BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health最新文献

{"title":"Nutritional deficits in paediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients: the impact of lipid-free parenteral nutrition on caloric intake and outcomes.","authors":"Mohammed Almutham, Manar Alawwad, Ibraheem Shammakhi, Samia Alhashim, Mohammad Alsharhan","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001301","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>When extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was first introduced for paediatric patients, lipid emulsions were mostly administered directly into the ECMO circuit. However, clinicians have observed that lipid emulsions tend to separate and agglutinate within the circuit, raising concerns about potential complications. Many institutions therefore opted to exclude lipids from parenteral regimens, inadvertently leading to inadequate nutritional support for these critically ill patients. This study measured the caloric deficit resulting from the lack of lipid provision to paediatric ECMO patients in relation to the patients' basal energy expenditure (BEE) and explored the resulting nutritional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>This was a retrospective, single-centre study conducted at a tertiary care hospital. All paediatric ECMO patients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) from the period of April 2020 to April 2023 were included in the study.Twenty-three patients were identified. Of these, 18 (78.26%) did not achieve the target BEE. The average calorie deficit of all patients was 40.23% of the calculated BEE (SD=17.468%). Of the patients who had a calorie deficit, eight (50%) died. No significant differences were found in patients' weights before and after stopping PN (p=0.3594).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study explored the challenge of meeting the nutritional needs of paediatric ECMO patients when lipids are excluded from PN. Significant caloric deficits require alternative strategies to prevent patient malnourishment without affecting the ECMO circuit's functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic analysis of salivary microbiota in patients with anorexia nervosa and association with functional digestive disorders (ORMICAN pilot study).","authors":"Luc Vignal, Raynald de Lahondès, André Gillibert, Marie-Pierre Tavolacci, Edi Prifiti, Etienne Formstecher, David Ribet, Muriel Quillard, Moïse Coeffier, Pierre Déchelotte","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2024-001112","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2024-001112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) have intestinal dysbiosis and are frequently affected by oral and upper gastrointestinal disorders. Until now, no metagenomic sequencing data were available on oral microbiota in AN.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This observational study enrolled 46 patients with restrictive/purging AN and 20 controls. Salivary samples were performed after fasting. DNA of oral microbiota from salivary samples was analysed by whole genome shotgun deep sequencing. The primary objective was to compare the diversity of oral microbiota between patients with AN and healthy individuals. Secondary endpoints were to assess the associations between the diversity of oral microbiota and the severity of functional digestive disorders, between patients with a restrictive type of AN and patients with a mixed/purging type and between the diversity of oral microbiota and the severity of AN.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed not only a significant decrease in the alpha diversity of oral microbiota in AN patients (4.47 (4.05; 4.75)) versus controls (4.81 (4.68; 5.04)) (p=0.001) but also in gene richness (p=0.00023). There was no significant correlation (95% CI) between oral microbiota diversity and functional digestive disorders nor between patients with a restrictive type of AN and patients with a mixed/purging type of AN, nor between the diversity of oral microbiota and the severity of AN. In addition, we observed four bacterial taxa that were decreased in AN patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study highlights a decreased diversity of oral microbiota in AN patients. Future larger studies may help identify the prognostic and therapeutic value of oral microbiota in AN.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of maternal alcohol intake during pregnancy in early-life child neurodevelopment: results of the Italian PHIME cohort.","authors":"Valentina Rosolen, Fabiano Barbiero, Marika Mariuz, Maria Parpinel, Luca Ronfani, Liza Vecchi Brumatti, Maura Bin, Luigi Castriotta, Francesca Valent, D'Anna Little, Fabio Barbone","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001313","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is a well-established risk factor for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, particularly at high levels of consumption. The impact of low-to-moderate PAE remains unclear, with mixed results reported. This study investigates the effects of low-level PAE on neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months in Italian mother-child pairs enrolled in the Italian Northern Adriatic Cohort II, a part of the 'Public health impact of long-term, low-level, mixed element exposure in susceptible population strata' project PHIME.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population consisted of 632 children, and their mothers, who were tested with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development third edition (BSID-III) at 18 months of age. PAE, socio-demographic and lifestyle information was collected through questionnaires at different phases of follow-up. We analysed 605 children born at term (≥37 weeks) with BSID-III data and maternal pregnancy alcohol intake estimates. Multiple linear regression assessed associations between each BSID-III composite score (cognitive, motor, language) and PAE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mothers' alcohol consumption was very low. The median (25th percentile to 75th percentile) of the weekly alcohol intake of the 605 mothers was 0.3 (0-1.4) drinks and of the children's cognitive, language and motor composite score were 105 (100-110), 97 (91-103) and 100 (97-107), respectively. No significant association was found between maternal alcohol intake and BSID-III cognitive nor language scores. Only a suggestive, non-consistent, inverse association was found between PAE and motor neurodevelopment. Maternal IQ and promotion of child autonomy were directly associated with all neurodevelopmental outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low levels of PAE were not associated with neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 months, except for possible motor impairment at higher exposures: our findings highlight the predominant influence of maternal IQ and the home environment. Further research, including a broader range of alcohol exposure, is needed to better define potential safety thresholds of PAE on early-life neurodevelopment.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertension across Africa: beyond the DASH diet.","authors":"Emmanuel Baah","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001290","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001290","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Your Lifestyle As Medicine: the impact of a citizen initiative for people with type 2 diabetes using peer coaching and self-management.","authors":"Daphne Charlotte Josephine Raad, Anne Marit Koome, Raymond Noordam, Hanno Pijl, David Van Bodegom","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001362","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Sustained lifestyle changes are crucial for the remission of type 2 diabetes (T2D) but remain challenging. Citizen initiatives using peer coaching and self-management may offer a promising alternative to professional medical care. This study evaluated <i>Your Lifestyle As Medicine</i> (YLAM), a Dutch citizen initiative for people with T2D. We aimed to assess its impact on metabolic parameters and to examine participants' engagement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational study analysed self-reported data on weight, waist circumference, fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin (HbA₁c) from participants in YLAM's online community. Participants could report their self-measured data on a weekly basis. Linear mixed-model analyses, stratified by sex, were used to assess changes in metabolic parameters over time. Additionally, we evaluated participants' engagement through reporting duration and weekly reporting rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We assessed all 232 people with T2D who reported multiple measurements for at least 3 months. The median reporting duration was 11.2 months (IQR 4.6-26.5). Weekly reporting rates were 59% for weight, 55% for waist circumference and 52% for fasting glucose, and 12-weekly reporting rates were 49% for HbA₁c. Overall, mean weight, waist circumference, fasting glucose and HbA₁c improved in the first year in both women and men. More specifically, weight decreased by 7.2 kg in women (95% CI -7.6 to -6.8) and by 7.4 kg in men (95% CI -8.0 to -6.8). This represented a mean relative weight loss of 9.0% (SD 7.7) and 8.6% (SD 6.5), respectively. Waist circumference decreased by 8.9 cm in women (95% CI -9.4 to -8.5) and by 8.5 cm in men (95% CI -9.1 to -7.8). Fasting glucose decreased by 1.15 mmol/L in women (95% CI -1.32 to -0.98) and by 0.49 mmol/L in men (95% CI -0.75 to -0.23). HbA₁c decreased by 14.5 mmol/mol in women (95% CI -17.4 to -11.6) and by 9.1 mmol/mol in men (95% CI -13.2 to -5.0). Of all participants, 44% reported data for longer than a year and demonstrated sustained improvements in weight and waist circumference in the long term.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides evidence for substantial and sustained improvements in self-reported metabolic parameters in people with T2D engaged in a citizen initiative without medical supervision. Initiatives like YLAM offer a promising, accessible and scalable strategy to address the growing burden of lifestyle-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12772579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145918024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary diversity, adequate vitamin A-rich food consumption and their associated factors among lactating mothers in South Ethiopia: a food frequency questionnaire-based study.","authors":"Mehert Kitaw Gebretsadik, Darik Temesgen Assefa, Samuel Alemu Bamboro, Nigus Kabtu Belete, Mustafa Glagn Abdilwohab, Muluken Bekele Sorrie","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001222","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lactating mothers in low-income countries frequently experience low dietary diversity and inadequate vitamin A-rich food consumption. This can lead to micronutrient deficiencies, which increase the risk of intergenerational malnutrition and mortality. Regardless of this, there is limited research on dietary diversity and vitamin A-rich food consumption among lactating mothers in the study area.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the prevalence of dietary diversity, adequate vitamin A-rich food consumption and associated factors among lactating mothers in Arba Minch Zuria district, Southern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>This study was conducted among 410 randomly selected lactating mothers from the Arba Minch Zuria district, Southern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Primary and secondary outcomes: </strong>The data were collected by trained data collectors through a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Bivariate logistic regression was conducted to select candidate variables, and a multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the association. A p value<0.05 with corresponding 95% CI was used to test statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of minimum dietary diversity was 44.1% (95% CI 39.3% to 48.9%); family size (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.92; 95% CI 1.09 to 3.397), meal frequency (AOR 3.43, 95% CI 1.69 to 6.95), home gardening (AOR=3.56; 95% CI 1.99 to 6.37), postnatal care follow-up (AOR=2.73, 95% CI 1.54-4.837) and food security (AOR=2.067; 95% CI 1.237 to 3.45) were significantly associated with dietary diversity among lactating mothers. Adequate consumption of vitamin A-rich food was 24.6% (95% CI 20.5% to 28.9%); educational status (AOR=3.604; 95% CI 1.635 to 7.94), antenatal care follow-up (AOR=2.73; 95% CI 1.03 to 7.28) and home gardening (AOR=2.21; 95% CI 1.11 to 4.34) were significantly associated with it.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nearly half of the lactating mothers in the study area achieved the minimum dietary diversity; family size, meal frequency, home gardening, postnatal care and food security were factors significantly associated. Almost one-fourth of the mothers consumed adequate vitamin A-rich food; educational status, antenatal care follow-up and home gardening were significantly associated with it.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conflict and its global health consequences: a decolonial call to action.","authors":"Jennie Gamlin, Ayesha Ahmad","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000179","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000179","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e000179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving adherence to oral nutritional supplements in clinical practice: a practice pattern for a holistic person-centred approach.","authors":"Evelina Liljeberg, Lisa Söderström, Malin Skinnars Josefsson, Liz Payne, Sandra Einarsson","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001235","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001235","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of pre-eclampsia and its associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at the 37 Military Hospital in Ghana.","authors":"Priscilla N A Odei-Quansah, Francis Zinenuba Taabia, Martin Nyaaba Adokiya","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001176","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2025-001176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pre-eclampsia remains a major global public health challenge, contributing significantly to maternal mortality and adverse birth outcomes. Despite progress in reducing maternal deaths in Ghana, pre-eclampsia continues to disproportionately impact maternal health. The diverse and poorly understood predictors of pre-eclampsia highlight the need for further research. This study aimed to assess the incidence and predictors of pre-eclampsia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at the 37 Military Hospital in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study was conducted with 288 pregnant women enrolled before their 12th week of gestation, selected through simple random sampling. Participants were interviewed once per trimester to collect data on dietary diversity, protein intake and fruit and vegetable consumption during pregnancy. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify associations between pre-eclampsia and maternal dietary intake, along with other factors, with statistical significance set at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of pre-eclampsia was 19.5% (n=56), with most cases (95.8%, n=46) resolved before the third trimester. Higher intake of fruits and vegetables was associated with a modest increase in odds (adjusted ORs (aORs) 1.00; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.01). Adequate gestational weight gain was linked to higher odds (aOR 29.26; 95% CI 7.48 to 114.51). Maternal stress was a significant predictor of pre-eclampsia (aOR 10.95; 95% CI 1.10 to 109.37), while increased maternal education correlated with decreased odds (aOR 0.83; 95% CI 0.68 to 0.96). Younger maternal age, under 24 years (aOR 0.04; 95% CI 0.00 to 0.26) and between 25 and 34 years (aOR 0.23; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.98), was a protective factor compared with women aged 35 and older. No significant associations were found for dietary diversity (aOR 0.82; 95% CI 0.33 to 2.02), protein intake (aOR 1.00; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.01) or modified salt consumption (aOR 0.44; 95% CI 0.11 to 1.79).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reported a higher incidence of pre-eclampsia than previous research and identified maternal age, education, gestational weight gain, stress and fruit and vegetable intake as key risk factors. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to enhance maternal awareness, optimise prenatal care and reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia, ultimately improving pregnancy outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"e001176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: <i>Apple cider vinegar for weight management in lebanese adolescents and young adults with overweight and obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study</i>.","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/bmjnph-2023-000823ret","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjnph-2023-000823ret","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2023-000823.].</p>","PeriodicalId":36307,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"693"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12957198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147366650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}