IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113532

Farhan Lafta Rashid , Najah M.L. Al Maimuri , Karrar A. Hammoodi , Muhammad Asmail Eleiwi , Issa Omle , Abdullah Musaab Mousa Alsayyad , Saif Ali Kadhim , Ephraim Bonah Agyekum , Mohamed Bechir Ben Hamida

{"title":"Application of nanofluids for performance improvement of plate heat exchangers: A comprehensive review","authors":"Farhan Lafta Rashid , Najah M.L. Al Maimuri , Karrar A. Hammoodi , Muhammad Asmail Eleiwi , Issa Omle , Abdullah Musaab Mousa Alsayyad , Saif Ali Kadhim , Ephraim Bonah Agyekum , Mohamed Bechir Ben Hamida","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The demand for efficient thermal management in industries has driven research into nanofluids (NFs) as potential replacements for conventional heat transfer fluids (HTFs) in plate heat exchangers (PHEs). A key challenge is achieving higher heat transfer rates (HTRs) while minimizing pressure drop, which is crucial for improving energy efficiency in industrial processes. NFs are categorized into two types: simple (mono) NFs, such as single-walled (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) dispersed in base fluids, and hybrid NFs, which combine multiple nanoparticles to enhance performance. Studies show that mono NFs improve thermal conductivity, increasing heat transfer coefficients by 6.18%–16.79%. However, their high viscosity and pressure drop remain challenges. In contrast, hybrid NFs demonstrate superior thermal performance, with heat transfer coefficient improvements of up to 39.16% and only a slight increase in pumping power. This suggests they offer an optimal balance between heat transfer enhancement and operational cost efficiency. Critical factors influencing performance include operating parameters, particle concentration, inlet temperature, and flow rate. Future research should explore nanoparticle shape and size through experimental and numerical studies, along with long-term stability and cost-effectiveness in industrial applications. Addressing these areas could unlock NFs' potential to revolutionize heat exchanger technology, leading to more efficient and sustainable thermal systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 10","pages":"Article 113532"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145332946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mission SpaceX CRS-16 RRRM-1 space flight induced skin genomic plasticity via an epigenetic trigger 太空探索技术公司CRS-16 RRRM-1任务通过表观遗传触发诱导皮肤基因组可塑性

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112683

Kanhaiya Singh, Priyanka Verma, Rajneesh Srivastava, Yashika Rustagi, Manishekhar Kumar, Sumit S. Verma, Sujit Mohanty, Afshin Beheshti, Liz Warren, Chandan K. Sen

引用次数: 0

A tandem repeat atlas for the genome of inbred mouse strains: A genetic variation resource 近交系小鼠基因组串联重复序列图谱：一种遗传变异资源

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113703

Wenlong Ren , Weida Liu , Zhuoqing Fang , Egor Dolzhenko , Ben Weisburd , Zhuanfen Cheng , Gary Peltz

引用次数: 0

Unlocking private finance for nature: Addressing barriers and reframing risk-return dynamics 为自然释放私人融资：解决障碍并重新构建风险回报动态

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113669

Hassan Aftab Sheikh , Divya Narain , Clint Bartlett , Christophe Christiaen

{"title":"Unlocking private finance for nature: Addressing barriers and reframing risk-return dynamics","authors":"Hassan Aftab Sheikh , Divya Narain , Clint Bartlett , Christophe Christiaen","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Public finance alone is insufficient to meet the scale of investment required for nature protection, restoration, and sustainable management. Mobilizing private capital is therefore essential, yet most nature-related projects are perceived as unbankable. They sit at the frontier of bankability: nascent and unproven initiatives that lack historical track records, face high execution risks, and generate uncertain or delayed revenues. This misalignment is compounded by investor behavior, as most financiers demand commercial rates of return, standardized transactions, and short payback periods. Even though investors differ in their appetite for risk, nature projects rarely meet these thresholds. Through a systematic review of literature across five ecosystems and three intervention types, this review identifies persistent barriers: limited financial returns, high risk, high transaction costs, and undervaluation of nature. We note that enabling conditions such as blended finance, risk-sharing instruments, and supportive regulation exist; however, we argue that reframing risk-return dynamics is critical to unlock scalable private finance for nature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 11","pages":"Article 113669"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating reasoning large language models on rumor generation, detection, and debunking tasks 评估推理大型语言模型对谣言生成、检测和揭穿任务的影响

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113690

Yejinxuan Hu , Xianyun Tian

{"title":"Evaluating reasoning large language models on rumor generation, detection, and debunking tasks","authors":"Yejinxuan Hu , Xianyun Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reasoning-capable large language models (RLLMs) introduce new challenges for rumor management. While standard LLMs have been studied, the behaviors of RLLMs in rumor generation, detection, and debunking remain underexplored. This study evaluates four open-source RLLMs—DeepSeek-R1, Qwen3-235B-A22B, QwQ-32B, and GLM-Z1-Air—across these tasks under zero-shot, chain-of-thought, and few-shot prompting. Results reveal three key findings. First, RLLMs frequently complied with rumor-generation requests, rationalizing them as harmless tasks, which highlights important safety risks. Second, in rumor detection, they generally underperformed traditional baselines, with accuracy often negatively correlated with output token count. Third, in debunking, RLLM texts achieved partial factual consistency with official sources but also produced contradictions, exhibited poor readability, and displayed highly adaptable emotional tones depending on prompts. These findings highlight both the potential and risks of RLLMs in rumor management, underscoring the need for stronger safety alignment, improved detection, and higher-quality debunking strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 11","pages":"Article 113690"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-specificity protein phosphatase 1: A potential therapeutic target in cancer 双特异性蛋白磷酸酶1：癌症的潜在治疗靶点

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113706

Suryakant Niture , Blaine H.M. Mooers , Dee H. Wu , Matthew Hart , Jerry Jaboin , Danushka Seneviratne

{"title":"Dual-specificity protein phosphatase 1: A potential therapeutic target in cancer","authors":"Suryakant Niture , Blaine H.M. Mooers , Dee H. Wu , Matthew Hart , Jerry Jaboin , Danushka Seneviratne","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dual-specificity protein phosphatase 1 (DUSP1), also known as MAP kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP1), is a key member of the dual-specificity phosphatase family that dephosphorylates both threonine and tyrosine residues on mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). By inactivating critical MAPK signaling pathways, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38, DUSP1 serves as a pivotal regulator of diverse cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, autophagy, and stress responses. Emerging evidence highlights its context-dependent roles in cancer progression, where DUSP1 can function either as a tumor suppressor or promoter depending on the tumor type, stage, and tumor microenvironment (TME). Aberrant DUSP1 regulation is implicated in modulating cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as well as facilitating immune evasion within the TME. This review provides a comprehensive overview of DUSP1, including molecular, structural, and regulatory mechanisms; its role in tumorigenesis, drug resistance, and immune modulation; and its therapeutic potential in precision oncology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 11","pages":"Article 113706"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PEA15 promotes osteosarcoma progression and cisplatin resistance by modulating autophagy through the FABP3-TNF signaling axis PEA15通过FABP3-TNF信号轴调节自噬，促进骨肉瘤进展和顺铂耐药

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113695

Yuanxiang Peng , Feng Cai , Lang Liu , Chong Guo , Guohua Zhang , Feng Shen , Xiaofeng Li

{"title":"PEA15 promotes osteosarcoma progression and cisplatin resistance by modulating autophagy through the FABP3-TNF signaling axis","authors":"Yuanxiang Peng , Feng Cai , Lang Liu , Chong Guo , Guohua Zhang , Feng Shen , Xiaofeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteosarcoma (OS), a primary malignant bone tumor, is characterized by resistance to chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin (DDP), posing a major obstacle to effective treatment. Tumor cells often exploit autophagy to survive chemotherapeutic stress, which contributes to this resistance. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), this study screened for autophagy-related genes associated with OS prognosis and identified PEA15 as a key indicator of poor outcomes. Through gene knockdown and overexpression experiments in OS cell lines and xenograft models, we found that PEA15 promotes tumor progression. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing revealed that PEA15 inhibits autophagy and apoptosis by modulating the downstream target FABP3 and the associated TNF signaling pathway. Notably, silencing PEA15 in resistant OS cells enhanced their sensitivity to cisplatin by activating autophagy. These findings identify the PEA15-FABP3-TNF signaling axis as a key pathway regulating chemoresistance in OS, suggesting that targeting PEA15 could be a promising therapeutic strategy to improve patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 11","pages":"Article 113695"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Meningeal lymphatic architecture and drainage dynamics surrounding the human middle meningeal artery 人脑膜中动脉周围的脑膜淋巴结构和引流动力学

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113693

Mehmet Albayram , Sutton B. Richmond , Kaan Yagmurlu , Ibrahim S. Tuna , Eda Karakaya , Hiranmayi Ravichandran , Fatih Tufan , Emal Lesha , Melike Mut , Filiz Bunyak , Yashar.S. Kalani , Adviye Ergul , Rachael D. Seidler , Onder Albayram

{"title":"Meningeal lymphatic architecture and drainage dynamics surrounding the human middle meningeal artery","authors":"Mehmet Albayram , Sutton B. Richmond , Kaan Yagmurlu , Ibrahim S. Tuna , Eda Karakaya , Hiranmayi Ravichandran , Fatih Tufan , Emal Lesha , Melike Mut , Filiz Bunyak , Yashar.S. Kalani , Adviye Ergul , Rachael D. Seidler , Onder Albayram","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The anatomical basis of cerebrospinal and interstitial fluid clearance along the human ventral meninges remains poorly defined. Here, we present the <em>in vivo</em> and <em>ex vivo</em> evidence of a distinct CSF-ISF drainage compartment surrounding the middle meningeal artery (MMA) in humans. In five healthy participants, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI revealed delayed signal enhancement along the MMA-peripheral region, peaking at 90 min, substantially later than adjacent vascular and lymphatic structures, consistent with slower, nonvascular clearance dynamics. To validate these findings, we performed the high-resolution spatial mapping of the dorsal and ventral dura using immunofluorescence and imaging mass cytometry, identifying PROX1+, PDPN+, and LYVE1+ lymphatic-like structures that are aligned along the MMA. These findings define a previously unrecognized outflow zone in the human ventral dura and support the presence of organized meningeal lymphatic architecture beyond dorsal compartments. This integrated human framework motivates future mechanistic studies into the role of ventral lymphatics in brain fluid clearance and neuroimmune regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 11","pages":"Article 113693"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human OPN-derived peptide SV prevents BPD model through interacting with KIF5B to repair mitochondrial damage and inhibit apoptosis 人opn衍生肽SV通过与KIF5B相互作用，修复线粒体损伤，抑制细胞凋亡，从而预防BPD模型

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113691

Ru Yan , Honglian Zhang , Pan Zhang , Mingyue Lv , Yuhan Pu , Lihui Yu , Weilai Jin , Le Zhang , Yahui Zhou

{"title":"Human OPN-derived peptide SV prevents BPD model through interacting with KIF5B to repair mitochondrial damage and inhibit apoptosis","authors":"Ru Yan , Honglian Zhang , Pan Zhang , Mingyue Lv , Yuhan Pu , Lihui Yu , Weilai Jin , Le Zhang , Yahui Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioactive components in breast milk offer a new therapeutic strategy for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). While osteopontin (OPN) is supplemented in formula to promote neonatal growth, the therapeutic role of its derived peptide, SVVYGLR (SV), in BPD remains unexplored. This study aimed to elucidate SV’s therapeutic mechanisms in BPD. The results revealed that SV significantly enhances cell viability, inhibits hyperoxia/LPS-induced apoptosis, and repairs alveolar epithelial injury. Molecularly, SV restores mitochondrial integrity, upregulates the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2, and downregulates the pro-apoptotic protein Bax. <em>In vivo</em> experiments showed SV reduced hyperoxia/LPS-triggered BPD-like injury, evidenced by neonatal mice gaining weight, improved lung histology, and increased alveolar counts and septal thickness. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that SV interacts with KIF5B and enhances its binding to mitochondria. In conclusion, SV improves BPD by repairing mitochondrial damage and inhibiting apoptosis via KIF5B interaction. This study identified new potential targets and therapeutic strategies for BPD management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 11","pages":"Article 113691"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic and physiological analyses revealed nicotianamine enhances wheat tolerance to excess manganese 转录组学和生理学分析表明，烟胺增强了小麦对过量锰的耐受性

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113671

Daozhen Luo (罗道祯) , Qing Li (李青) , Fei Pang (庞妃) , Wenjie Zhang (张文洁) , Muhammad Usman , Yangrui Li (李杨瑞) , Yongxiu Xing (邢永秀) , Dengfeng Dong (董登峰)

{"title":"Transcriptomic and physiological analyses revealed nicotianamine enhances wheat tolerance to excess manganese","authors":"Daozhen Luo (罗道祯) , Qing Li (李青) , Fei Pang (庞妃) , Wenjie Zhang (张文洁) , Muhammad Usman , Yangrui Li (李杨瑞) , Yongxiu Xing (邢永秀) , Dengfeng Dong (董登峰)","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Manganese (Mn) is an essential plant micronutrient but toxic at supra-optimal concentrations. Although nicotianamine (NA) biosynthesis is metal inducible, its specific role in Mn detoxification in wheat remains poorly characterized. Integrated transcriptomic and physiological analyses of Mn-tolerant (ET8, Carazinho) and Mn-sensitive (ES8, Egret) wheat near-isogenic lines and their parental cultivars under excess Mn revealed pronounced upregulation of genes encoding nicotianamine synthase (<em>TaNAS</em>), nicotianamine aminotransferase (<em>TaNAAT</em>), and putative Mn-NA transporters (<em>TaYSL2</em>, <em>TaYSL6</em>) in tolerant genotypes. This transcriptional response correlated with elevated NA accumulation in roots under Mn stress. Exogenous NA application enhanced Mn tolerance in hydroponically grown seedlings in a concentration-dependent manner, accompanied by reduced tissue Mn accumulation, and maintained homeostasis of essential cations (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu) in both roots and shoots. Our findings demonstrate that NA biosynthesis and transport contribute to Mn tolerance by modulating Mn partitioning and metal ion homeostasis. We further propose candidate genes (<em>TaNAS</em>, <em>TaNAAT</em>, <em>TaYSL2</em>, <em>TaYSL6</em>) as potential targets for breeding Mn-tolerant wheat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 11","pages":"Article 113671"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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