IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation最新文献_第4页

Ultraminiature RFID Chipless Tag Detection Through Magnetic Near-Field 通过近磁场的超小型RFID无芯片标签检测

IF 3.6

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3625418

Adrián Fernández Carnicero;Florian Fernand Hartmann;Germán A. Ramírez;Luis Guillermo Villanueva;Anja K. Skrivervik

{"title":"Ultraminiature RFID Chipless Tag Detection Through Magnetic Near-Field","authors":"Adrián Fernández Carnicero;Florian Fernand Hartmann;Germán A. Ramírez;Luis Guillermo Villanueva;Anja K. Skrivervik","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3625418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3625418","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the design, fabrication, and experimental validation of a complete near-field magnetic RFID system tailored for the detection of ultraminiature RFID chipless tags operating in the UHF range. The proposed system comprises four subwavelength-sized chipless RFID tags, a RFID reader and a backend detection system. The chipless tags are implemented as LC resonators consisting of an octagonal loop antenna and a floating capacitor that have areas of 17.89 mm2, 2.92 mm2, 1.65 mm2 and 0.75 mm2 and resonate at 1.21 GHz, 1.33 GHz, 1.29 GHz and 1.18 GHz, respectively. The RFID reader is a frequency-reconfigurable segmented loop antenna with an area of 122.54 mm2 that is controlled by voltage and operates between 1.14 GHz and 1.50 GHz. To evaluate the maximum detection distance at which each tag can be detected by the reader, a backend system based on the Frequency Sweep Envelope (FSE) method is applied to the phase derivative of both the reflection coefficient and the input impedance measured at the reader, in absence and presence of the different tags. The results demonstrate that combining the FSE method with the derivative of the input impedance phase provides higher sensitivity to the subtle perturbations introduced by the ultraminiature tags, enabling greater detection distances.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 3","pages":"1129-1142"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11217216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148214880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Instructions for authors 面向作者的IEEE天线和传播指南开放期刊

IF 3.6

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-11 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2026.3690274

引用次数: 0

High-Order Quad-Band Bandpass FSSs With Multiple TZs for EMI Protection in WPT Scenarios WPT场景中用于EMI保护的高阶四频带多TZs带通fss

IF 3.4

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3578397

Runze Li;Li Yang;Shiyan Wang;Roberto Gómez-García

{"title":"High-Order Quad-Band Bandpass FSSs With Multiple TZs for EMI Protection in WPT Scenarios","authors":"Runze Li;Li Yang;Shiyan Wang;Roberto Gómez-García","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3578397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3578397","url":null,"abstract":"A class of frequency-selective surfaces (FSSs) with high-order quad-band bandpass filtering response is reported. Its intended application is electromagnetic-interference (EMI) suppression in multiband/ multi-frequency wireless power transmission (WPT) systems. Its basic building FSS element is composed of three metal periodic arrays.These layers are separated by two thin dielectric substrates in a stacked multi-layer arrangement. The top and bottom metal arrays are made up of a gridded-convoluted four-loop structure that operates as a multi-resonant cell. The middle metal array, which behaves as a bandstop-type aperture layer, exploits as constituent cell a square-shaped microstrip ring with four quarter-wavelength stepped-impedance microstrip lines inside it. Two replicas of the basic FSS element are back-to-back connected for the realization of a higher-order FSS configuration. Thus, through its appropriate design, a sharp-rejection quadruple-band bandpass filtering functionality with out-of-band transmission zeros (TZs) at both sides of all passbands can be realized in the overall FSS structure. Firstly, lumped-element-based behavioral circuit models of the engineered quad-band bandpass FSS element and its two types of metallic layers are presented. Subsequently, the electromagnetic-(EM)-based design of the devised FSS structure through effective-coupling-coefficient extraction and parametric analysis is carried out. The performance robustness of the proposed quad-passband FSS principle depending on the number of elements with regard to the infinitely-periodic-extended ideal geometric formation is also evaluated. Finally, for experimental-demonstration purposes, proof-of-concept prototypes of the conceived high-order FSS and its basic FSS element with four passbands within the 5–20-GHz range are built and tested. Their measured results in terms of power transmission and reflection responses under normal and oblique incidences are also shown.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 3","pages":"780-793"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11029509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148515631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An RF-Switch-Enabled Low-Power Dual-Mode Reconfigurable Reflective Surface 使能rf开关的低功耗双模可重构反射面

IF 3.4

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2026.3664172

Hang Yu;Edward A. Ball;Rola Saad

{"title":"An RF-Switch-Enabled Low-Power Dual-Mode Reconfigurable Reflective Surface","authors":"Hang Yu;Edward A. Ball;Rola Saad","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2026.3664172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2026.3664172","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel reconfigurable reflective surface capable of selective magnitude control at sub-6 GHz frequencies. Each unit cell integrates a low-power single-pole double-throw (SPDT) RF switch beneath the ground plane, providing two distinct impedance states that govern the reflection coefficient of the unit cell. The proposed configuration enables dynamic switching between reflective and absorptive modes at 5.50 GHz. A full system prototype comprising an <inline-formula> <tex-math>$8times 8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> unit cells was fabricated and tested, the measured results exhibit good agreement with full-wave simulations, with the 1-bit (0°-180°) reflection phase control at 5.05 GHz and reflection magnitude switching between −2.4 dB and −26 dB at 5.50 GHz under TE-polarized excitation. In addition, various geometric coding patterns were explored and implemented to further assess the surface’s capability for a thinned reconfigurability and improved power efficiency. Three sets of ring-based surface configurations were investigated in detail, demonstrating that the surface is capable of selective magnitude control at both 5.05 GHz and 5.50 GHz under these pattern configurations. Specifically, these configurations enable quantized reflection magnitude control at 5.05 GHz, with an average step size of circa 5 dB. The results confirm the surface’s flexible reconfigurability and reveal that activating only 75% of the available switches achieves performance comparable to full-surface operation, effectively reducing control complexity and overall power consumption.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 3","pages":"823-837"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11395260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148517113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of Short-Range mmW In-Band Full-Duplex Channels With a Focus on Antenna Characteristics 基于天线特性的近距离毫米波带内全双工信道特性研究

IF 3.6

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3637086

Yagmur Ozturk;Niru K. Nahar;Kubilay Sertel

{"title":"Characterization of Short-Range mmW In-Band Full-Duplex Channels With a Focus on Antenna Characteristics","authors":"Yagmur Ozturk;Niru K. Nahar;Kubilay Sertel","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3637086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3637086","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate a systematic over-the-air (OTA) characterization approach for short-range, high-data rate mmW in-band full-duplex (IBFD) channels and investigate the impact of the radiation characteristics and relative positioning of the mmW antennas on the channel response. An automated setup is developed for the characterization of two representative short-range IBFD channels formed by two different types of antennas, namely the endfire mode Yagi-Uda and broadside mode Tightly Coupled Dipole Array (TCDA) antennas operating at 57-64 GHz band. An extensive set of channel data with various antenna configurations are measured and tabulated in form of heatmaps for visual presentation of channel strength. Measured port S-parameters of the Tx-Rx antenna pairs, transmission levels, RMS delay spread and self-interference levels of the short-range system are analyzed. We report the key characteristics of short-range channels formed by representative endfire and broadside antennas to demonstrate the antenna selection process for short-range communication channels with various physical requirements and configurations. Short-range mmW channels allow for high-data-rate communications without needing a physical connection, and therefore, they can possibly replace mechanical connections, such as USB ports. However, estimation of such channels can be challenging as strong interactions between the transmitting and receiving antennas can arise in short-range channels, distorting channel waveforms and increasing the bit error rates (BER).","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 3","pages":"1078-1090"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11269019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148214878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maximum Coupling Channels Between Multimodal Aperture Antennas With Simultaneous Hermitian Matching 同时厄米匹配的多模态孔径天线间最大耦合通道

IF 3.6

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3627890

Coady K. Lewis;Faris Alsolamy;Anthony Grbic

{"title":"Maximum Coupling Channels Between Multimodal Aperture Antennas With Simultaneous Hermitian Matching","authors":"Coady K. Lewis;Faris Alsolamy;Anthony Grbic","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3627890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3627890","url":null,"abstract":"Subwavelength control of field profiles with metasurfaces has redefined antenna design, making optimal apertures attainable. In this work, a design framework is outlined for achieving maximum coupling of power between two arbitrary aperture antennas, by means of multimodal network theory. First, the interaction of the apertures is characterized with a multimodal two-port impedance matrix. From here, the design procedure is a two-step process: multimodal impedance matching, followed by solving for optimal weights of the transmit aperture modes. Specifically, the concept of simultaneous conjugate matching is extended to multimodal systems. By applying the well-known fixed-point iteration algorithm, we find the termination impedance matrices that achieve a simultaneous Hermitian impedance match at both aperture ports. Subsequently, a coupling coefficient eigenproblem is solved to find optimal modal current excitation vectors on the transmit aperture. Each of these modal current vectors, when applied to the transmit aperture, excites an independent eigenchannel of the aperture pair. To demonstrate the proposed theory, simulations of multimodal aperture designs are reported, demonstrating maximum coupling with multiple eigenchannels. The theoretical aperture coupling approach presented in this work is immediately applicable to metasurface antenna design for radiative wireless power transfer systems. The approach also has broad applications in near-field communication and sensing, and the concept of multimodal impedance matching with fixed-point iteration is fundamentally general, applicable to any linear multimodal two-port device.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 3","pages":"1033-1049"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11223077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148214891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Densely Coupled, Super-Realized Gain Printed Dipole Array With Defected Ground Structures 具有缺陷接地结构的密集耦合、超实现增益印刷偶极子阵列

IF 3.4

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2026.3663868

Ihsan Kanbaz;Okan Yurduseven;Michail Matthaiou

{"title":"Densely Coupled, Super-Realized Gain Printed Dipole Array With Defected Ground Structures","authors":"Ihsan Kanbaz;Okan Yurduseven;Michail Matthaiou","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2026.3663868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2026.3663868","url":null,"abstract":"Super-directive antenna arrays (SDAAs), conventionally designed to achieve exceptional directivity through mutual coupling, face an inherent drawback regarding their high impedance mismatch. Despite their high directivity, the considerable decline in the mismatch efficiency, which is more pronounced for a higher number of elements, has historically undermined the practical applications of such arrays. To address this limitation, our study underscores the critical necessity of striking a delicate balance between directivity and impedance mismatch efficiency in SDAAs to maintain high realized gain achieved by multi-parameter optimization. In this context, a four-element thin-wire dipole array is initially optimized using a multi-parameter differential evolution (DE) algorithm. After successfully applying this optimization via full-wave electromagnetic analysis software, we design and analyze printed versions of the optimized array. After attaining the targeted realized gain, the antenna undergoes bandwidth and sensitivity analysis, leading to fabrication and experimental verification. Consequently, both simulation and experimental results are closely matched; thus, a compact wideband printed dipole antenna array with a realized gain value of 9.5 dBi, accompanied by an exceptionally high total efficiency as 85.3%, is introduced to the literature for dense array applications, such as massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), significantly enhancing the performance and feasibility of future wireless communication technologies.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 3","pages":"808-822"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11393544","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148513602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual Function Metasurface: mm-Wave Radiator and Gain Enhancement Surface for Antenna-on-Chip 双功能超表面：毫米波辐射器和片上天线增益增强表面

IF 3.4

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2026.3670685

Zere Iman;Yiyang Yu;Heng Wang;Muhammad Ikram;Atif Shamim

{"title":"Dual Function Metasurface: mm-Wave Radiator and Gain Enhancement Surface for Antenna-on-Chip","authors":"Zere Iman;Yiyang Yu;Heng Wang;Muhammad Ikram;Atif Shamim","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2026.3670685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2026.3670685","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of 6G, Antenna-on-Chip (AoC) is becoming more relevant than ever. However, due to the lossy nature of silicon (Si) in standard chip fabrication processes, these antennas suffer from poor gains and radiation efficiencies. An elegant solution is to incorporate an Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) structure beneath the AoC to isolate the Si substrate. This solution works well for mm-Wave frequencies, however, the AMC is typically a large structure, as compared to the AoC, and is limited to a single function of isolating the Si substrate. Enhancing the functionality of the AMC can optimize the performance of such compact designs, where efficient use of space as well as integration of multiple functionalities is of paramount importance. Therefore, this work explores the potential of employing the AMC as a metasurface (MTS) antenna within the framework of AoC systems. The key focus of this work is to design a dual-functional MTS, which works as an AMC to enhance the gain and radiation efficiency of an AoC at one frequency, and as an independent radiator at another frequency. As a proof of concept, we have shown that an on-chip monopole antenna’s gain and radiation efficiency is enhanced by 5.5 dBi and 20% respectively at 79 GHz through an integrated AMC structure. It is shown that this AMC can be optimized to radiate as an independent MTS antenna through Characteristic Mode Analysis (CMA) with a variety of radiation patterns for various modes. The fabricated prototype demonstrates one of these modes, where the MTS antenna shows a measured peak gain of 4.0 dBi at 94 GHz with a broad boresight radiation pattern.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 3","pages":"908-917"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11421344","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148514229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Cost-Effective Liquid-Reconfigurable Reflective Metasurface With an Extended Beam-Scanning Range and a Wide 3-dB Gain Bandwidth Across All Scan Angles 一种经济高效的液体可重构反射超表面，具有扩展波束扫描范围和宽3db增益带宽，可跨越所有扫描角度

IF 3.4

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-19 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2026.3666424

Liang-Yu Ou Yang;Siang-Cyun Liao

{"title":"A Cost-Effective Liquid-Reconfigurable Reflective Metasurface With an Extended Beam-Scanning Range and a Wide 3-dB Gain Bandwidth Across All Scan Angles","authors":"Liang-Yu Ou Yang;Siang-Cyun Liao","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2026.3666424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2026.3666424","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a cost-effective reconfigurable reflective metasurface composed of a saturated aqueous sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, enabling wide-angle beam scanning. The complex dielectric constant of the saturated NaCl solution was measured versus frequency, identifying the 0.4–1.6 GHz band over which the liquid can be approximated as a good conductor. Reflection-coefficient magnitude and phase were characterized versus liquid height. Two liquid heights, 5 mm and 82 mm, were selected as two element states with a 180° reflection-phase difference at 1 GHz and encoded as “0” and “1”, respectively, in a 1-bit scheme. The metasurface comprises a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$10times 10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> array of elements, and the resulting <inline-formula> <tex-math>$10times 10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> binary pattern formed by the 0/1 codes of all the elements is referred to as a configuration. Ten thousand configurations were generated and simulated under horn illumination to obtain far-field patterns, which were used to train a convolutional neural network (CNN) model developed in this work. The trained CNN was then used to synthesize target patterns. Simulated and measured patterns and directional gain bandwidths agree well, demonstrating a measured beam-scanning range up to ±75°. Across these scan angles, the measured main-beam gain variation remains below 2.7 dB, whereas the simulated variation remains below 2.4 dB, and the measured 3-dB gain bandwidth exceeds 20% for all scan angles. Mechanism analysis shows that a nearly omnidirectional element pattern and weak inter-element mutual coupling help maintain stable directional gain at large scan angles, indicating the proposed metasurface is promising for communication and radar applications.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 3","pages":"849-860"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11400672","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148515318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vertical Polarized Helicoid Array With Full Azimuth Beam-Scanning 具有全方位波束扫描的垂直极化螺旋面阵列

IF 3.4

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2026.3673043

Yat Hin Chan;Hossein Mardani;Neil Buchanan;Vincent Fusco

引用次数: 0