IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00600

Tim Kobelt, Martin Lippmann, Alexander Nitschke, Lou Kielhorn, Stefan Zimmermann

{"title":"An open source isolated data acquisition with trigger pulse generation for ion mobility spectrometry","authors":"Tim Kobelt, Martin Lippmann, Alexander Nitschke, Lou Kielhorn, Stefan Zimmermann","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ion mobility spectrometers (IMS) are used in a wide variety of applications, including trace gas detection in safety and security applications, but also in more analytical applications, e.g., in medicine or food quality monitoring. Consequently, IMS are often coupled with other separation techniques and laboratory equipment, requiring synchronization between the external equipment and the IMS electronics. In addition, IMS and the associated electronics are becoming increasingly complex due to ongoing instrumental developments. In this work, we present an open source data acquisition hardware tailored to the requirements of advanced IMS, but also applicable to other applications. The data acquisition hardware provides trigger pulses for synchronized operation of the IMS ion gate or external devices. In addition, the data acquisition hardware allows for parallel digitalization using two isolated 16-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADC) with up to 250kilosamples per second. The galvanically isolated trigger input ensures a synchronized start of the IMS measurements, particularly when connecting external instrumentation such as a gas chromatograph. Furthermore, due to the isolated ADCs, the hardware allows great flexibility in defining the ground potential of the instrument setup.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A 3D-Printable smartphone accessory for plant leaf chlorophyll measurement 用于测量植物叶片叶绿素的可 3D 打印智能手机配件

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00597

Karen Ospino-Villalba , Daniel Gaviria , Daniel Pineda , Juan Pérez

{"title":"A 3D-Printable smartphone accessory for plant leaf chlorophyll measurement","authors":"Karen Ospino-Villalba , Daniel Gaviria , Daniel Pineda , Juan Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant health and nutrition are universally inferred from leaf chlorophyll content. This research developed a 3D-printed accessory which attaches to the ambient light sensor in a smartphone to estimate leaf chlorophyll content in five tropical plant species. It unveils 3D printing files and assembling details to freely built the accessory anywhere. It is made from a 3D-printed body, a lighting circuit and common spare parts to measure a 663 nm LED band transmission through intact plant leaves. This chlorophyll absorbing light band allows to measure its concentration. The device was tested by comparing its readings to the universal spectrophotometric test or by leaf parallel measurements with a standard SPAD 502™ meter, and it performed as well as these universal standard methods. Due to well-studied relationships between chlorophyll concentration and nutritional status of plants, and the ubiquitous presence of other sensors in smartphones today, the independent improvement and adoption of this smartphone-connected system would ease the spread of precision farming and digital agronomy practices throughout the different scales of agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ASMI: An automated, low-cost indenter for soft matter ASMI：用于软物质的低成本自动压头机

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00601

Dylan List , Alan Gardner , Isabella Claure , Joyce Y. Wong , Keith A. Brown

引用次数: 0

A multispectral camera in the VIS–NIR equipped with thermal imaging and environmental sensors for non invasive analysis in precision agriculture 配备热成像和环境传感器的 VIS-NIR 多光谱照相机，用于精准农业的非侵入式分析

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00596

Dumitru Scutelnic , Riccardo Muradore , Claudia Daffara

{"title":"A multispectral camera in the VIS–NIR equipped with thermal imaging and environmental sensors for non invasive analysis in precision agriculture","authors":"Dumitru Scutelnic , Riccardo Muradore , Claudia Daffara","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multispectral imaging (MSI) is a technique used to inspect materials properties in different domains, ranging from industrial to medical and cultural heritage and, recently, precision agriculture. Even though several MSI solutions are already commercially available, the research community is working to optimize multispectral cameras in terms of performance and cost. Systems for the agricultural field are usually very compact, combined with drones for large areas acquisition. In this work, we detail the implementation of an innovative, modular and low-cost solution of a multispectral camera based on three core camera systems in the optical (VIS–NIR) and thermal (LWIR) range. Multispectral imaging is performed with a rotating wheel of interchangeable band-pass filters. The system is also equipped with a set of environmental sensors to acquire CO<sub>2</sub> concentration values, light intensity, temperature, and relative humidity of the surrounding environment. The technology and the measurement protocol were experimentally validated in laboratory and in open field. Advantages with respect to the available MSI cameras mounted on UAV is the integrated imaging in both the reflectance and the thermal emissive band in a close-up imaging setup and the use of environmental sensors. From the multispectral stack the spectral signature of the plants can be obtained and various vegetation indices (e.g., NDVI, NDRE) can be calculated for investigating the health status of the plant, while thermography provide additional monitoring. Close-up multispectral imaging is expected to tackle the new challenges of precision agriculture by enabling the acquisition of high-quality dataset on single plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MoMa: An assistive mobile manipulator with a webcam-based gaze control system MoMa：带有基于网络摄像头的凝视控制系统的辅助移动机械手

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00599

James Dominic O. Go, Neal Garnett T. Ong, Carlo A. Rafanan, Brian G. Tan, Timothy Scott C. Chu

{"title":"MoMa: An assistive mobile manipulator with a webcam-based gaze control system","authors":"James Dominic O. Go, Neal Garnett T. Ong, Carlo A. Rafanan, Brian G. Tan, Timothy Scott C. Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mobile Manipulators (MoMa) is a category of mobile robots</em> designed to assist people with motor disabilities to perform object retrieval tasks using a webcam-based gaze control system. Using off-the-shelf components such as reproducible acrylic and 3D-printed plates, and a webcam for eye tracking, <em>MoMa</em> serves as an inexpensive, open-source, and customizable solution in assistive robotics. The robotic system consists of a mobile base that can move forward and backward, as well as turn in place; and a 2-axis cartesian arm equipped with a claw gripper that opens and closes. The simple movement of the robot also allows for a simple control method and graphical user interface (GUI). The user receives information about what is in front of the robot through a mounted camera, and, by looking at parts of the screen that correspond to controls, has their gaze predicted by a convolutional neural network and sends commands wirelessly. The performance of the entire system has been validated through testing of the gaze prediction model, the integration of the control system, as well as its task completion capabilities. All the design, construction and software files are freely available online under the CC BY 4.0 license at <span><span>https://doi.org/10.17632/k7yfn6wdv7.2</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-cost urban heat environment sensing device with Android platform for digital twin 利用安卓平台的低成本城市热环境传感设备，实现数字孪生

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00598

Yonghun Cho , Sanghyun Kim , Jeongseop Lee , Dongwon Ko , Haesung Lee , Yunju Baek , Myungho Lee

{"title":"Low-cost urban heat environment sensing device with Android platform for digital twin","authors":"Yonghun Cho , Sanghyun Kim , Jeongseop Lee , Dongwon Ko , Haesung Lee , Yunju Baek , Myungho Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The proper monitoring of heat and meteorological variables is essential for the well-being of residents of metropolitan areas. It is challenging to configure spatial heat variations in complex urban environments, even though the temporal variation of urban heat flux has been measured at several designated monitoring stations. Neither the budget nor existing techniques for efficient urban heat monitoring are sufficient for a digital twin of the urban heat environment. As a result, we have developed a low-cost monitoring system that can be easily integrated into a portable pedestrian device, kickboard, or electric bike. With this system, citizens can collect information about urban heat, such as air temperature, surface temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, light intensity, and micro-geophysical features including topological aspects and mobile information (e.g., three-dimensional accelerations). Citizens can participate in daily scientific activities using these devices, which facilitate data acquisition and information exchange in urban digital twin environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An automated low-cost monitoring station for suspended sediments and water level 低成本悬浮沉积物和水位自动监测站

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00594

Paulo V.R.M. Silva , Robert B. James , Kathryn L. Russell , Tim D. Fletcher , Maria F.S. Gisi , Oldrich Navratil , Frederic Cherqui , Etienne Cossart

{"title":"An automated low-cost monitoring station for suspended sediments and water level","authors":"Paulo V.R.M. Silva , Robert B. James , Kathryn L. Russell , Tim D. Fletcher , Maria F.S. Gisi , Oldrich Navratil , Frederic Cherqui , Etienne Cossart","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of low-cost sensors, with open-source code, facilitates greater spatial resolution and flexibility of environmental monitoring, thus generating more information and overcoming limitations of traditional commercial sensors. Measurement of water turbidity using submerged sensors can be problematic in that rapid biofouling requires frequent site visits to remove, clean, calibrate and replace the sensor. We therefore designed an automated system using low-cost commercially-available sensors that pumps water from the stream, samples it for turbidity and purges remaining water, leaving the turbidity sensor dry between measurements, thus greatly reducing the biofouling problem and minimizing operation costs. Our station was able to estimate suspended sediment concentrations between 0 and 6 g/L with a root mean square error (RMSE) around 5 % of the total range, which meets typical research and operational study requirements. The results showed that the monitoring station is capable of monitoring water level and turbidity for long periods without the need of cleaning the turbidity sensor, due to its purge function. We demonstrated that spatially intense measurement of turbidity within catchments and drainage networks can be achieved at a relatively low cost, which allows a better understanding of the main sources of suspended sediments and their spatial and temporal variability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An open-source, battery-powered, low-cost, and dual-channel pneumatic pulse generator for microfluidic cell-stretch assays 用于微流体细胞拉伸测定的开源、电池供电、低成本双通道气动脉冲发生器

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00595

Samuel Olson, McKenna Finley, Raviraj Thakur

{"title":"An open-source, battery-powered, low-cost, and dual-channel pneumatic pulse generator for microfluidic cell-stretch assays","authors":"Samuel Olson, McKenna Finley, Raviraj Thakur","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cells in the body are regularly subjected to mechanical forces that influence their biological fate in terms of morphology, gene expression, and differentiation. The current gold standard method to replicate these effects in vitro is to culture cells on devices with elastic substrates and to impart mechanical stretch using mechanical or pneumatic pull–push methods. Microfluidic device designs offer several advantages in this context for general uniform and controlled stretching. However, the experimental setups are bulky, not user-friendly, and often involve several components that reside outside of the tissue culture incubator. Given the wide utility of mechanical stimulation in in-vitro research, our aim was to create a turn-key research tool that bioengineers can deploy in their cell-stretch assays, without having to deal with the complexity and nuances of ad hoc experimental setups. Here, we present an open-source, battery-powered, dual-channel cyclic pneumatic pulse generator box that can reside within an incubator and is compatible with custom microfluidic cell stretch devices. Our method depends on generating pressure-vacuum pulses simply using a linear miniature pneumatic air cylinder actuated using a continuous servo motor. To the best our knowledge, this is a first example of a completely battery-powered, standalone system that doesn’t have any peripherals residing out of the incubator. We provide a detailed list of different components as well as the step-by-step assembly process. We validate its performance in a cell stretch assay using a commercially available microfluidic chip. Our results show an acute stimulation of cyclic stretching over 8 h on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) resulted in preferential alignment of cells perpendicular to the axis of stretch.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142437812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

General Purpose Alarm Device: A programmable annunciator 通用报警装置：可编程报警器

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00590

Robert L. Read , Lawrence Kincheloe , Forrest Lee Erickson

{"title":"General Purpose Alarm Device: A programmable annunciator","authors":"Robert L. Read , Lawrence Kincheloe , Forrest Lee Erickson","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The General Purpose Alarm Device (GPAD) shines lights and makes loud noises to draw the attention of a human being to a problem. It provides a programmable, 80 character display to provide textual information. As an inexpensive modular annunciator, it is intended to decrease the cost of any system that requires complex monitoring and rapid human intervention. Fundamentally, it is designed to act as a peripheral to a controlling computer or microcontroller. The controller may communicate over a USB (COM) connection or a 5V SPI connection via an RJ12 cable. The GPAD is intended to be as general purpose as possible, so that it can be used to provide alarm functionality for many engineering and scientific projects, hobby machines, instruments, and various situations. The original driving use case is to provide medical alarm capability to the PolyVent open-source mechanical medical ventilator. The GPAD supports 5 alarm levels above “silent” of increasing urgency in terms of light, rhythm, and frequency. It has a mute button. It is based on the Arduino Uno Atmega328 design and is potentially extensible through headers and shields like an Uno. The GPAD includes a printed wiring assembly, firmware for the GPAD peripheral, a simple documented API and a 3D printable enclosure. The repo includes instructions for using a second GPAD as a controller as an example for programming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A low-cost homogenizing device for in-field and remote DNA and RNA extraction 用于现场和远程 DNA 和 RNA 提取的低成本均质装置

IF 2

HardwareX Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00592

Christelle Schang , Le Zhang , Baiqian Shi , Monica Nolan , Rachael Poon , David T. McCarthy

{"title":"A low-cost homogenizing device for in-field and remote DNA and RNA extraction","authors":"Christelle Schang , Le Zhang , Baiqian Shi , Monica Nolan , Rachael Poon , David T. McCarthy","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental monitoring of microorganisms is critical for the protection and enhancement of human and ecosystem health. Even though these molecular methods have overtaken traditional culture-based methods and become more accessible, these techniques still require expensive equipment and dedicated facilities to process samples which in the context of a global pandemic, remote sampling areas or low-income countries can be extremely challenging. Sample preparation and sample homogenisation are critical steps for molecular-based techniques, especially for the extraction of DNA and RNA. This study developed a low-cost, open-source, freely available 3D printed homogenizer for the processing of DNA and RNA extraction. The BoSL Beater 3D is a portable device that allows researcher to perform bead-beating steps commonly required for environmental sample extraction protocols in the field and without access to main’s power. The BoSL Beater 3D was tested on filtered wastewater samples and passive samplers exposed to wastewater over a 24-hour period and showed similar or better performance to the traditional laboratory bead beater for both the extraction of DNA and RNA. The cost of this 3D homogeniser is roughly $18 AUD ($296 AUD with the jigsaw, which is roughly 57 times cheaper than a traditional bead beater) and has the added usability of being portable and easily adaptable to any type of jigsaw. In combination to newly developed field extraction kits as well as portable PCR machines, this 3D homogeniser could provide the tool necessary to enable access to molecular testing in remote setting as well as developing countries, which may not have access to fully equipped laboratories, but also allow for timely reporting. In addition, the BoSL Beater 3D, in combination with field extraction kit, can allow more flexibility to researchers while sampling, shipping, and processing DNA and RNA samples, whilst maintaining quality of these samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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