Studies About Languages最新文献_第7页

Forms Used to Convey Reported Speech in French Epistolary Novel 法语书信体小说中间接引语的表达形式

Studies About Languages Pub Date : 2020-12-02 DOI: 10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.24501

O. Rogoza

{"title":"Forms Used to Convey Reported Speech in French Epistolary Novel","authors":"O. Rogoza","doi":"10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.24501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.24501","url":null,"abstract":"The article is focused on the study of forms used to convey reported speech in the French epistolary novel of the 18th–20th centuries. The study is based on the novels Les Liaisons dangereuses by Pierre Choderlos de Laclos, Memoires de deux jeunes mariees by Honore de Balzac, and Les jeunes filles by Henry de Montherlant, which are prominent examples of the epistolary novel of the respective epochs. Proceeding from duality of the epistolary novel, i.e., a combination of the form of a letter andthe genre of the novel, the French epistolary novel is defined by its special structure and composition, which determine perception of the information delivered in the novel. The form that conveys reported speech is aligned with writer’s intention. A descriptive variant of presenting dialogues prevails, while the use of direct speech in decisive moments of narration results from the pursuit of credibility. When the credibility is not more important, the reported speech is used to describe the characters and cover their characterisations. Indirect speech is used in an epistolary novel more often, but free indirect speech is virtually absent, which is explained by the absence of narrative speech that is usually interpreted via free indirect speech.","PeriodicalId":37822,"journal":{"name":"Studies About Languages","volume":"1 1","pages":"100-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44201827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Change and Continuity in Translation. Renewing Communication in a Globalised World 翻译中的变化与连续性。在全球化的世界中更新沟通

Studies About Languages Pub Date : 2020-12-02 DOI: 10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.27760

Y. Gambier

{"title":"Change and Continuity in Translation. Renewing Communication in a Globalised World","authors":"Y. Gambier","doi":"10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.27760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.27760","url":null,"abstract":"At first sight, technology is transforming rapidly the workflow in translation. Like in many other fields, digital technology impacts translators’ daily life. Technology is so omnipresent that we are hardly capable of measuring the consequences it had, the metamorphosis it has induced. On the other hand, we are also so fascinated by all the technical devices and platforms we can use that we tend to forget or undermine the past and how technology and media have always played a role in the evolution of our cultures. Looking back in history, we can realise that some current practices in translation, considered as new, are not really so new.The use of multimodal “texts” we are referring to everyday is not without analogy with the production and the reading of “texts” in the past. Perhaps the transition from a logocentric to an intersemiotic and intermedial culture puts an end to a limited period of time in history, dominated by printing. But closing the “Gutenberg parenthesis” does not imply coming across the same artefacts again as before the 15th century.Based on the existing literature, our paper questions the borders between some translation practice, media, disciplines, through an historical perspective.","PeriodicalId":37822,"journal":{"name":"Studies About Languages","volume":"1 1","pages":"5-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47376404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Komunikacinė vaikų kompetencija: oficialiojo ir familiariojo registrų mandagumo žymekliai 儿童的沟通能力：正式和熟悉的真实性的标志

Studies About Languages Pub Date : 2020-12-02 DOI: 10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.25342

Viktorija Kavaliauskaitė-Vilkinienė

{"title":"Komunikacinė vaikų kompetencija: oficialiojo ir familiariojo registrų mandagumo žymekliai","authors":"Viktorija Kavaliauskaitė-Vilkinienė","doi":"10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.25342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.25342","url":null,"abstract":"Straipsnyje aptariamos lietuvių vaikų, kurių amžius nuo trejų iki septynerių metų, kalbos ypatybės, koncentruojantis į vieną is komunikacinės kompetencijos rodiklių – mandagumo normų įsisavinimą. Gilinamasi į vaikų gebėjimą pagal socialine situaciją vartoti skirtingus registrus ir jiems būdingus mandagumo žymeklius: mandagumo frazes, kreipimosi į pasnekovą formas, prasymus. Straipsnio tikslas – istirti lietuvių vaikų, kurių amžius nuo trejų iki septynerių metų, mandagumo žymeklių raiskąskirtingose socialinėse situacijose, aptarti vaikų gebėjimą vartoti skirtingo formalumo laipsnio registrus. Darbe keliama hipotezė, kad 3–4 metų amžiaus lietuvių vaikai jau yra sukaupe pakankamai komunikacinės kompetencijos vartoti įvairius mandagumo žymeklius ir skirtingus registrus.Tyrimo medžiagą sudaro panasaus amžiaus vaikų pokalbių, įrasinėtų oficialias ir familiarias kalbines situacijas reprezentuojancių vaidmenų žaidimų metu, tekstynas (~ 30 000 žd.), kuriame užfiksuota 77 vaikų kalba. Pagrindinė tyrimo isvada patvirtina hipoteze. Priklausomai nuo žaidimo situacijos, tirtiems vaikams buvo būdinga vartoti oficialios / familiarios raiskos pasisveikinimus / atsisveikinimus ir kitas mandagumo frazes, oficialias / familiarias kreipimosi į pasnekovą formas. Pokalbių analizėje taip pat aptariamos stilistinės variacijos ypatybės ir vaikų polinkis į tiesiogine prasymų raiską tiek oficialiose, tiek familiariose kalbinėse situacijose.","PeriodicalId":37822,"journal":{"name":"Studies About Languages","volume":"1 1","pages":"112-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43876277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EUR-Lex duomenų bazės generalinio advokato išvadų vertimas iš prancūzų kalbos į lietuvių kalbą: šalutinių pažyminio sakinių atvejo analizė EUR-Lex数据库检察长的结论从法语翻译成立陶宛语：对次要评论案件的分析

Studies About Languages Pub Date : 2020-12-02 DOI: 10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.25120

Aurelija Leonavičienė

{"title":"EUR-Lex duomenų bazės generalinio advokato išvadų vertimas iš prancūzų kalbos į lietuvių kalbą: šalutinių pažyminio sakinių atvejo analizė","authors":"Aurelija Leonavičienė","doi":"10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.25120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.25120","url":null,"abstract":"EUR-Lex teisės srities dokumentų vertimų įtaka originaliai ir verstinei lietuvių administracinei teisės kalbai lėmė pastarojo desimtmecio lingvistų ir vertimo tyrėjų susidomėjimą kintancia administracine lietuvių kalba. Siame straipsnyje, kurio tyrimo objektu pasirinkti prancūzų kalbos teisės tekstams būdingi salutiniai pažyminio sakiniai, papildantys pagrindinio sakinio referentą dalykine informacija ir einantys po pažymimojo žodžio, analizuojama teisės tekstų vertimo is prancūzų kalbos į lietuviųkalbą tema. Straipsnio tikslas – istirti ES Teisingumo Teismo generalinio advokato isvadų, rasytų prancūzų kalba, salutinių pažyminio sakinių vartojimo ypatumus, jų semantinio turinio perteikimo lietuvių kalba sprendimus ir su tyrimo objektu susijusius žanrinius analizuojamų tekstų požymius.Atliktas daugiakalbės EUR-Lex dokumentų duomenų bazės generalinio advokato isvadų tyrimas leido pastebėti prancūzų kalbos teisės tekstams būdingų salutinių pažyminio sakinių kiekybinio pasiskirstymo ir jungimo prie pagrindinio sakinio ypatumus, kurie patikslino mokslinėje literatūroje aprasytas jų vartojimo administracinėje kalboje tendencijas. Holistinis sių sakinių vertimo į lietuvių kalbą tyrimas atskleidė kiekybiskai reiksmingą vertimo sprendimų pasiskirstymą, diferencinius verstinės teisės kalbos požymius ir kognityvinės vertėjo patirties svarbą interpretuojant turinį ir sprendžiant jo raiskos klausimus.","PeriodicalId":37822,"journal":{"name":"Studies About Languages","volume":"1 1","pages":"20-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44975987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hybrids with Final Neoclassical Combining Forms in Baltic Languages 波罗的海语言中最终新古典组合形式的混血儿

Studies About Languages Pub Date : 2020-12-02 DOI: 10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.24325

Jurgita Mikelionienė

{"title":"Hybrids with Final Neoclassical Combining Forms in Baltic Languages","authors":"Jurgita Mikelionienė","doi":"10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.24325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.24325","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents some ideas about the hybrids that are made by combining the neoclassical elements or are mixed of Lithuanian or Latvian and foreign origin combining forms. The examples of hybrids found in English are also provided. This corpus-based investigation reveals that the formation of hybrids with final neoclassical combining forms in modern Baltic languages is a sufficiently active, productive and unobtrusive process of creativity and wit. The identified structural types of hybrids are the following: 1) the hybrids with the international elements of different classical or neoclassical origin; 2) the hybrids with the initial element of non-classical origin. They are almost identical in the analysed languages, suggesting that they are often borrowed and translated rather than created, but if they are created, then this is done by obvious analogy. Some Lithuanian and Latvian hybrids have long been used and included in various dictionaries, and their frequency in the linguistic corpus is quite high. However, most examples of hybrid origin do not exist and probably do not appear in dictionaries due to their rare use, uniqueness, distinctive form or irregularity. The knowledge of hybrid formation and usage can be relevant to the learners of Lithuanian, Latvian, and English, as well as translators, terminologists, and lexicographers.","PeriodicalId":37822,"journal":{"name":"Studies About Languages","volume":"1 1","pages":"92-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48182819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personal Pronouns in CHET and CECheT: Authorial Presence and Other Nuances Revealed CHET和CECheT中的人称代词：权威的存在和其他启示

Studies About Languages Pub Date : 2020-12-02 DOI: 10.5755/j01.sal.1.37.24809

Isabel Moskowich

引用次数: 1

Light Verb Constructions in Lithuanian: Identification and Classification 立陶宛语轻动词结构:识别与分类

Studies About Languages Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5755/j01.sal.0.36.22846

J. Kovalevskaite, Erika Rimkute, Laura Vilkaitė‐Lozdienė

{"title":"Light Verb Constructions in Lithuanian: Identification and Classification","authors":"J. Kovalevskaite, Erika Rimkute, Laura Vilkaitė‐Lozdienė","doi":"10.5755/j01.sal.0.36.22846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.0.36.22846","url":null,"abstract":"Light verb constructions (LVCs) are verb-noun constructions in which the noun carries the semantic meaning and the verb is semantically reduced, when compared with its main meaning, for example, atlikti analize (‘to perform an analysis’). LVCs in Lithuanian have not been addressed much so far. The analysis of Lithuanian LVCs was carried out as a part of the PARSEME project on verbal identification of multiword expressions (MWE). This paper aims at presenting some initial findings on the identification of LVCs in Lithuanian, based on the 1st edition of the PARSEME shared-task results (2017). We describe the identification process according to the semantic and syntactic features of LVCs (PARSEME guidelines 1.0 2017) and discuss the grammatical features of the identified Lithuanian LVCs. \u0000LVCs seem to be less frequent in Lithuanian than in other languages: they make up about 0.2% (215 instances) of the analysed 200,000 token corpus. Based on the number of different LVCs, there seem to be two groups of verbs functioning as light verbs: a relatively small group of common light verbs used in the most prototypical examples of Lithuanian LVCs (e.g., vykdyti ‘to perform’, atlikti ‘to perform’, daryti ‘to do’, and turėti ‘to have’) and a larger group of less common light verbs. Most of the nouns in analysed LVCs have suffixes -imas and -ymas, which are the most typical Lithuanian suffixes for deriving a noun from a verb. Almost 40% of all LVCs are used with 1–3 words intervening between a verb and a noun.","PeriodicalId":37822,"journal":{"name":"Studies About Languages","volume":"1 1","pages":"5-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45207658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

„Atsimenu“: afrikata ar sprogstamojo ir pučiamojo priebalsio samplaika? “记住”：非洲还是爆炸和吹风噪音的采样？

Studies About Languages Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5755/j01.sal.0.36.24533

Asta Kazlauskienė

{"title":"„Atsimenu“: afrikata ar sprogstamojo ir pučiamojo priebalsio samplaika?","authors":"Asta Kazlauskienė","doi":"10.5755/j01.sal.0.36.24533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.0.36.24533","url":null,"abstract":"Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti, ar lietuvių kalboje priebalsių samplaikos [t]+[s]/[tj]+[sj], vartojamos morfemų ir žodžių sandūroje, tariamos kaip afrikatos [ts]/[tsj] ar issaugo priebalsių savarankiskumą. Sakinius su afrikatomis ir samplaikomis po tris kartus skirtingu tempu (įprastu ir greitai) perskaitė 10 informantų (5 vyrai ir 5 moterys, turintys aukstąjį issilavinimą, amžius nuo 24 iki 55). Matuota ir lyginta afrikatų ir samplaikų trukmė, gretinti jų struktūriniai modeliai. \u0000Afrikatų ir samplaikų bendra trukmė labai panasi. Įprastu tempu skaitant samplaikų frikacija siek tiek (1,1 karto) ilgesnė nei afrikatų, greitai skaitant jų trukmė vienoda. Uždaruma atvirksciai: greitai skaitant siek tiek ilgesnė afrikatų (1,2 karto), įprastu tempu skaitant – trukmė vėlgi labai panasi. \u0000Afrikatos ir samplaikos gali būti trijų struktūrinių modelių: a) uždaruma ir frikacija (62 proc. tirtų samplaikų ir 56 proc. afrikatų), b) istisa arba intensyvėjanti frikacija (17 proc. samplaikų ir 26 proc. afrikatų), c) uždaruma, silpnas sprogimas ir frikacija (21 proc. samplaikų ir 18 proc. afrikatų). \u0000Tyrimo rezultatai leidžia daryti isvadą, kad samplaikos [t]+[s]/[tj]+[sj] morfemų ir klitiko ir savarankisko žodžio sandūroje tariamos kaip afrikata, todėl atitinkamai ir žymėtinos transkribuojant tekstus.","PeriodicalId":37822,"journal":{"name":"Studies About Languages","volume":"1 1","pages":"46-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49299133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Strategies and Tactics of Communication in Parliamentary Discourse 议会话语中的交际策略

Studies About Languages Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5755/j01.sal.0.36.23401

N. Kondratenko, A. Kiselova, L. Zavalska

引用次数: 2

The Evolution of Etymons Denoting an Inhabited Place in Ukrainian and English 乌克兰语和英语中表示居住地的词源演变

Studies About Languages Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.5755/j01.sal.0.36.24341

L. Slavova, N. Borysenko, O. Kodubovska

{"title":"The Evolution of Etymons Denoting an Inhabited Place in Ukrainian and English","authors":"L. Slavova, N. Borysenko, O. Kodubovska","doi":"10.5755/j01.sal.0.36.24341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.0.36.24341","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents and discusses a study that focuses on appellatives that designate an inhabited place in Ukrainian and English. This research topic has not been in the limelight of contrastive linguistics so far. The study is based on the assumption that the notion of the inhabited place reflects the reality of the objective world associated with the residence of a group of people in a certain territory and is present in the semantic scheme and consciousness of a person. The article aims at identifying the basic semantic and structural changes in the vocabulary denoting an inhabited place in the Ukrainian and English languages emphasising the necessity to reveal regular semantic relations in modern languages using the data of language historical development. The corpus of the study is comprised of seven Ukrainian and four English etymons, which are divided into five groups in Ukrainian and four groups in English according to the peculiarities of their development in the languages under consideration. The material of the present research is comprised of dictionary entries associated with the etymons denoting an inhabited place in Ukrainian and English. The results of the study indicate that appellatives signifying an inhabited place in Ukrainian and English as distantly related languages show similar patterns of meaning and form development in diachrony, which is reflected in the dictionaries of Ukrainian and English and supported by the data from genetically related languages.","PeriodicalId":37822,"journal":{"name":"Studies About Languages","volume":"1 1","pages":"56-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42653154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0