iScience最新文献_第3页

Westerly winds impact glacier energy balance and sublimation at August-one glacier in northern Tibetan Plateau

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113543

Shuhai Guo , Yueping Li , Rensheng Chen , Junfeng Liu , Chuntan Han

{"title":"Westerly winds impact glacier energy balance and sublimation at August-one glacier in northern Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Shuhai Guo , Yueping Li , Rensheng Chen , Junfeng Liu , Chuntan Han","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mid-latitude westerlies critically regulate glacier mass balance on the Tibetan Plateau. Here, we analyze the meteorological variables, surface energy balance (SEB), and surface sublimation of the August-one glacier (located in the northern edge of the Tibetan Plateau (TP), with a high altitude and relatively flat top) under different wind directions to better understand the effects of westerly winds on this glacier. Results show that westerly winds (60% frequency) drive 67% of total sublimation loss. Elevated sublimation under westerly winds is primarily controlled by wind speed, counteracting unfavorable humidity/temperature gradients. Simultaneously, westerly winds shift energy flux dominance from net radiation (<em>R</em><sub>net</sub>) to sensible heat (<em>H</em>), which contributes 52% of surface energy. As westerly winds intensify, <em>H</em> contribution declines while sublimation’s role escalates due to enhanced latent heat flux. This work establishes wind speed as the dominant control on sublimation in westerly-dominated systems, providing a mechanistic framework to project glacier mass loss under climate-driven circulation shifts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 10","pages":"Article 113543"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extracellular vesicles: Antiviral functions and applications in therapeutics and vaccines 细胞外囊泡：抗病毒功能及其在治疗和疫苗中的应用

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113542

Qing Gao , Yuqing Zhan , Jianhao Zhang , Dongyu Sun , Huayuan Xiang , Chenxuan Bao , Yuting Xu , Qianqian Gao , Lingxiang Mao

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles: Antiviral functions and applications in therapeutics and vaccines","authors":"Qing Gao , Yuqing Zhan , Jianhao Zhang , Dongyu Sun , Huayuan Xiang , Chenxuan Bao , Yuting Xu , Qianqian Gao , Lingxiang Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale membranous vesicles secreted by nearly all cell types, exhibiting dual regulatory mechanisms during viral infection: they facilitate infection spread by packaging whole infectious viral particles or functional viral genomes while concurrently delivering immunoactive substances to participate in host antiviral immune responses. Additionally, EVs themselves can exert direct antiviral effects, such as by competing with virions for binding to host cell receptors such as phosphatidylserine (PS) receptor. As natural nanocarriers, EVs have emerged as novel therapeutic delivery vehicles owing to their superior biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and efficient penetration across physiological barriers. Through engineering strategies such as surface modification and cargo loading, EVs enable targeted delivery of therapeutic agents, including antiviral molecules and gene-editing tools, effectively suppressing viral replication and enhancing host immune responses. Furthermore, their unique antigen-presenting mechanisms and immunostimulatory properties underscore significant potential in vaccine development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 10","pages":"Article 113542"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An interleukin-27-centered cytokine circuit regulates macrophage and T cell interactions in autoimmune diabetes 以白细胞介素27为中心的细胞因子回路调节自身免疫性糖尿病中巨噬细胞和T细胞的相互作用

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113537

Ashley E. Ciecko , Rabia Nabi , Amber Drewek , David M. Schauder , Pavel N. Zakharov , Xiaoxiao Wan , Scott M. Lieberman , Weiguo Cui , Martin J. Hessner , Chien-Wei Lin , Yi-Guang Chen

{"title":"An interleukin-27-centered cytokine circuit regulates macrophage and T cell interactions in autoimmune diabetes","authors":"Ashley E. Ciecko , Rabia Nabi , Amber Drewek , David M. Schauder , Pavel N. Zakharov , Xiaoxiao Wan , Scott M. Lieberman , Weiguo Cui , Martin J. Hessner , Chien-Wei Lin , Yi-Guang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of autoimmune diabetes, interleukin (IL)-27 stimulates interferon γ (IFNγ) production by CD4 and CD8 T cells and is essential for disease development. Here, we tested the role of IL-27 in cellular communication. Single-cell RNA sequencing and T cell adoptive transfer showed that IL-27 intrinsically controlled the differentiation of islet-infiltrating CD4 T cells by driving them toward an IL-21<sup>+</sup> Th1 phenotype. Consequently, IL-27 signaling in CD4 T cells was important for BATF and granzyme B expression in islet CD8 T effectors. BATF overexpression increased the diabetogenic potential of β cell autoreactive CD8 T cells lacking help from CD4 T cell-derived IL-21. Macrophages were the main source of IL-27 in the islets, whose expression correlated with T cell infiltration. IFNγ and CD40 signaling conferred by activated T cells induced macrophage IL-27 production. Collectively, our findings reveal a role for IL-27 in orchestrating interconnected positive feedback loops involving CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, and macrophages in autoimmune diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 10","pages":"Article 113537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cardiac mural cells are rate-limiting for coronary vascularization after heart injury 心脏壁细胞是心脏损伤后冠状动脉血管形成的限速细胞

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113536

Zhengkai Lu , Jian Zhou , Min Ye , Jufeng Meng , Teng Feng , Zhen Jiang , Wenxuan Dai , Defang Deng , Lei Yan , Yuanxin Wei , Wen Zhang , Jialei Zheng , Yutao Fu , Chao-Po Lin , Huiwen Chen , Guocheng Shi , Hui Zhang , Juan Tang

{"title":"Cardiac mural cells are rate-limiting for coronary vascularization after heart injury","authors":"Zhengkai Lu , Jian Zhou , Min Ye , Jufeng Meng , Teng Feng , Zhen Jiang , Wenxuan Dai , Defang Deng , Lei Yan , Yuanxin Wei , Wen Zhang , Jialei Zheng , Yutao Fu , Chao-Po Lin , Huiwen Chen , Guocheng Shi , Hui Zhang , Juan Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Limited angiogenic potential of coronary vascular endothelial cells (cVECs) poses a significant barrier to effective therapeutic revascularization after myocardial infarction (MI). However, the underlying mechanisms of restricted vascularization post-MI remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that both reduced density and limited proliferation of mural cells result in inadequate mural cell coverage of coronary vessels, consequently impeding coronary vascularization within the MI heart. Our findings reveal that the cell cycle inhibitor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is expressed in mural cells from both sham-operated and MI hearts. Conditional <em>Pten</em> deletion in mural cells enhances mural-derived cell (MDC) proliferation, increases coronary vascular density, promotes arteriogenesis, and improves cardiac function following MI. Furthermore, <em>Pten</em> deficiency upregulates chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 expression, which potentially reduces apoptosis in cVECs and MDCs and increases vascular density. These results identify cardiac mural cells as promising therapeutic targets for enhancing coronary angiogenesis and vascular remodeling after ischemic injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 10","pages":"Article 113536"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Switchable and expandable mid-infrared broadband metasurface absorber for adaptive infrared stealth based on VO2 phase change materials 基于VO2相变材料的可切换可扩展中红外宽带超表面自适应红外隐身吸收器

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113547

Ye Yuan , Shaopei Wang , Mengdan Qian , Weiying Hou

{"title":"Switchable and expandable mid-infrared broadband metasurface absorber for adaptive infrared stealth based on VO2 phase change materials","authors":"Ye Yuan , Shaopei Wang , Mengdan Qian , Weiying Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamic thermal emission with broadband tunability has attracted increasing interest in energy and military fields. Here, a thermally switchable and expandable metasurface absorber with broadband mid-infrared emission is proposed based on a metallic resonant element and vanadium dioxide (VO<sub>2</sub>) phase change material film. Through the insulating-metal transition of VO<sub>2</sub>, the metasurface switches between “stealth” and “non-stealth” states across the mid-infrared spectrum, and even active tuning of the absorption bandwidth and resonant peak can be achieved. At room temperature, the absorber shows near-perfect broadband absorption in the long-wave infrared atmospheric window. At high temperatures, the absorption band moves toward 5–8 μm while the atmospheric window bands present low emissivity, allowing infrared camouflage and effective heat dissipation. The proposed metasurface absorber has simple structural geometry and broad, switchable spectral response in the infrared region, showing promising applications in thermal photonics, including information storage, infrared stealth, thermal imaging, and detectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 10","pages":"Article 113547"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing mRNA translation efficiency with discriminative and generative artificial intelligence by optimizing 5′ UTR sequences 通过优化5 ' UTR序列，利用判别和生成人工智能提高mRNA翻译效率

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113544

Yu Liu , Chunmei Cui , Limei Liu , Qinghua Cui

引用次数: 0

Investors demand carbon damage risk compensation in China 在中国，投资者要求碳损害风险补偿

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113534

Ziqi Lu , Yu Zhang , Zengkai Zhang

引用次数: 0

Genomic insights into the mangrove-associated cultivable bacteria and their ecological function 红树林相关可培养细菌及其生态功能的基因组学见解

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113523

Xiaofang Huang , Puzi Jiang , Xi Yang , Junde Dong , Tongyin Liang , Juan Ling , Haixin Chen

{"title":"Genomic insights into the mangrove-associated cultivable bacteria and their ecological function","authors":"Xiaofang Huang , Puzi Jiang , Xi Yang , Junde Dong , Tongyin Liang , Juan Ling , Haixin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbes are indispensable players in sustaining mangrove plant health and ecosystem productivity. However, studies concerning the isolation and function of mangrove-associated bacteria remain limited. Detailed genomic analysis could provide some insights into their ecological functions. In this study, we isolated 163 bacterial strains from the mangrove sediments of Sanya River Mangrove Nature Reserve, including 51 putative novel species and 2 novel genera. The genomes of 75 isolates were sequenced, combined with 160 publicly available genomes from NCBI, resulting in an integrated gesnomic characterization of 235 mangrove-associated isolates. Genomic analyses revealed that most isolates possess putative functions (e.g., siderophore production and phosphate solubilization) in supporting mangrove plant health. Furthermore, key bacterial taxa such as Pseudomonadales and Rhizobiales were identified as critical biogeochemical linkers connecting the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles. Our findings provide valuable microbial resources and a theoretical foundation for developing strategies to enhance plant health and restore mangrove ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 10","pages":"Article 113523"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemical characteristics of wintertime PM2.5 in background region of northwest China during urban emission reduction 西北城市减排背景区冬季PM2.5化学特征

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113528

Yali Liu , Xiao Guo , Yifan Zhang , Yue Cao , Yingkun Jiang , Weining Qi , Minxia Shen , Lu Li , Qian Wang , Wenting Dai , Jianjun Li

{"title":"Chemical characteristics of wintertime PM2.5 in background region of northwest China during urban emission reduction","authors":"Yali Liu , Xiao Guo , Yifan Zhang , Yue Cao , Yingkun Jiang , Weining Qi , Minxia Shen , Lu Li , Qian Wang , Wenting Dai , Jianjun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the impact of urban emission reduction on particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) pollution characteristics, field observations were conducted near a megacity in the Guanzhong Plain, China, during three periods: COVID-19 lockdown (“lockdown”), pre-lockdown (“normal”), and post-lockdown (“festival”). The observation showed that despite reduced NO<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub> increased significantly during “lockdown.” Molecular characteristics and PMF source apportionment revealed that biomass burning contributions to PM<sub>2.5</sub> increased by over 70% compared with “normal.” Meanwhile, secondary aerosol formation (primarily through liquid-phase oxidation) accounted for more than 50% of PM<sub>2.5</sub> levels during “lockdown.” Additionally, metal ions released by fireworks burning accelerated the liquid-phase formation of sulfate, resulting in secondary sulfate-related sources contributing about 33% of PM<sub>2.5</sub> during “festival.” The study demonstrates synergistic effects between biomass/fireworks burning and liquid-phase oxidation, indicating that unbalanced emission reductions may exacerbate pollution through atmospheric aging and regional transport. Effective air quality management requires coordinated multi-pollutant control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 10","pages":"Article 113528"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ferroptosis and organelle roles in dry eye 干眼症中铁下垂和细胞器的作用

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113527

Licheng Li , Baihua Chen

引用次数: 0