BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health最新文献

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: remarks on 'Interrelations of vitamin D status with adiposity and muscle mass in adult women'.","authors":"Aleena Saleemi, Mustjab Ahmed, Asma Azam","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001363","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001363","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triangulated evidence from the UK and China reveals the health impact of vegetarianism.","authors":"Chen Zhu, Xiaosong Yang, Yanjun Song, Wenyan Xu, Jiakai Gong, Xiaolu Wang, Wei Si, Shenggen Fan","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001245","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vegetarianism is widely recognised for its health and environmental benefits. However, its broader impacts on physical, mental and social well-being remain underexplored. This study investigates the health and behavioural outcomes associated with vegetarianism across diverse populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed polygenic scores for vegetarianism (VegPGS) in 495 971 UK Biobank participants and performed phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) on 443 health and behavioural traits. Cross-validation analyses were conducted using data from 9009 vegetarians to 486 962 non-vegetarians. One-sample and two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses explored causal relationships. Findings were further validated in 11 642 participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Additionally, machine-learning classification models were developed to predict vegetarian status using behavioural, physiological and genetic factors.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>PheWAS identified 65 health-related and 2 behaviour-related factors significantly associated with VegPGS, with cross-validation confirming these links. MR analyses supported causal effects of vegetarianism on lower basal metabolic rate, reduced body mass index (BMI), decreased fat mass and lower risk of type 2 diabetes. CHNS data confirmed associations with lower BMI and diabetes risk in East Asian populations. Machine-learning models achieved high accuracy in predicting vegetarian status (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.913±0.018, area under the precision-recall curve (PR-AUC)=0.40).</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>This study provides robust evidence supporting the metabolic health benefits of vegetarianism. The integration of multimodal genetic, behavioural and physiological data enhances understanding and prediction of dietary choices, offering valuable insights for policymakers and individuals considering a transition to plant-based diets to achieve sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can riboflavin offer a novel personalised strategy for maintaining healthy blood pressure in pregnancy in populations globally?","authors":"Bethany Duffy, Anmol Patted, Rupsa C Boelig, Mary Murphy, Kristina Pentieva, Mary Ward, Diane Lees-Murdock, Victor Garcia, Frank Barry, Vanessa Short, Catherine Hughes, Richard Derman, Helene McNulty","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001212","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension affects 10%-15% of pregnancies worldwide and can lead to serious adverse fetal and maternal outcomes. In addition, women with hypertension in pregnancy are at greater risk of developing stroke and renal disease later in life, while hypertensive pregnancy complications can also affect the long-term health of the child. The identification of strategies to maintain healthy blood pressure in women before and during pregnancy should therefore be prioritised. Emerging research points to an important role for folate, one-carbon metabolism and the related B vitamin, riboflavin, in blood pressure. In particular, evidence from clinical and genome-wide association studies links the C677T polymorphism in the gene encoding the folate-metabolising enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with blood pressure and an increased risk of hypertension and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Riboflavin (in the form of flavin adenine dinucleotide) is required as a cofactor for MTHFR, and notably, randomised trials show that supplemental riboflavin can effectively lower blood pressure specifically in individuals with the variant <i>MTHFR</i> 677TT genotype, independently of antihypertensive medications. The evidence that better riboflavin status modifies the blood pressure phenotype in these genetically at-risk individuals has important public health implications, especially for populations worldwide with the highest frequencies of the variant TT genotype in <i>MTHFR</i>, including Guatemala (up to 66%), Mexico (32%) and Northern China (20%). This novel gene-nutrient interaction warrants particular attention in the context of blood pressure before and during pregnancy. Furthermore, the biological mechanisms require investigation, whereby one-carbon metabolism is linked with blood pressure and how riboflavin, a much-overlooked nutrient in health and research settings, can modulate the excess genetic risk of hypertension in affected individuals. Here, we review the generally unrecognised role of riboflavin as a novel personalised solution to prevent hypertension and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in genetically at-risk women. This article should stimulate current thinking, with potentially important impacts for public health nutrition strategies to promote better pregnancy outcomes in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality risk prediction of uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in community residents: a cohort study.","authors":"Juzhong Ke, Qingping Liu, Xiaolin Liu, Kang Wu, Hua Qiu, Jiahui Song, Xiaonan Ruan, Yi Zhou","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001312","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) is a marker reflecting systemic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. This study aimed to explore the association of UHR with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a community-based Chinese cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 9448 participants from the community-based prospective cohort study conducted in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China. We employed Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the associations between UHR quartiles and mortality risks. Nonlinear trends were examined through restricted cubic spline Cox regression, while bivariate exposure-response surface plots showed the joint effects of UHR and age. Model performance improvements were evaluated using C-index changes, integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification improvement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 10.77 years, 987 deaths occurred. Compared with the lowest quartile (Q1), the highest UHR quartile (Q4) exhibited a 37% increased risk for all-cause mortality (HR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.65, p=0.001) and a 49% increased risk for cardiovascular mortality (HR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.10 to 2.00, p<0.01). The correlation between UHR and all-cause mortality risk exhibited an inverted L-shaped curve, whereas no significant nonlinear pattern was observed for cardiovascular mortality. Bivariate response analysis revealed a significant synergistic effect between UHR and age on all-cause mortality (p<0.05). The addition of UHR significantly improved the prediction performance of conventional models for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings establish UHR as an independent risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and the impact of UHR on all-cause mortality varies with age.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12772544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145917953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily cheese intake positively affects serum osteocalcin levels, vitamin K status and bone turnover markers in elderly men and women.","authors":"Helge Einar Lundberg, Joanna Kafel, Helge Holo, Stig Einride Larsen","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2024-000933","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2024-000933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Daily intake of vitamin K2-rich Jarlsberg cheese is shown to positively affect bone turnover markers (BTMs) in fertile women. How do postmenopausal women and adult men respond to a cheese intervention?</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To estimate the optimal daily efficacy dose (OED) of Jarlsberg cheese to increase serum osteocalcin level in postmenopausal females and males past 55 years of age and estimate the effect on BTMs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten expected healthy postmenopausal females and 10 healthy males past 55 years voluntarily participated in a two-dimensional response surface pathway designed dose-response study with three design levels. The duration of each design level was 4 weeks. Blood samples were taken at baseline and the end of each design level for measurements of osteocalcin (OC), vitamin K₂, the BTMs procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and serum cross-linked C-telopeptide type I collagen (CTX-1) and other biochemical parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the female group, the OC level increased significantly (p<0.01) during the first design level but decreased slightly during the second and third design levels. Among males, the OC level increased monotonously during the study and significantly in the second and third design levels (p<0.01). There was no significant change in P1NP, but CTX decreased significantly (p≤0.05) in both sex groups. The ratio P1NP/CTX increased significantly (p≤0.05) in the female group. S-phosphate and s-urea increased significantly (p≤0.02) while s-calcium and s-magnesium were unchanged. After the study, four of the participating women received a diagnosis of osteoporosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Estimated OED of Jarlsberg cheese was 47 and 67 g/day for postmenopausal females and adult males, respectively. The development in OC and BTMs suggests an anabolic effect of Jarlsberg cheese on bone tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e000933"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From behind the scenes to the forefront: dietitians' ambition to highlight their expertise.","authors":"Tianze Ding, Wei Chen, Chenhao Yu, Yang Niu, Yongmei Shi, Dongsheng Bian","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001326","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Background: </strong>China established a registered dietitian system about a decade ago and has trained many registered dietitians. However, no studies have yet assessed dietitians' job satisfaction. This study aims to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive evaluation of their job satisfaction, professional identity and personal accomplishment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study conducted an online survey across 30 provincial-level administrative divisions in China, targeting nutritional professionals, including nutritional doctors and dietitians. The questionnaire was developed based on internationally recognised scales, such as the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, translated into Chinese. The study examined differences between nutritional doctors and dietitians in terms of work contents, satisfaction with nutrition-related policies and systems, job satisfaction, professional identity and personal accomplishment. Furthermore, multiple linear regression models were applied to identify factors influencing job satisfaction among nutritional professionals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1416 nutritional professionals participated in the study, including 656 nutritional doctors and 760 dietitians. Significant occupational differences were observed in work contents and satisfaction with nutrition-related policies and systems. The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire scores were 55.37±18.49 for nutritional doctors and 46.77±14.54 for dietitians, indicating significantly lower job satisfaction among dietitians. Similar trends were also observed in professional identity and personal accomplishment. Factors influencing job satisfaction among nutritional professionals included holding management positions, the frequency of engaging in nutrition consultations and others.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, dietitians reported lower levels of job satisfaction, professional identity and personal accomplishment compared with nutritional doctors. Implementing more favourable policies could enhance the professional standing of dietitians, shifting their role from behind-the-scenes support to more prominent positions. Such advancements may improve their job motivation and enable them to better address the growing challenges of nutrition-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Processes of supported promotion of physical activity by health professionals: protocol for mixed-methods evaluation within the PROMOTE-PA hybrid effectiveness-implementation cluster randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Belinda Wang, Leanne Hassett, Catherine Sherrington, Abby Haynes, Jennifer Cartwright, Kate Purcell, Roslyn Savage, Anne Tiedemann, Sakina Chagpar, Daniel Cheung, Joanna Diong, Kris Rogers, Georgina Clutterbuck, Ben J Smith, Marina Pinheiro","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001193","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Physical inactivity is a pressing global health issue. Health professionals have valuable opportunities to promote physical activity to patients across the lifespan, but they report barriers to providing such guidance. The Promotion of Physical Activity by Health Professionals trial aims to deliver implementation strategies to teams of health professionals (n=30 clusters) to address barriers and leverage facilitators within their clinical context to promote physical activity among their patients (n=720) (individuals aged five or above receiving care in outpatient or private settings). This trial will use a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation design to investigate the effect of this support on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in patient participants compared with a waitlist control. In addition to determining the effectiveness of this physical activity promotion approach, we will conduct a process evaluation that explores implementation within the trial and seeks to identify mechanisms that help explain the findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our mixed methods process evaluation will employ measures to address determinants across implementation and intervention delivery, guided by a logic model which articulates how the implementation strategies and intervention are intended to work. This is informed by the UK Medical Research Council's guidance on process evaluations for complex interventions and McKay's implementation evaluation roadmap. Data will be collected using surveys and interviews with participating health professionals and patients. Implementation outcomes will include adoption, reach, fidelity and dose. Implementation determinants will include feasibility and acceptability. Quantitative data will be summarised using descriptive statistics and presented using tables and narrative synthesis. Qualitative data will be analysed using a qualitative descriptive approach. Later stage qualitative analysis will incorporate emergent findings from the quantitative analysis to develop a nuanced picture combining narrative accounts with descriptive statistics, exploring how and why implementation support influenced key drivers of behaviour change.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Results of this process evaluation will improve understanding of implementation within the study and mechanisms which may impact MVPA among patient participants. This evaluation aims to guide future implementation and scale-up of the implementation strategies and interventions to suit varied clinical contexts and future research.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12623000920695).</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary diversity and its associations with body mass index and perceived health among adults in Palau.","authors":"Chihiro Tsuchiya-Theorin, Akiko Iida, Christopher Kitalong, Nwe Yin Yin, Bachat Arsenio, Takuro Furusawa","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001225","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The Republic of Palau is facing a growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Dietary diversity is a recognised indicator of diet quality and is linked to body mass index (BMI) and perceived health. However, its role in the rapidly changing food environment in Palau remains unclear. This study aimed to examine associations among dietary diversity, BMI and perceived health among adults and identify region-specific dietary patterns and food items linked to health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey using structured door-to-door interviews was conducted between August and December 2023 with 263 Palauan adults aged 20 years and older across urban and rural areas. Data on dietary intake, anthropometry and self-rated health were collected. Dietary diversity was assessed using a modified 11-item Food Diversity Score Kyoto (FDSK-11), which categorised meat and fish into fresh and processed forms. Multiple and logistic regression analyses were performed, adjusting for sociodemographic covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FDSK-11 scores ranged from 3 to 11 (mean: 9.0), with no statistically significant difference between urban and rural areas. However, the consumption of root crops, fresh fish, processed meat and fruits was statistically higher in rural areas, while egg and dairy consumption was more common in urban areas. The obesity rate reached 58.8%, while 57.1% of participants rated their health as poor. The study found no statistically significant association between dietary diversity and BMI or perceived health. In rural areas, higher fruit intake was inversely associated with BMI, and root crop consumption was positively associated with better perceived health. In urban areas, higher intake of fresh fish, processed fish, dairy products and vegetables was linked to better perceived health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings imply that promoting culturally relevant, high-quality local foods may be more effective than emphasising dietary diversity. Thus, public health strategies should prioritise the revitalisation of traditional food systems to address the increasing NCD burden in Palau.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the relationship between health literacy and attitude to believe fake news about food: a survey among the Italian population.","authors":"Valeria Gabellone, Fabiana Nuccetelli, Guglielmo Bonaccorsi, Francesca Fortunato, Rosa Prato, Pier Luigi Lopalco","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001231","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the correlation between health literacy (HL) and susceptibility to food-related fake news, and to explore the role of social media and influencers in shaping consumers' food choices.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional survey conducted via an online questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Nine community pharmacies located in northern, central and southern Italy.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 2284 consumers recruited between January and March 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lower HL levels were significantly associated with poorer self-reported education, health and economic status, as well as precarious employment. These same variables were linked to a higher likelihood of believing and spreading food-related fake news. Individuals from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds were also more likely to trust influencers who influenced their food choices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HL plays a key role in reducing the susceptibility to food-related misinformation, particularly in lower socioeconomic groups. Targeted interventions aimed at improving HL may help mitigate the spread of fake news and empower individuals to make healthier food choices.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calorie labelling and other drivers of takeaway food choices.","authors":"Laura Cornelsen, Oana Adelina Tanasache, Cherry Law, Tahrima Choudhury, Richard D Smith, Steven Cummins","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001268","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frequent consumption of out-of-home (OOH) foods, including takeaways, is linked to higher energy intake and poorer diet quality. In April 2022, calorie labelling was mandated in England for large OOH businesses to support healthier choices. This paper aimed to explore knowledge and use of calorie labelling when ordering takeaway food online and other factors influencing food choices, overall and by sociodemographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey of 1040 takeaway consumers in England from an OOH purchase panel assessed knowledge and awareness of calorie labelling legislation, self-reported impact on online takeaway choices, and key drivers of takeaway consumption. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, logistic regressions and thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 27% of respondents ordered takeaways once or more per week. Respondents aged 35 years and older were less likely (OR 0.28-0.52, p<0.05), while those with obesity were more likely (OR 2.01, p<0.001) to report frequent takeaway purchases. Women were more knowledgeable about the recommended energy meal content than men (OR 2.06, p<0.001), yet only 15% of respondents knew the guideline amount. Awareness of calorie labelling regulations was 63% overall, but was less likely in middle socioeconomic groups (OR 0.56-0.63, p<0.05). During past online orders, 23% noticed calorie labels; of these, 26% reduced food calories ordered, and 10% reduced drink calories ordered. Taste and price were key drivers of takeaway choices, while health and sustainability were less influential. Strong support emerged for healthier menu options and traffic light labelling to help improve the healthiness of takeaway orders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the limited reported impact, calorie labels may only benefit a minority. As meal healthiness was ranked as a relatively less important driver for takeaway choices, further policies are required to complement calorie labelling in promoting healthier food environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12772572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145918750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}