IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation最新文献_第5页

A Design of Orthomode Transducer Loaded With Polarization Grid 加载偏振栅的正交模换能器设计

IF 3.5

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3532855

Yuying Li;Zhaoran Chen;Kaiyan Huang;Xiayuan Yao

引用次数: 0

A Design Method to Increase the Bandwidth of Reflectarray Antennas 一种提高反射天线带宽的设计方法

IF 3.5

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3530251

Christos Exadaktylos;Anastasios G. Koutinos;Constantinos L. Zekios;Stavros V. Georgakopoulos

{"title":"A Design Method to Increase the Bandwidth of Reflectarray Antennas","authors":"Christos Exadaktylos;Anastasios G. Koutinos;Constantinos L. Zekios;Stavros V. Georgakopoulos","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3530251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3530251","url":null,"abstract":"This work introduces a novel design methodology to redesign traditional reflectarray antennas (RAs) with bandwidths in the order of 15% and double their bandwidth without increasing their design complexity. A wideband RA unit cell (UC) is designed utilizing multiple connection points between the radiating and phase shifting structure. Notably, to properly set the desired phase shift at each UC of the RA aperture across the entire frequency band, true-time-delay (TTD) lines are connected to each element. To validate the performance of our proposed approach a traditional microstrip patch-based RA is used as an example. By applying our proposed method to this RA, we develop a design that achieves a fractional 1.5 dB gain bandwidth of 31% (8.6 GHz to 11.8 GHz) in the X-band, which is more than two times larger than the 14% fractional bandwidth of the traditional RA design. Our RA is prototyped to validate its performance. The measurements show excellent agreement with simulations thereby validating our proposed methodology.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 2","pages":"497-512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10843377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

6G RIS in Indoor Environments: Assessment of Exposure Variability in Human Users and Non-Users 室内环境中的 6G RIS：评估人类使用者和非使用者的暴露变异性

IF 3.5

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3529980

Silvia Gallucci;Martina Benini;Serena Fiocchi;Gabriella Tognola;Marta Parazzini

{"title":"6G RIS in Indoor Environments: Assessment of Exposure Variability in Human Users and Non-Users","authors":"Silvia Gallucci;Martina Benini;Serena Fiocchi;Gabriella Tognola;Marta Parazzini","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3529980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3529980","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present work is to assess the exposure of human users and non-users in indoor scenarios due to novel technology that will be integrated in 6G network in order to overcome the obstacles in NLOS area: Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS), here tuned in FR1-band. The exposure assessment was conducted in two simplified indoor scenarios, single room and office, where the transmission angle of the RIS were varied mimicking the RIS following the user, and the Specific Absorption Rate (whole-body and brain SAR) were calculated. Five human models from Virtual Population (ViP) were considered differing between each other for anatomical characteristics. <inline-formula> <tex-math>${mathrm { SAR}}_{mathrm { wb}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math>${mathrm { SAR}}_{mathrm { brain}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> results, studied in terms of peak values, cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) and spatial maps, showed higher <inline-formula> <tex-math>${mathrm { SAR}}_{mathrm { wb}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> values in adults compared to children, while <inline-formula> <tex-math>${mathrm { SAR}}_{mathrm { brain}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> peaks were more pronounced in child models. The study also revealed that there are few cases in which the exposure of non-user could be higher than the user. Moreover, the CDFs demonstrated that, for all the considered models, the probability that very low <inline-formula> <tex-math>${mathrm { SAR}}_{mathrm { brain}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math>${mathrm { SAR}}_{mathrm { wb}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> levels occur is noticeably high. However, in general all the results are well below the ICNIRP Guidelines limits.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 2","pages":"487-496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10843402","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beam Shaping by Phase-Only Waveform Encoding for Transmitting Array Antennas in Radar Applications 雷达应用中发射阵列天线的纯相位波形编码波束整形

IF 3.5

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3529505

Lior Maman;Shlomo Zach;Amir Boag

{"title":"Beam Shaping by Phase-Only Waveform Encoding for Transmitting Array Antennas in Radar Applications","authors":"Lior Maman;Shlomo Zach;Amir Boag","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3529505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3529505","url":null,"abstract":"Two beam broadening methods for active electronically scanned array (AESA) antennas with uniform amplitude excitation are proposed and compared: phase tapering optimization (PTO) and a novel time-varying phase tapering (TPT). The PTO is a simple and efficient approach assuming continuous polynomial phase distribution and requiring optimization of only few parameters. The TPT is valid mainly for radar applications, taking advantage of the fact that radars typically transmit pulse trains for coherent integration. By incorporating waveform encoding and varying the array elements’ phases from pulse to pulse, the TPT achieves effective amplitude tapering, enabling precise beam shaping and the realization of any amplitude aperture illumination using phase-only control, thus providing a method of beam shaping, occasionally with a simple analytic form. The TPT also makes it possible to produce beam shaping with very low side lobe levels in comparison to the PTO. As a preliminary step, the dimensionality of the radiation pattern characterization for all scan directions is reduced from five to only two variables. This is crucial for efficient optimization of the radiation pattern which needs to be evaluated over a judiciously specified two-dimensional domain.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 2","pages":"478-486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10841413","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digitally Controlled Beam-Steerable Printed Dipole Antenna 数字控制波束导向印刷偶极子天线

IF 3.5

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3529019

Rajesh Shukla;Sandeep Kumar Yadav;Soumava Mukherjee

{"title":"Digitally Controlled Beam-Steerable Printed Dipole Antenna","authors":"Rajesh Shukla;Sandeep Kumar Yadav;Soumava Mukherjee","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3529019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3529019","url":null,"abstract":"A digitally controlled beam steerable printed dipole antenna operating in ISM band has been proposed using PIN diodes switching mechanism. The proposed antenna provides effective solution of beam steering by establishing adequate coverage in elevation plane using a single dipole element. The beam steering of antenna has been digitally controlled by varying the effective length of one dipole arm by switching the PIN diodes integrated on it. For effective digitally controlled beam steering, the DC biasing voltage applied for switching PIN diodes is regulated by Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal generated from STM32F407VG microcontroller through RC filter. Biasing elements for antenna is intentionally placed on back side of substrate through via to minimize the effect on radiation pattern. Peak gain of proposed antenna is measured as 4.57 dB with cross polarisation below −20 dB and scan loss less than 0.8 dB. The proposed antenna is capable of steering beam up to 45 degrees in elevation plane having 120 MHz operational bandwidth. In order to establish wide range of applications, proposed antenna is designed and tested for 2.45 GHz ISM band. The proposed antenna operates with minimal design complexity, high portability, reduced manufacturing cost, easily integrated architecture, lower parasitic losses and less space constraints due to single dipole structure with microcontroller switched PIN diodes integrated on antenna itself.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 2","pages":"460-467"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10839295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis of Wide-Angle Scanning Arrays Through Array Power Control 通过阵列功率控制合成广角扫描阵列

IF 3.5

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3528232

Pietro Rosatti;Giacomo Oliveri;Andrea Massa

引用次数: 0

Near-Ground Propagation Channel Modeling and Analysis in Underground Mining Environment at 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz 地下采矿环境中的近地传播信道建模与分析

IF 3.5

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3527334

Isam Eddine Lamri;Mourad Nedil;Mohamed Nasr Eddine Temmar;Nahi Kandil

{"title":"Near-Ground Propagation Channel Modeling and Analysis in Underground Mining Environment at 2.4 GHz","authors":"Isam Eddine Lamri;Mourad Nedil;Mohamed Nasr Eddine Temmar;Nahi Kandil","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3527334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3527334","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a detailed measurement and performance analysis of near-ground propagation channels in an underground mine for both Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) scenarios. The analysis is derived from channel measurements conducted at a frequency of 2.4 GHz with a bandwidth of 200 MHz, utilizing four different combinations of transmitter-receiver (Tx-Rx) antenna heights ranging from 10 cm to 120 cm. Key channel characteristics such as large-scale path loss, time dispersion, and coherence bandwidth are reported and evaluated. The study suggests that a multi-slope (four-slope) path loss model is more effective in predicting path loss across various propagation segments in the mining environment. The path loss coefficient (n) and shadowing variance <inline-formula> <tex-math>$(sigma)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> show significant sensitivity to both the Tx-Rx distance and the heights of the Tx-Rx antennas, while the root mean square delay spread <inline-formula> <tex-math>$(tau _{mathrm { rms}})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and coherence bandwidth (BC) are less affected by these variables. Moreover, distinct path loss patterns are observed for each combination of Tx-Rx antenna heights, resulting in varying signal attenuation levels. The identification of an optimal height for minimizing signal loss is thus required. These observations provide valuable and crucial insights into the near-ground propagation characteristics within the intricate and scattering-rich conditions of underground mines.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 2","pages":"445-459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10833690","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal Frequencies for Wireless Power Transfer Through Biological Tissues 生物组织无线电力传输的最佳频率

IF 3.5

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3526414

Nam Ha-Van;Sergei A. Tretyakov;Constantin R. Simovski

{"title":"Optimal Frequencies for Wireless Power Transfer Through Biological Tissues","authors":"Nam Ha-Van;Sergei A. Tretyakov;Constantin R. Simovski","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3526414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3526414","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless power transfer (WPT) encounters challenges when the receiver is located in biological tissues, which are lossy and dispersive. Recent studies have paid significant attention to the mechanism of WPT in unbounded lossy media and between multiple media, such as at air-biological tissue interfaces. We present a comparative theoretical study of a basic WPT system for two cases: when both transmitting and receiving loops are inside a biological tissue (human body) and when the transmitting loop is outside while the received loop is inside. The study aims to find and compare optimal frequency ranges of WPT, distinguishing the regimes of maximal efficiency and maximal transferred power for both of these cases. We have found that the impact of the interface results in a significant increase in the frequencies that are optimal for the maximum power transfer efficiency: from dozens of MHz for a WPT system entirely located in the medium to the GHz range for a WPT system with the transmitting antenna in free space. Though the bands of the maximal efficiency and maximal power transfer never coincide, they overlap if the transmitting loop is in the air.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 2","pages":"433-444"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10829641","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Compact Shared-Aperture Antenna With 2-Transmit and 2-Receive Highly-Isolated Ports for Full-Duplex MIMO Systems 为全双工多输入多输出系统设计的带有 2 个发射和 2 个接收高隔离端口的紧凑型共用孔径天线

IF 3.5

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3524601

Junhui Rao;Zhaoyang Ming;Jichen Zhang;Zan Li;Chi-Yuk Chiu;Ross Murch

{"title":"A Compact Shared-Aperture Antenna With 2-Transmit and 2-Receive Highly-Isolated Ports for Full-Duplex MIMO Systems","authors":"Junhui Rao;Zhaoyang Ming;Jichen Zhang;Zan Li;Chi-Yuk Chiu;Ross Murch","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3524601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2024.3524601","url":null,"abstract":"In-band full-duplex (IBFD) antennas have been proposed for next-generation wireless communication as they can increase system throughput by up to two times. In this work, a compact multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) IBFD antenna featuring two co-polarized transmit (Tx) ports and two co-polarized receive (Rx) ports is proposed that is suitable for use in mobile devices. The design is one of the first to include MIMO into IBFD antennas. The fabricated and measured proposed antenna exhibits over 32 dB self-interference (SI) isolation between Tx and Rx ports and less than −18.2 dB mutual-coupling (MC) within Tx and Rx pairs. All radiation patterns are in the broadside direction and it operates in the 2.5 GHz frequency band. A novel “inverted mushroom” (IMR) structure, composed of a metallic pillar fence connecting two layers of optimized metal tiles, is introduced at the antenna’s center to suppress the Tx ports MC and ensure effective radiation for Rx ports. Additionally, an analytical method is proposed to optimize the IMR for achieving the desired performance. To integrate all four ports within a single antenna aperture of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.38lambda times 0.38lambda times 0.11lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>, polarization-dependent “teeth-like” gaps are proposed to protect Tx ports from IMR influence while maintaining the normal operation of Rx ports. Moreover, differential feeding networks are designed to enhance the SI isolation between Tx and Rx ports.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 2","pages":"422-432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10819474","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

2024 Index IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Vol. 5 天线与传播学报，第5卷

IF 3.5

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3520678

引用次数: 0