velutina</em> provides a platform for future molecular studies in this unique dryland species. The herein described approach can also be useful in identifying adequate housekeeping genes in other non-model plant species<em>.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel genetic control of alpha-amylase activity during pre-harvest sprouting indicated by RNA sequencing of soft winter wheat varieties Cardinal and Logan","authors":"Bryan W. Penning","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pre-harvest sprouting, the germination of wheat seeds still in the field, leads to decreased crop value and increased crop losses around the world. Pre-harvest sprouting causes low Falling Number that results in price reductions or rejection of soft winter wheat grain at the flour mill or grain elevator. Several pre-harvest sprouting resistance genes have been found. However, they act through seed dormancy-related signaling pathways which can affect winter wheat root establishment for overwintering and double-cropping wheat with soybean. Here, RNA sequencing has been performed on soft red winter wheat varieties Cardinal and Logan with 91 % of 1978 markers common between them but differing in pre-harvest sprouting resistance. Between 64 and 660 genes were differentially expressed in comparisons between Cardinal and Logan at different time points of seed development. A <em>glucan water diskinase</em> was a top five differentially expressed gene located near a recently reported quantitative trait locus for pre-harvest sprouting. It has potential to reduce alpha amylase activity and starch degradation during pre-harvest sprouting. Slowing starch degradation reduces starch damage, keeping flour pasting viscosity and Falling Number higher under pre-harvest sprouting conditions. Slowing starch damage rather than altering seed dormancy would reduce impact on some agronomic traits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a meiotic atlas and chromosomal mapping of abundant genome elements in the orphan crop golden thistle (Scolymus hispanicus L.)","authors":"Ahmet L. Tek,&nbsp;Sevim D. Kara Öztürk,&nbsp;Hümeyra Yıldız Akkamış,&nbsp;Elif Sena Köksal,&nbsp;Emir Can Kaya","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Orphan crops have great potential for sustainable agricultural production. Meiosis in sexually reproducing organisms is a crucial process for maintaining the chromosome complement and ensuring genetic diversity by meiotic crossover and segregation of homologous chromosomes. Repetitive DNA elements differ in quantity, sequence, and distribution pattern among species. These elements are useful for taxonomic, phylogenetic, and evolutionary studies, as well as for establishing species-specific karyotypes. The golden thistle (<em>Scolymus hispanicus</em> L.), an orphan crop, is a diploid plant species (2<em>n</em> = 2<em>×</em> = 20) of the Asteraceae family and is common in the Mediterranean region. Despite some research on its phytochemical properties, there are few studies on its molecular biology, genetics, and cytogenetics. Therefore, we aimed to construct an atlas of the meiosis of golden thistle and to discover repetitive genome elements. A novel 180-bp repetitive DNA element, Sh180, of the golden thistle was identified by bioinformatic, molecular and cytogenetic methods. Chromosomal domains containing Sh180, the telomeric repeat TTTAGGGn, 5S and 35S rDNA were mapped on mitotic metaphase chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The Sh180 signals were mapped in the subtelomeric regions of all mitotic metaphase chromosomes. Our findings provide the first information for future genetics and breeding studies such as meiotic, karyotype and phylogenetic analyses of this underutilized crop.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}