Clinical Nutrition Open Science最新文献

{"title":"“What women want”: Focus group discussions to inform the design of nutrition resources for women impacted by menopause following cancer treatment","authors":"Samantha J. Cushen ,&nbsp;Micheala Murphy ,&nbsp;Katie E. Johnston","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Menopause, as a direct result of cancer treatment, is a significant issue facing many female survivors. Uncertainty related to dietary choices to manage menopausal symptoms can be distressing for female cancer survivors, potentially increasing the risk of developing comorbid conditions and reducing quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the burden of menopausal symptoms, explore the nutritional information needs of cancer survivors and their preferences for the mode of delivery to inform future interventions on nutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative study using focus groups (n=3) was conducted with female cancer survivors (aged ≥18 years). Cancer survivors were defined as women diagnosed with cancer at any stage, including those undergoing active treatment or with a past cancer history, who were experiencing menopausal symptoms as a result of their cancer treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants (n=16) were survivors of breast (n=14), ovarian (n=1) and endometrial (n=1) cancer. Mean age was 50.4 years (SD= 6.4). Four major themes emerged: (i) desire for control (ii) menopausal symptom management (iii) participants feeling lost during survivorship and (iv) the need for accessible, and tailored nutrition resources.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Managing menopausal symptoms post-treatment can be difficult and burdensome for cancer survivors, affecting their quality of life. These women report feeling lost with significant needs for information on nutrition and supplementation related to recovery and symptom management. These women desire a menopause specific nutrition resource that is evidence-based and tailored to the needs of cancer survivors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 189-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence, tolerance, and patterns of use of an oral adapted texture nutritional formula in malnourished patients with dysphagia","authors":"José Manuel García-Almeida ,&nbsp;Raquel Cutillas Ruiz ,&nbsp;Isabel María Vegas Aguilar ,&nbsp;Isabel María Cornejo Pareja ,&nbsp;Pilar Lucía López Alarcón","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Adherence to nutritional medical treatments is essential for attaining clinical benefits. Yet, the evidence regarding the impact of various factors on adherence to these treatments is limited, highlighting the need for strategies that facilitate early identification of prognostic adherence factors.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to identify factors that may influence adherence to nutritional medical treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted using a validated 25-item questionnaire targeted at specialists in Endocrinology, Nutrition, Rehabilitation, and Dysphagia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 296 health professionals participated, providing pertinent data for 614 patients with dysphagia and malnutrition during routine clinical practice in public hospitals. Several factors potentially impairing adherence were identified, such as a patient's lack of appetite, satiety, disinterest and fatigue. Texture was recognized as a facilitating factor in 96% of cases. A statistically significant correlation was found between the value patients place on the intake of oral nutrition supplements in their recovery process and their compliance with the prescribed doses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results emphasize the importance of communicating with patients and caregivers about the necessity of complying with the prescribed nutritional regimen and its potential benefits. The analysis of habits also underlined the need to offer flexible, patient-tailored nutritional solutions to enhance treatment adherence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and its variation with different gestational age systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Samuel Sahile Kebede ,&nbsp;Daniel Asmelash ,&nbsp;Tadesse Duguma ,&nbsp;Desalewu Wudineh ,&nbsp;Ermiyas Alemayehu ,&nbsp;Alemu Gedefie ,&nbsp;Getachew Mesfin","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of microcytic hypochromic anemia, which predominantly affects pregnant women globally. Even though it is a public health problem, there is limited information on the pooled burden.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the global prevalence of iron deficiency among pregnant women and its variation with different gestational ages.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To conduct this study, we followed the criteria on guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-analysis. We registered the study protocol on PROSPERO with the reference number CRD42024499368 and Relevant information was found by searching scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Web of Science, Wiley online library, Google Scholar, scientific information database, biomedical journal database, and the global medical article library. All population-based studies and national surveys with data on the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women globally that were published up to June 28, 2023, were included in the study. The inclusion criteria were applied to all relevant articles. STATA software (Ver. 11.1) was used to analyze the data using a random effect model. I² test statistics were employed to ascertain the degree of heterogeneity. The Egger-weighted regression test and funnel plot analysis were employed to identify publication bias.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The thirty-nine articles with a sample size of 33869 were included in this study. The pooled prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women was 18.98% (CI: 95%; 18.15–19.81%) with highest magnitude in North Africa region (36.68% (95% CI 35.76, 37.60). The burden was highest during the second trimester (27.8%) followed by the third (5.44%) and the first trimesters (2.34%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and recommendation</h3><div>Iron deficiency anemia is a public health problem among pregnant women especially North African region, even though its magnitude is decreased years after 2015. As a result, every stakeholder should implement preventative measures, and intervention strategies like iron supplementation and nutritional support, particularly during the second trimester.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 68-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of relative energy deficiency in sport and malnutrition prevalence in female endurance runners by energy availability questionnaire, bioelectrical impedance analysis and relationship with ovulation status","authors":"Samantha Sharp ,&nbsp;Roni Mashiach-Fransis ,&nbsp;Nicola Keay,&nbsp;Adrian Slee","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background and Aims&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Low energy availability (LEA) underpins Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) - a multisystemic syndrome impacting athletic performance and overall health. Despite its prevalence, research examining clinical REDs indicators in female runners is limited. This study investigated the relationship between REDs screening, BIA assessment of malnutrition and ovulatory status in female endurance runners using an Energy Availability Questionnaire, Bioelectrical Impedance Assessment (BIA) and female reproductive sex hormone levels.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;70 female runners from London, UK running clubs participated in this study. The median age of the participants was 32 years old (range 18–55 years old), with mean ± SD BMI 21.2±2.4 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. Participants ≥35 years were classified as master's athletes (MA), and those &lt;35 years were classified as younger athletes (YA). All participants answered the Energy Availability Questionnaire, and a scoring system was used to assess REDs risk. 56 from this group underwent anthropometric measurements using multifrequency BIA, and 20 subsequently underwent finger prick capillary blood test to evaluate oestrogen, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, and testosterone levels 7 days before their predicted period. Two-way t-test compared REDs-RS of different fat-free mass index (FFMI) percentiles. Linear regression examined associations between BIA anthropometric measurements, hormones, and REDs scores. One-tailed and two-tailed t-tests compared REDs scores and BIA metrics between ovulatory vs. anovulatory participants, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;64% of YA and 29% of MA were identified as being at significant risk of REDs (REDs-RS ≤ 0). BIA measurements indicated that 19% of YA and 50% of MA had FFMI below the ESPEN clinical malnutrition cut-off point of 15 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; with a mean FFMI of 15.5± 1.38 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; for YA and MA. Overall, 82% of the participants had FFMI below the suggested 20&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; percentile for female athletes in weight-sensitive sports. In YA, REDs risk was significantly increased in FFMI ≤5th percentile and associated with lower fat mass index (5.16±1.57 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;). BIA phase angle (PA) was not significantly different between YA (6.4±0.6°) and MA (6.3±0.6°). Examination of ovulation status revealed that REDs-RS values were significantly greater, thus implicating lower REDs risk, in ovulatory (3.5 ± 3.9) vs anovulatory (-0.7 ± 5.1) participants.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;REDs is prevalent in female runners, regardless of age. BIA indicators of malnutrition, including FFMI, FMI, PA, may function as useful and novel clinical indicators of REDs in female runners. Low FFMI was highly prevalent in MA runners. REDs risk in female runners is closely related to ovulation status and may be quantified using the Dancers Energy Availability Questionnaire (DEAQ) fra","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 171-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging culinary nutrition interventions and contextual factors to combat child growth failure in mining communities for maximum impact","authors":"Herbert Tato Nyirenda,&nbsp;David Mulenga,&nbsp;Hilda Nyambe-Silavwe","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>A growing body of evidence supports the effectiveness of culinary nutrition interventions; however, there is limited research on the analytical techniques, components, and the combined impact of these interventions alongside contextual factors in addressing child growth failure. This paper examines the combined effect of culinary nutrition interventions and contextual factors in reducing child growth failure within mining communities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and materials</h3><div>This study employed a cross-sectional design, targeting children under the age of five and their caregivers. A total of 706 participants were included, selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, direct child measurements, and structured interviews. Anthropometric data were analysed using the WHO growth standards. Statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics and logistic regression, with an emphasis on examining interaction effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results revealed that 34.7% of the children experienced growth failure while 55% of the caregivers participated in culinary nutrition programs. Children whose caregivers participated in culinary programs had significantly lower odds of experiencing growth failure (OR = 0.69∗∗, <em>P</em> = 0.019, 95% CI). Factorial analysis demonstrated that the impact of culinary interventions on reducing child growth failure was more pronounced in households with adequate food (OR = 0.46∗, <em>P</em> = 0.085, 90% CI), households with vegetable gardens (OR = 0.50∗∗, <em>P</em> = 0.005, 95% CI), children with a good appetite (OR = 0.44∗∗, <em>P</em> = 0.032, 95% CI), households practicing food preservation (OR = 0.52∗, <em>P</em> = 0.054, 90% CI), and those producing their own food (OR = 0.46∗∗, <em>P</em> = 0.016, 95% CI).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings highlight the synergistic impact of culinary nutrition interventions alongside key factors in addressing child growth failure, particularly in mining communities. It emphasizes the importance of integrating both nutritional programs and the social environment to effectively combat child malnutrition and stunting in these vulnerable populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 87-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of acute malnutrition among 6 to 59-months children in public health facilities","authors":"Abdilahi Ibrahim Muse,&nbsp;Mohamed Omar Osman,&nbsp;Ahmed Mohammed Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Acute malnutrition is a nutritional insufficiency resulting from either inadequate energy or protein intake. It is categorized into severe acute malnutrition and moderate acute malnutrition. Globally, acute malnutrition is still a prevalent public health issue.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify determinants of acute malnutrition among 6 to 59-month-old children in public health facilities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and materials</h3><div>A hospital-based, unmatched case-control study was conducted from 1^st March to 30^th April 2023. Three hundred ninety (130 cases and 260 controls) participants were included in the study. Data was collected using pretested, semi-structured questionnaires by using Kobo Collect. The analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Both bi-variable and multivariable logistic regressions were done. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed to determine levels of significance. All variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were declared as determinants of acute malnutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this study, estimated average family income, 1001–5000 Ethiopian birr (AOR=3.32, 95%CI=1.27, 8.72), 5001–10000 Ethiopian birr (AOR=3.82, 95%CI=1.56, 9.36), family size ≥5 (AOR=2.33, 95%CI=1.33, 4.084), private employee (AOR=4.62, 95%CI=2.18, 9.76), government employee (AOR=3.77, 95%CI=1.69, 8.42), non-governmental organization employee (AOR= 17.14, 95%CI=2.53, 16.27), food insecurity (AOR=1.46, 95%CI=1.08,1.97), bottle-feeding (AOR=2.64, 95%CI=1.22,5.68), and lack of latrines (AOR=3.30, 95%CI=1.04, 10.49) were identified as determinants of acute malnutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Estimated average family income, family size, lack of latrine, maternal or caregiver occupation, food security status, and bottle feeding were all predictors of acute malnutrition in this study. Promoting exclusive breastfeeding, raising awareness about the health issues of bottle-feeding and open defecation, improving access to clean water and sanitation, strengthening healthcare systems, and encouraging collaboration among agencies can effectively address acute malnutrition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 56-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors of postoperative infections in patients with iatrogenic gallbladder perforation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy","authors":"Shinya Urakawa ,&nbsp;Toshiya Michiura ,&nbsp;Shinji Tokuyama ,&nbsp;Yasunari Fukuda ,&nbsp;Yasuaki Miyazaki ,&nbsp;Nobuyasu Hayashi ,&nbsp;Kazuo Yamabe","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>Iatrogenic gallbladder perforation (IGP) frequently occurs during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The study aimed to investigate the risk factors including postoperative treatments (i.e., antibiotics and drainage) of postoperative infections in patients with IGP during LC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Of 539 patients underwent LC, 121 consecutive patients with IGP were enrolled retrospectively. Infectious complications were classified into surgical site infections, distant infections, and infections with unknown origin. The association between postoperative infections and clinical factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 121 patients, 20 patients (16.5%) had infectious complications. The infection-positive group of patients with IGP had a higher frequency of diabetes mellitus (positive vs. negative group = 50% (10/20) vs. 17.7% (18/101), <em>P</em> = 0.0018) and lower preoperative albumin (3.8 vs. 4.1 g/dL, <em>P =</em> 0.0081) than the infection-negative group. However, there were no associations between the presence of infectious complications and postoperative management for IGP such as antibiotics (positive vs. negative group = 35% (7/20) vs. 40.6% (41/101), <em>P</em> =0.64), drainage (45% (9/20) vs. 29.7% (30/101), <em>P</em> =0.12), and no treatment (20% (4/20) vs. 29.7% (30/101), <em>P</em> =0.38). Multivariate analysis showed that lower preoperative albumin (OR 4.90, 95% CI 1.20–20.0, <em>P =</em> 0.027) and the presence of diabetes mellitus (OR 5.49, 95% CI 1.62–18.6, <em>P =</em> 0.0063) were independent factors of infectious complications.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Diabetes mellitus and preoperative malnutrition were associated with postoperative infections in patients with IGP during LC. On the other hand, postoperative management for IGP had no significant impact on the presence of infectious complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A six-month randomized controlled pilot study evaluating the effects of an oral nutrition supplement on children's growth patterns","authors":"Robert Frument ,&nbsp;Ceci Mao ,&nbsp;Becca Li ,&nbsp;Clara Chan ,&nbsp;Diana Pozo ,&nbsp;John Ademola ,&nbsp;Michael Milobsky","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Pilot study to evaluate the effect of oral nutrition supplementation (ONS) among children and adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective, randomized trial of nutritional supplementation was conducted among 32 children and adolescents 4–17 years of age. Change in height and weight standard deviation score (SDS) as well as measures of body composition were measured 3 times over a six month study period. Participants in the treatment arm were given ONS to take once a day, 5 days a week; the controls continued their usual diet. Three study visits were conducted to collect measurements for all subjects: baseline, 3 months and 6 months. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to estimate the effect of the powder supplement on height velocity as measured by standard deviation score (SDS) as well as static body composition measurements (lean body mass, fat-free mass, body mass index (BMI)) and collagen X concentration in the urine.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean change in height SDS increased in both the treatment and control groups, but only the treatment group achieved statistical significance (SDS 0.09, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.04, 0.15, p=0.0028). The mean increase in height in the treatment group was 2.94 cm (95% CI 2.22, 3.66) compared to 2.23 cm (95% CI 1.34, 3.12) in the control group. Changes in the secondary outcome measures (BMI, fat mass, lean mass and collagen X) did not reach statistical significance. The most parsimonious linear regression model (p&lt;0.0001, Adj R-squared 0.6950) suggests that the ONS afforded a 0.281 cm growth advantage when controlling for baseline age, sex, height, and collagen X.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The change in height SDS was statistically significant only in the treatment group (p=0.0028). While both groups grew, as expected, the multivariate model suggests an advantage for the treatment group when controlling for baseline characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registry number</h3><div><span><span>https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06329388</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 17-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of vitamin D and vitamin A supplementation on T cell levels of patients with pneumosepsis: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial","authors":"Abolfazl Jokar ,&nbsp;Alireza Sistani ,&nbsp;Ghasem Mosayebi ,&nbsp;Atefeh Poyandeh","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Pneumosepsis is a global healthcare challenge associated with substantial morbidity and mortality rates. Its pathogenesis involves intricate interactions among host factors, pathogens, and immune dysregulation. Vitamins A and D are crucial for immune function, acting as regulators and cofactors in immune cell development and function. Given these roles, this study aimed to assess the impact of combined vitamin D and A supplementation on T cell levels in pneumosepsis patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This double-blind clinical trial enrolled 84 pneumosepsis patients who were randomly assigned to four groups after demographic data collection. Intervention: Group 1 received standard treatment plus 300,000 IU of vitamin D and 50,000 IU of vitamin A. Group 2 received standard treatment plus 300,000 IU of vitamin D. Group 3 received standard treatment plus 50,000 IU of vitamin A. Group 4 received only standard treatment. Main outcome measures: Vital signs were monitored every 6 hours, and T-cell count, ESR, CRP, creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels were assessed at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Initially and one day post-intervention, vital signs and blood factors showed no significant differences among the groups. However, on days two and three post-intervention, the combined vitamin D and A group exhibited significantly lower levels compared to other groups. Lymphocytes expressing CD3+, CD4+, CD25+, CD3,4+, and CD3,4,25+ markers significantly differed in the combined vitamin A + D group versus the control. No significant differences were noted in lymphocyte percentages between the combined vitamin A + D group and those receiving only vitamin D or A.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study underscores the potential benefits of concurrent vitamin D and A supplementation in reducing symptoms among pneumosepsis patients, particularly in modulating key physiological parameters and immune responses.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>This study is registered on Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) under identifieron IRCT20130424013110N10. (The registration date: Jul 6, 2020).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 122-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence and human microbiome: A brief narrative review","authors":"Danielle Cristina Fonseca ,&nbsp;Gabriel da Rocha Fernandes ,&nbsp;Dan Linetzky Waitzberg","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human microbiome is a complex ecosystem that influences various functions within the human body. With technological advancements, microbiome studies have expanded, bringing forth the challenge of interpreting large volumes of data, which require robust tools based on artificial intelligence (AI). Subfields of AI, including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), have been applied to analyze complex and large-scale datasets, such as microbiome data, with particular utility in identifying and predicting microorganisms in different health conditions.</div><div>In the era of Big Data, integrating AI with sequencing techniques allows for a more detailed analysis of microbial data, enabling the detection of complex patterns and prediction of health states. However, AI use in this field still faces challenges, such as data heterogeneity (e.g., different sequencing platforms produce data with varying quality and resolution) and the need for data collection and analysis standardization processes (e.g., lack of standardized protocols for sample collection and data analysis).</div><div>Despite these challenges, AI has significant potential to revolutionize microbiome research. It can assist in identifying biomarkers for diagnostics and treatments, advancing personalized nutrition and precision medicine. The future of this field will depend on the continued development of technologies and collaboration among multidisciplinary teams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 134-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}