Clinical Nutrition Open Science最新文献

{"title":"Malnutrition defined by Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria, cachexia, and dietary intake among adult patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy","authors":"Chipiliro Dannayo ,&nbsp;Aaron Thokozani Chikakuda ,&nbsp;Richard Nyasosela ,&nbsp;Getrude Mphwanthe","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Malnutrition is associated with high morbidity and mortality among patients with cancer. In Malawi, there is limited data on the prevalence of malnutrition and cachexia and associated factors among adult out-patients with cancer. We therefore assessed factors associated with malnutrition, cachexia, and dietary intake in adult outpatients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Cancer Centre in Malawi, targeting adult outpatients with different types of cancer. Data collected included socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometrics, health-related information, inflammatory biomarkers, and dietary intakes. We screened for malnutrition risk using the Malnutrition Screening Tool and assessed for malnutrition and cachexia using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition and Fearon criteria, respectively. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions examined the factors associated with malnutrition, cachexia, and dietary intake at p&lt;0.05, using SPSS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study included 97 patients with a mean age of 49.24 ± 13.9 years, and 68.0% were female. The common types of cancer were cervical (47.4%) and gastrointestinal (20.6%). Approximately 51.5% of the patients were at risk of malnutrition, 33.0% were malnourished, and 24.7% had cachexia. The estimated median [Interquartile range: IQR] protein (0.99 g/kg/day [0.76; 1.42]; p=0.028) and dietary fiber (19.40 g/day [12.85; 29.50]) intakes were lower than the recommendations. The risk of malnutrition increased with anorexia (p=0.011) and reduced with normal handgrip strength (p=0.037). Gastrointestinal cancer (p=0.016) and high C-reactive protein (p=0.002) were associated with malnutrition. Having gastrointestinal cancer (p=0.040), living with HIV (p=0.030), anorexia (p=0.029), and inadequate energy intake (p=0.012) were associated with cachexia. Furthermore, gastrointestinal cancer was negatively associated with energy (p&lt;0.0001) and protein (p=0.010) intakes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Malnutrition, cachexia, and inadequate dietary intake are of concern in Malawian patients with cancer. Therefore, tailored dietetic/nutrition interventions are urgently needed in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 31-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuum of Care - Building bridges between different phases of the patient's pathway","authors":"Michael Adolph ,&nbsp;Marek Lichota","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presented Continuum of Care concept refers to a patient-oriented care system describing a modern nutrition management workflow avoiding malnourished patients. For long time, nutrition has had low priority compared to resuscitation and other immediate therapies but does play an important role as malnutrition is associated with increased complications and delayed postoperative recovery. For optimal clinical outcomes, it is important to immediately start targeted nutritional therapy during severe illness. Continuum of care in a modern nutrition management starts with a diagnosis and the decision for surgery. It is an interdisciplinary approach involving different medical specialists. Ahead of surgical procedures, the patient´s condition is improved in the best possible way by means of a multimodal prehabilitation approach combining different interventions, e.g., exercise, patient education, psychologic support, and nutrition. This approach aims at strengthening the nutritional, physical as well as the psychological status of the patient. Addressing pre-operative risk factors significantly impacts the postoperative period. Patients actively participate in this process and receive supervision both before and during their hospital stay, as well as during discharge and the subsequent recovery and rehabilitation phase. Healthcare professionals should prioritize nutritional requirements. While guidelines on nutritional care exist, translating these guidelines into individualized nutritional plans is essential for providing optimal patient care. Thus, the presented Continuum of Care concept reflects an efficient, adapted nutritional therapy for patients throughout the whole course of their illness to fight malnutrition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 111-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cinnamon treatment shows promise for glycemic control but may cause adverse effects in some people","authors":"Laura del Bosque-Plata ,&nbsp;Claudia Gragnoli","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cinnamon has a long history as a treatment for a range of health conditions, and recent studies have provided evidence for its beneficial effects, particularly for hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, cinnamon can contain high amounts of naturally occurring coumarin, a blood thinner. So, its use as a treatment needs to be balanced with its potential anticoagulant effects.</div><div>We hypothesize that cinnamon treatment may pose a risk for some patients, depending on the dose and duration of treatment and individual characteristics, including age, sex, and use of other medications.</div><div>In this short article, we provide an overview and discussion of the published literature, as well as our own experiences in the clinic, which raise potential concerns about the safety of cinnamon treatment. In particular, there are concerns about the dose, especially when used in the context of anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 184-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementation of Arjun (Terminalia arjuna) bark powder prevented oxidative stress and enhanced antioxidants in kidneys on isoproterenol-treated Swiss albino mice model","authors":"Rashedul Haque ,&nbsp;Sajib Paul ,&nbsp;Md. Tipu Sultan ,&nbsp;Faizul Islam Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Md. Kawser ,&nbsp;Shariful Islam Nayan ,&nbsp;S.M. Hafiz Hassan ,&nbsp;Afsana Kabir Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Raiyana Huda ,&nbsp;Sauda Sumaya Dina ,&nbsp;Sheikh Zahir Raihan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the impact of Arjun on the oxidative stress levels in the renal system. Oxidative stress induces renal injury, resulting in a range of problems including renal damage, renal dysfunction, and chronic kidney disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant properties and efficacy of Arjun in mitigating oxidative stress and renal damage induced by isoproterenol. A total of twenty-four mice were divided into four groups, with each group consisting of six mice. The body weight of each mouse in the groups was recorded daily. The weight of the organ, such as the kidney, while it was wet, was also recorded. Plasma levels of creatinine and uric acid were assessed using biochemical analysis. Plasma and kidney samples were analyzed to assess MDA, NO, and MPO levels as indicators of oxidative stress. Creatinine plasma (ISO- 1.6043 mg/dL, ISO + Arjun 2.5%- 1.4124 mg/dL, <em>P =</em> 0.0081) and in uric acid plasma (ISO- 3.2201, ISO + Arjun 2.5%- 2.8033, <em>P =</em> 0.0057). MDA plasma (ISO- 7.9600 nmol/mL, ISO + Arjun 2.5%- 5.0467 nmol/mL, <em>P =</em> 0.0070) and in MDA kidney (ISO- 29.7000 nmol/g tissue, ISO + Arjun 2.5%- 23.1667 nmol/g tissue, <em>P =</em> 0.0048). NO plasma (ISO- 9.5067 nmol/mL, ISO + Arjun 2.5%- 6.8800 nmol/mL, <em>P =</em> 0.0072) and in NO kidney (ISO- 192.2000 nmol/g tissue, ISO + Arjun 2.5%- 98.3667 nmol/g tissue, <em>P =</em> 0.0070). MPO plasma (ISO- 32.793 U/min/mL, ISO + Arjun 2.5%- 23.586 U/min/mL, <em>P =</em> 0.0041) and in MPO kidney (ISO- 121.950 U/min/mg protein, ISO + Arjun 2.5%- 79.492 U/min/mg protein, <em>P =</em> 0.0100). Catalase plasma (ISO- 15.90 U/min, ISO + Arjun 2.5%- 19.75 U/min, <em>P =</em> 0.0070) and in catalase kidney (ISO- 381.6 U/min/g protein, ISO + Arjun 2.5%- 581.9 U/min/g protein, <em>P =</em> 0.0082). SOD plasma (ISO- 22.667 U/min, ISO + Arjun 2.5%- 26.8000 U/min, <em>P =</em> 0.0080) and in SOD kidney (ISO- 60.9667 U/min/g protein, ISO + Arjun 2.5%- 91.1333 U/min/g protein, <em>P =</em> 0.0033). Ultimately, a histopathological examination was conducted on the kidney specimens, which were subjected to Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Administration of isoproterenol led to cell infiltration in the kidney, while therapy with Arjun resulted in improved renal imaging. To summarize, it may be inferred that the antioxidant properties of Arjun mitigated the oxidative stress induced by isoproterenol in the kidney.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 66-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superior liver protection in mice fed total parenteral nutrition containing the novel lipid emulsion Vegaven as compared to a mixed-oil lipid emulsion containing fish oil","authors":"Eliana Lucchinetti ,&nbsp;Phing-How Lou ,&nbsp;Alessandro Quaranta ,&nbsp;Craig E. Wheelock ,&nbsp;Akash Chakravarty ,&nbsp;Martin Hersberger ,&nbsp;Stefanie D. Krämer ,&nbsp;Michael Zaugg","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mixed-oil lipid emulsion with plant-based 18-carbon <em>n-3</em> fatty acids (Vegaven) elicits superior liver protection in total parenteral nutrition (TPN) compared with soybean oil-based or fish oil-based lipid emulsions.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>However, it is not known whether Vegaven is also superior to mixed-oil lipid emulsions containing longer-chain 20/22-carbon <em>n-3</em> fatty acids derived from fish oil (SMOFlipid).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Instrumented male C57BL/6NCrl mice (N=5) were subjected to a 7-day TPN with Vegaven (VEGA) or SMOFlipid (SMOF). Mice infused with 0.9% saline and free access to water and rodent diet served as controls. Tissue concentration of cytokines, indices of whole-body and hepatic glucose metabolism, markers of liver injury, and hepatic lipid mediators were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Whole-body insulin resistance as measured by HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) values was lower in VEGA compared with SMOF and accompanied by higher glucagon and lower insulin plasma levels. The abundances of hepatic insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) as well as the tyrosine phosphorylated IRS2 were higher in VEGA when compared with SMOF, fostering higher hepatic glycogen content. Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 (IL6) tissue concentrations were increased in livers of mice in the SMOF group and interleukin-6 (IL6) to interleukin-10 (IL10) ratios were lower in livers and epididymal white adipose tissue of mice in the VEGA group. Direct bilirubin plasma levels were elevated in SMOF, while ALT plasma levels were similar in all groups. Profiling of hepatic lipid mediators revealed the presence of α-linolenic acid-derived hydroxy-octadecatrienoic acid species exclusively in VEGA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>TPN with Vegaven provides superior liver protection and whole-body blood glucose control than TPN with mixed-oil lipid emulsion containing fish oil in mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 22-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of obesity in altering the effects of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) on metabolic hormone regulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Andi Faradilah ,&nbsp;Agussalim Bukhari ,&nbsp;Aminuddin Aminuddin ,&nbsp;Andi Yasmin Syauki","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Current studies suggest that supplementing SCFA producers may have beneficial effects in preventing and treating obesity. Plasma SCFAs play a significant role in modulating metabolic hormones, thereby positively influencing metabolism. This review explores the connection between plasma SCFAs and metabolic hormones associated with obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collected data from PubMed, EBSCO, and EMBASE using MESH keywords [(short-chain fatty acids) AND (overweight OR obesity OR obese) AND (GLP-1) OR (glucagon-like peptide 1) OR (insulin) OR (ghrelin) OR (leptin) OR (PYY)]. Studies published between 2012 and 2024 were included, involving both genders, filtered for human studies, and published in English. Studies without full-text access were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROB-2 tool for clinical trials and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools for cohort and cross-sectional studies. This study was registered in PROSPERO with the number CRD42021284687.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 52 studies, comprising a total of 3,552 overweight or obese individuals, including adults (aged 18–78 years) and adolescents (aged 11–12 years), that met the inclusion criteria. These studies reported on circulating SCFAs, GLP-1, PYY, insulin, leptin, and ghrelin. We found no significant differences in acetate (-2.05 [-37.54, 33.44]), propionate (-0.17 [-3.28, 2.93]), butyrate (-0.23 [1.46, 1.00]), GLP-1 (-0.36 [-1.36, 0.64]), or insulin (1.71 [-9.65, 13.06]) between the placebo and intervention groups in the clinical trials. However, PYY levels showed a significant difference (-0.91 [-1.64, -0.71]) in the placebo compared to the intervention group. Methodological variations prevented us from assessing leptin and ghrelin levels, as well as analyzing observational studies related to SCFAs and metabolic hormones. The impact of dietary fiber, SCFA infusion, prebiotic supplementation, and dietary modifications varied concerning GLP-1, PYY, and insulin. We hypothesize that the characteristics of the intervention and participant variability regarding obesity and its comorbidities influenced the study outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The dietary intervention had no effect on plasma SCFAs and metabolic hormones, considering obesity-related conditions. We recommend that future research investigate mediating variables when exploring the association between plasma SCFAs and metabolic hormones in obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 181-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of nutritional status on centenarians’ physical, mental, and functional health","authors":"Ivan David Lozada-Martinez ,&nbsp;Laura Vindas-Meza ,&nbsp;Sandra Castelblanco-Toro ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Salazar-Uribe ,&nbsp;Juan-Manuel Anaya","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>Nutrition has been described as a lifestyle factor strongly associated with health phenotypes in extreme longevity. However, little is known about its relationship with health-related outcomes in centenarians.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted from the COOLCEN cohort. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) were used to determine nutritional status, which were correlated with clinical, health status, and biochemical variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sample included 139 centenarians, 74% (n=103) were female. Centenarians at risk of malnutrition (47%; n=66) and those with an absolute PNI value &lt; 38.8 (54%) represented the most significant proportion. MNA was positively correlated with functional independence (r² = 0.734, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), cognitive assessment (r² = 0.650, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and functional performance (r² = 0.619, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Inadequate physical performance, frailty, sarcopenia, severe dementia, some degree of dependency, low PNI, and avoiding the use of dental prosthesis were significantly associated with nutritional vulnerability (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identified that nutritional status in centenarians is associated with functional and cognitive status, physical performance, use of dental prostheses, and specific biochemical and anthropometric variables. These findings are relevant for decision-making in general and specialized healthcare and for public health policymakers to build evidence-based strategies to promote healthy aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 10-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimated inpatient malnutrition prevalence, screening tool utilization, and dietitian referral rates across hospitals during extension of phase 2 of More-2-Eat","authors":"Yingying Xu ,&nbsp;Rachel A. Warren ,&nbsp;Shirley M. Peters ,&nbsp;Sonya Boudreau ,&nbsp;Tina N. Strickland ,&nbsp;Mari Somerville ,&nbsp;Brenda L. MacDonald ,&nbsp;Heather Keller ,&nbsp;Leah E. Cahill","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>Malnutrition is associated with increased hospital length of stay, disease burden, and healthcare costs. The Integrated Nutrition Pathway for Acute Care (INPAC) is a validated multi-step algorithm that includes screening using the Canadian Nutrition Screening Tool (CNST) and diagnosis using Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). This study aims to understand <strong>(</strong>1) the prevalence of inpatient nutrition screening completion, (2) the proportion of at-risk inpatients referred to dietitians, and (3) the malnutrition prevalence among a sample of hospital inpatients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In 2021, INPAC was implemented in five hospital wards across Nova Scotia (NS) as an extension of More-2-Eat NS Study. As part of the implementation, hospital chart audits (n=672) were completed from 2021-2022 to gather data on malnutrition screening, dietitian referral, and nutrition assessment. Statistical analysis involved chi-square, Kruskal Wallis, and t-tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nutrition screening at admission occurred for 54.9% of audited patients, with variation among sites (p&lt;0.001). 34.5% of these screened patients were at nutritional risk, of whom 79.8% were referred to a dietitian. 14.4% of all charts audited had a malnutrition diagnosis as per SGA, as did 28.5% of patients screened by the CNST. 94.2% of patients who underwent SGA were diagnosed with malnutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Inpatient malnutrition is prevalent in NS hospitals but under-diagnosed due to gaps in screening. INPAC implementation increased dietitian referrals, SGA, and malnutrition diagnosis. Investigation is needed to assess and overcome barriers to screening, consequences to clinician workload, and the burden of malnutrition on prognosis and hospital stay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 38-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143331118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipids in parenteral nutrition – expert consensus statements: Translating guidelines into clinical practice","authors":"Robert G. Martindale ,&nbsp;Philip C. Calder ,&nbsp;Sarah V. Cogle ,&nbsp;David C. Evans ,&nbsp;Leah Gramlich ,&nbsp;Stephen A. McClave ,&nbsp;Manpreet S. Mundi ,&nbsp;Maurizio Muscaritoli ,&nbsp;Reid Nishikawa ,&nbsp;Jayshil Patel ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Pradelli ,&nbsp;Martin Rosenthal ,&nbsp;Christian Stoppe ,&nbsp;Kelly A. Tappenden ,&nbsp;Malissa Warren ,&nbsp;Dan Waitzberg ,&nbsp;Paul E. Wischmeyer ,&nbsp;Stanislaw Klek","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lipids are integral to parenteral nutrition (PN) in all settings where PN is required, serving as a source of energy and essential fatty acids. In addition, lipids modulate a variety of biological functions, including inflammatory and immune responses. Moreover, fish oil (FO), which contains omega-3 fatty acids, has become an important component of modern lipid emulsions. The Lipids in PN Summit involved a panel of international experts with extensive clinical experience in PN use. They assessed the current state of knowledge and developed expert consensus statements regarding the use of lipid emulsions in patients requiring PN. This summit built upon outcomes from an earlier summit, and focused on adult patients in three distinct clinical settings: intensive care units, hospital wards, and the home environment/long-term PN. The summit workflow included identification and appraisal of scientific and clinical literature, the exchange of practical clinical experience, and the formulation of consensus statements. The latter aim to assist healthcare professionals in their decision-making processes in daily practice by providing practical guidance related to providing lipid emulsions as part of PN. This article briefly summarizes the biological effects of lipids used in PN, and then focuses on the rationale for their use in three distinct adult PN settings. Expert consensus statements are also provided, helping to bridge gaps between evidence and clinical practice, and thus complementing formal PN guideline recommendations. There is accumulating evidence suggesting that PN including FO confers clinically meaningful advantages compared with PN without FO, and has a favorable risk–benefit ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 50-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of nutrient stress and lipid dynamics in colorectal cancer cells","authors":"Sumaira Kousar ,&nbsp;Sidra Gull ,&nbsp;Muslim Bin Aqeel ,&nbsp;Fatima Iftikhar Shah ,&nbsp;Ishrat Mahjabeen ,&nbsp;Adeel Shahid ,&nbsp;Naila Shoaib ,&nbsp;Zaman Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>A crosstalk between tumor cells and the microenvironment affects the cellular lipid metabolism. Metabolic stress in cancer cells alters the equilibrium between endogenous synthesis and external intake of fatty acids. We aimed to examine the perturbations in intracellular lipids under nutrients stress conditions and to correlate it with the proliferation rates of colorectal cancer cells.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>HCT-116 cells were cultured under low-serum conditions (1%, 2%, and 5% serum) compared to control conditions (10% serum) to induce metabolic stress. MTT assay was employed to assess the impact of nutrient deprivation on cell proliferation by measuring absorbance at 540 nm. Lipid accumulation was estimated spectrophotometrically at 510 nm using Oil red O staining method. All the experiments were performed in triplicates and showed consistent reproducibility. Unpaired t-test was applied to compare two groups while multiple groups' comparison was done by ANOVA considering p-value ≤0.05 statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that at low serum conditions the cancer cells showed distorted morphology and lower proliferation rates (p = &lt;0.001). Moreover, Lipid accumulation was found to be very minute in low serum conditions and was directly proportional to proliferation rates (r² = 0.978).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Lipid metabolism varies across different types of cancer. Some cells mainly depend upon the uptake of lipids while others can synthesize their lipids. Therefore, targeting different cancers in the same way is not the solution. Specially, when targeting lipid metabolism to cure cancer we need to study in detail the lipid source of cancer cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}