iScience最新文献

{"title":"Induction of hemagglutinin stalk reactive antibodies by the administration of a live-attenuated influenza virus vaccine in children","authors":"Juan Manuel Carreño ,&nbsp;Philip Meade ,&nbsp;Na Fatimata Sogodogo ,&nbsp;Kaori Sano ,&nbsp;Johnstone Tcheou ,&nbsp;Ariel Raskin ,&nbsp;Gagandeep Singh ,&nbsp;Miriam Fried ,&nbsp;Madhumathi Loganathan ,&nbsp;Benjamin Francis ,&nbsp;Dominika Bielak ,&nbsp;Ya Jankey Jagne ,&nbsp;Hadijatou J. Salah ,&nbsp;Florian Krammer ,&nbsp;Thushan I. de Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early life exposures to influenza viruses may imprint a hemagglutinin group-specific signature on immunity that impacts future responses to infection or vaccination. We assessed the administration of a live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) vaccine in children. Two LAIV formulations (2016–17 and 2017–18) containing distinct H1N1 components were used. Modest boosting of pre-existing serum stalk reactive titers and enhancement of functional antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity (ADCC) was observed. The magnitude of stalk antibody induction in children naive to influenza A viruses was low; however, LAIV induced <em>de novo</em> stalk antibodies, increasing the number of children seropositive to both group 1 (G1) and group 2 (G2) influenza viruses. The 2018 LAIV formulation, containing an updated H1N1 component, induced higher stalk reactive antibodies with strong ADCC effector functions to the G1 stalk. No significant changes were detected in NA-reactive antibodies in serum or in stalk- or NA-secretory IgA (sIgA) in oral fluid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 7","pages":"Article 112893"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep metabolic profiling of immune cells by spectral flow cytometry—A comprehensive validation approach","authors":"Claire L. Wishart ,&nbsp;Alanna G. Spiteri ,&nbsp;Jian Tan ,&nbsp;Claudio Counoupas ,&nbsp;James A. Triccas ,&nbsp;Laurence Macia ,&nbsp;Nicholas J.C. King","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancing field of immunometabolism requires tools that link single-cell metabolism with immune function. Metabolic flow cytometry provides this capability, but its broad adoption has been limited by costly custom reagents and a lack of standardized methods for validating metabolic targets. Here, we present a standardized and user-friendly spectral flow cytometry panel that profiles eight key metabolic pathways at single-cell resolution using only commercially available antibodies, enabling simultaneous analysis of immune phenotype and metabolic activity . Applying this approach to lung myeloid and T cells following intranasal adenoviral CD40L vaccination revealed distinct metabolic phenotypes between resident and infiltrating myeloid cells, as well as functionally divergent metabolic programs in naive, effector, and tissue-resident memory T cells. Additionally, leveraging NAD(P)H autofluorescence allowed label-free detection of glycolysis and expanded the panel’s utility. This standardized approach reduces cost and experimental complexity, enabling researchers to elucidate how metabolism drives immune function across broader immunological and clinical contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 7","pages":"Article 112894"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144489665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global water stress mitigation achieved through international crop trade","authors":"Ying Shi ,&nbsp;Xu Zhao ,&nbsp;Martin R. Tillotson ,&nbsp;Xinxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Rui Zhong ,&nbsp;Honglin Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global water savings can be achieved by trading crops from countries with higher to lower water productivity. However, strengthening such water-saving trade links could intensify global water stress if exports come from water-stressed countries to less stressed ones. Here, we explore whether international crop trade can alleviate global water stress using a virtual scarce water saving/loss indicator and refined trade matrices for 109 crops across 150 countries. We further assess how differences in water productivity and stress between trade partners mitigate global water stress by categorizing different types of crop trade relationships. Our results indicate that while international crop trade generally helps mitigate global water stress, over half of the trade links still contribute to increased water stress. Scenario analysis suggests that enhancing crop water productivity among exporters involved in virtual scarce water loss trade links could convert up to 53% of these loss links into saving links.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 7","pages":"Article 112896"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A tumor microenvironment model for glioma diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation based on the analysis of tissues and biological fluids","authors":"Qinran Zhang ,&nbsp;Huizhong Chi ,&nbsp;Yanhua Qi ,&nbsp;Rongrong Zhao ,&nbsp;Fuzhong Xue ,&nbsp;Gang Li ,&nbsp;Hao Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional glioma diagnostic methods have limitations, while liquid biopsy is a promising non-invasive option. This study developed the glioma-related cell signature (GRCS), a prediction model that integrates machine learning with biological insights. Trained on tumor-educated platelet samples, the GRCS model demonstrated consistent performance across validation cohorts comprising platelet, extracellular vesicle, and tumor tissue specimens. The GRCS score showed significant associations with patient age, histological grade, survival outcome, and mutational landscape. Moreover, the GRCS model effectively distinguished responses to bevacizumab and immunotherapy and identified potential candidates for combination therapies. Furthermore, a miRNA-based simplified GRCS model (GRCSS) was developed and validated across different specimen cohorts, demonstrating its robust diagnostic and prognostic capabilities in glioma. This work highlights the potential of GRCS as a versatile tool for personalized glioma management across multiple biopsy specimen types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 7","pages":"Article 112881"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Job loss disrupts individuals’ mobility and their exploratory patterns","authors":"Simone Centellegher ,&nbsp;Marco De Nadai ,&nbsp;Marco Tonin ,&nbsp;Bruno Lepri ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Lucchini","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, human mobility research has discovered universal patterns capable of describing how people move. These regularities have been shown to partly depend on individual and environmental characteristics (e.g., gender, rural/urban, and country). In this work, we show that life-course events, such as job loss, can disrupt individual mobility patterns. Adversely affecting individuals’ well-being and potentially increasing the risk of social and economic inequalities, we show that job loss drives a significant change in the exploratory behavior of individuals with changes that intensify over time since the job loss. Our findings shed light on the dynamics of employment-related behavior at scale, providing a deeper understanding of key components in human mobility regularities. These drivers can facilitate targeted social interventions to support the most vulnerable populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 7","pages":"Article 112892"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explainable CT-based deep learning model for predicting hematoma expansion including intraventricular hemorrhage growth","authors":"Xianjing Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhengxiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Juntao Shui ,&nbsp;Hui Xu ,&nbsp;Yulong Yang ,&nbsp;Lequn Zhu ,&nbsp;Lei Chen ,&nbsp;Shixin Chang ,&nbsp;Chunzhong Du ,&nbsp;Zhenwei Yao ,&nbsp;Xiangming Fang ,&nbsp;Lei Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hematoma expansion (HE), including intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) growth, significantly affects outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study aimed to develop, validate, and interpret a deep learning model, HENet, for predicting three definitions of HE. Using CT scans and clinical data from 718 ICH patients across three hospitals, the multicenter retrospective study focused on revised hematoma expansion (RHE) definitions 1 and 2, and conventional HE (CHE). HENet’s performance was compared with 2D models and physician predictions using two external validation sets. Results showed that HENet achieved high AUC values for RHE1, RHE2, and CHE predictions, surpassing physicians’ predictions and 2D models in net reclassification index and integrated discrimination index for RHE1 and RHE2 outcomes. The Grad-CAM technique provided visual insights into the model’s decision-making process. These findings suggest that integrating HENet into clinical practice could improve prediction accuracy and patient outcomes in ICH cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 7","pages":"Article 112888"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research perspectives for improving regulation and policy development for energy efficiency and sustainable mobility in Uganda","authors":"Ismail Kimuli ,&nbsp;John Baptist Kirabira","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This perspective explores the regulatory and policy challenges facing Uganda’s energy and transportation sectors, which impede the transition to a sustainable energy future. Despite foundational policy frameworks such as the National Energy Policy (2023) and Uganda Vision 2040, the country’s regulatory environment lacks enforceable mandates essential for promoting energy efficiency and sustainable mobility. Increasing energy demands and urbanization worsen inefficiencies, highlighting the need for integrated policies that target industrial decarbonization, energy performance standards, and electrified transportation systems. Using a structured qualitative policy analysis framework integrating content analysis, critical discourse analysis, and comparative policy evaluation, this study systematically assesses Uganda’s policy gaps, enforcement challenges, and opportunities for regulatory improvements. Drawing from global best practices, the paper outlines forward-looking strategies to address these gaps, including the adoption of mandatory energy performance standards (MEPS), innovative financial mechanisms, such as green loans and public-private partnerships, and comprehensive national mobility strategies prioritizing electrified mass rapid transit and low-carbon infrastructure. The perspective highlights the importance of data-driven policymaking and robust financial incentives to accelerate the uptake of energy-efficient technologies and sustainable transportation solutions. The insights and recommendations are intended to inform policy and practice scalable to other nations in the Global South. Implementing these strategies will enable Uganda to achieve economic growth while fulfilling its sustainability obligations under global frameworks like the Paris Agreement and SDGs (7, 9, 11, and 13). This work contributes to the broader discourse on energy policy and sustainability, aligning well with the global energy community’s focus on innovative perspectives at the intersection of technology, environment, policy, and economics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 7","pages":"Article 112877"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144489666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of glucocorticoid withdrawal on relapse risk in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Sicheng Huang ,&nbsp;Yimeng Jia ,&nbsp;Yuelun Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongda Chen ,&nbsp;Chuiwen Deng ,&nbsp;Yunyun Fei","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Whether discontinuing glucocorticoids (GCs) increases relapse risk in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains a critical consideration. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and observational cohort studies was conducted to evaluate relapse outcomes after GC withdrawal versus maintenance. RCTs showed that GC withdrawal led to a higher overall relapse rate (risk difference [RD] 0.13; 95% CI 0.03–0.23; <em>p</em> = 0.008) and an increased rate of severe relapses (RD 0.02; 95% CI 0.00–0.05; <em>p</em> = 0.04), whereas observational cohorts found similar relapse rates between withdrawal and maintenance and demonstrated non-inferiority within a 15% margin. These findings indicate that GC withdrawal should be approached with caution in patients with SLE, and more research is needed to identify which patients can safely discontinue GC. This review should help guide the choice of maintenance therapy and highlights the need for personalized tapering strategies to optimize long-term outcomes in SLE management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 7","pages":"Article 112875"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144471307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulating CD8 T cell exhaustion: A comprehensive approach","authors":"Andrea J. Manrique-Rincón ,&nbsp;Ben Foster ,&nbsp;Stuart Horswell ,&nbsp;David A. Goulding ,&nbsp;David J. Adams ,&nbsp;Anneliese O. Speak","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment but benefits only some patients, and predictive biomarkers are lacking. One correlate of response is the reinvigoration of a subset of CD8 T cells that have an exhausted phenotype and impaired functionality. To develop effective therapies, reproducible models are required to identify candidate target genes that enable reversal of T cell exhaustion. Here, we describe an <em>in vitro</em> model by chronically stimulating T cells with their cognate antigen, followed by temporal phenotypic characterization. This model recapitulates many critical hallmarks of exhaustion, including expression of canonical surface markers, impaired proliferation, reduced cytokine production, decreased cytotoxic granule release, and metabolic alterations. Two <em>in vivo</em> models validate these results and establish a gene signature shared by <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> exhausted states. Critically, this signature is observed in tumor infiltrating T cells from multiple human tumor types, validating the translational potential of this model for discovering therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 7","pages":"Article 112897"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144489391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics of land use and landscape in coastal Zhejiang using multiple methods","authors":"Jingru Zhou ,&nbsp;Haowei Xu ,&nbsp;Chi Yung Jim ,&nbsp;Saheed Adeyinka Oke ,&nbsp;Xu Ma ,&nbsp;Lifei Wei ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Yang ,&nbsp;Fei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coastal counties of Zhejiang Province, China, are important for economic development, marine economy, and nature conservation. This study aimed to support sustainable land-use policies through the planning and management of 35 counties, using official land-use data from 1990 to 2020. Spatial analysis methods included transition matrix, land-use intensity, landscape-pattern indices, centroid shift, and standard deviation ellipses. Results showed a “north-cropland, south-woodland” structure, together over 75% of the area. Construction land expanded steadily to 20%, mainly from cropland, woodland, and grassland (87% of outflows). Inflows mainly involved construction land, woodland, and cropland (91%). The wetland was dominated by the river channel and mudflat. Mudflat and beach made up 94% of outflows; reservoir and pond, 78% of inflows. Land-use intensity increased overall, with Pinghu highest. Grassland centroid shifted 38.74 km. Ellipses showed directional changes. Land-use diversity and spatial complexity increased, reflecting intensified human influence and offering a basis for sustainable planning and ecological restoration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 7","pages":"Article 112898"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}