Shuhai Guo , Yueping Li , Rensheng Chen , Junfeng Liu , Chuntan Han
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Westerly winds impact glacier energy balance and sublimation at August-one glacier in northern Tibetan Plateau
Mid-latitude westerlies critically regulate glacier mass balance on the Tibetan Plateau. Here, we analyze the meteorological variables, surface energy balance (SEB), and surface sublimation of the August-one glacier (located in the northern edge of the Tibetan Plateau (TP), with a high altitude and relatively flat top) under different wind directions to better understand the effects of westerly winds on this glacier. Results show that westerly winds (60% frequency) drive 67% of total sublimation loss. Elevated sublimation under westerly winds is primarily controlled by wind speed, counteracting unfavorable humidity/temperature gradients. Simultaneously, westerly winds shift energy flux dominance from net radiation (Rnet) to sensible heat (H), which contributes 52% of surface energy. As westerly winds intensify, H contribution declines while sublimation’s role escalates due to enhanced latent heat flux. This work establishes wind speed as the dominant control on sublimation in westerly-dominated systems, providing a mechanistic framework to project glacier mass loss under climate-driven circulation shifts.
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