iScience最新文献_第4页

Leaves for high power density hydrovoltaic generators 叶片用于高功率密度水伏发电机

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112601

Neha M. Viradia , Ramesh Y. Adhikari

引用次数: 0

The single-cell transcription reveals the aberrant differentiation trajectory of chondrocytes in the intervertebral disc for congenital scoliosis 单细胞转录揭示了先天性脊柱侧凸椎间盘软骨细胞的异常分化轨迹

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112608

Junfeng Wang , Haodong Li , Dong Fu , Yiming Zheng , Chuang Qian , Lin Li , Maoxiang Qian , Dahui Wang

{"title":"The single-cell transcription reveals the aberrant differentiation trajectory of chondrocytes in the intervertebral disc for congenital scoliosis","authors":"Junfeng Wang , Haodong Li , Dong Fu , Yiming Zheng , Chuang Qian , Lin Li , Maoxiang Qian , Dahui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cartilage endplate (CEP) in the intervertebral disc (IVD) contributes to vertebral level asymmetrically in congenital scoliosis (CS). However, the cellular compositions of CEP and the subsequent alteration of cellular environment in its neighboring annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus remain unknown during the progressive scoliosis. Herein, this study resolved the single-cell landscape of IVD in CS. Chondrocytes in CS demonstrated a different trajectory and were enriched in the cytoskeleton dependent cytokinesis pathways. H19, ECRG4, CCN1, and CCN2 were the specific markers for CS, and DBP may be the critical transcription factor (TF) for CS. Notochord and pericyte were the dominative cell types in the cell-cell communications, among which NCAM and SEMA5 signaling were the unique pathways for CS. Collectively, the aberrant differentiation trajectory of chondrocytes may explain the vertebral dysplasia in CS, and these critical gene markers, TFs, and pathways identified in this study may provide potential therapeutic targets for CS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112608"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increasing atmospheric evaporative demand across the Tibetan plateau and implications for surface water resources 青藏高原大气蒸发需求增加及其对地表水资源的影响

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112598

Shiqin Xu, Dennis P. Lettenmaier, Tim R. McVicar, Pierre Gentine, Hylke E. Beck, Joshua B. Fisher, Zhongbo Yu, Ningpeng Dong, Akash Koppa, Matthew F. McCabe

引用次数: 0

Investigating the impact of peatland degradation: A lipid biomarker analysis 研究泥炭地退化的影响：脂质生物标志物分析

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112604

Nasreen Jeelani , Katharina Fischer , Carrie L. Thomas , Klaus-Holger Knorr , Mariusz Lamentowicz , Mariusz Gałka , Stephan Glatzel

{"title":"Investigating the impact of peatland degradation: A lipid biomarker analysis","authors":"Nasreen Jeelani , Katharina Fischer , Carrie L. Thomas , Klaus-Holger Knorr , Mariusz Lamentowicz , Mariusz Gałka , Stephan Glatzel","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lipids, such as aliphatics, phenolics, and carboxylic acids, are key biomarkers for analyzing peat composition, decomposition, and microbial activity. This study provides a comparative analysis of lipid biomarkers from natural, extracted, degraded, and restored bog sites in Germany, Poland, and Austria. We investigate samples from various depths, assessing how effectively these biomarkers reflect environmental conditions and restoration success. The aliphatic hydrocarbon fractions showed the site specific pattern in <em>n</em>-alkanes (C<sub>15</sub> to C<sub>33</sub>), with variations in carbon preference index (CPI), average chain length (ACL), and proxy of aquatic macrophytes input (P<sub>aq</sub>) indicating shifts in vegetation and moisture. The presence of triterpenoids, sterols, hopanoids, and archaeol provides insights into the vegetation composition and microbial processes. Our finding highlights the complex interaction of chemical and biological factors in peatlands. Restoration sites exhibit elevated biomarker concentrations similar to natural conditions, whereas degraded sites show lower concentrations, suggests additional restoration efforts are needed to achieve natural condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112604"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nonlinear phenomena make animal calls alarming for human listeners 非线性现象使动物的叫声引起人类的警觉

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112600

Anna Terrade , Mathilde Massenet , Lise Pernel , Nicolas Mathevon , Andrey Anikin , David Reby

{"title":"Nonlinear phenomena make animal calls alarming for human listeners","authors":"Anna Terrade , Mathilde Massenet , Lise Pernel , Nicolas Mathevon , Andrey Anikin , David Reby","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animal vocalizations are extremely diverse, and evolutionary approaches to understanding this diversity assume some mapping between their acoustic form and communicative function, with specific features serving universal roles. Here, we investigate whether irregular vocal production with nonlinear phenomena contributes to the alarming quality of vertebrate calls. We resynthesized 98 calls of birds and mammals from 18 species, adding frequency jumps, subharmonics, amplitude modulation, or chaos. Human listeners then rated how alarming they found these calls in an immersive setting mimicking a forest at night. Chaos consistently made the calls more alarming, but other tested NLP did not, confirming that chaos is particularly suitable both for signaling alarm and, potentially, for intimidation in agonistic interactions. While our results suggest that nonlinear phenomena may have a broader function in the mammalian vocal repertoire, follow-up studies should now investigate whether these perceptual effects induced by nonlinear phenomena extend to receivers in non-human species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112600"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multifunctional nanoparticle platform for targeted delivery and vaccines 靶向递送和疫苗的多功能纳米颗粒平台

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112599

Anja S. Redecker , Medea Neek , Philip E.J. Smith , James R. Swartz

引用次数: 0

Clostridioides difficile’s virulence requires efficient holin-mediated toxin secretion 艰难梭菌的毒力需要有效的holin介导的毒素分泌

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112586

Nicholas V. DiBenedetto , Marine Oberkampf , Aline Crouzols , Laura Cersosimo , Vladimir Yeliseyev , Lynn Bry , Johann Peltier , Bruno Dupuy

{"title":"Clostridioides difficile’s virulence requires efficient holin-mediated toxin secretion","authors":"Nicholas V. DiBenedetto , Marine Oberkampf , Aline Crouzols , Laura Cersosimo , Vladimir Yeliseyev , Lynn Bry , Johann Peltier , Bruno Dupuy","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human pathogen <em>Clostridioides difficile</em> causes pseudomembranous colitis through release of the potent TcdA and TcdB toxins. These toxins lack canonical N-terminal secretion signal sequences for translocation across the bacterial membrane, suggesting alternate mechanisms of release including targeted secretion mediated by the holin-like protein TcdE and passive release from cell lysis. Here, we show how the lack of the TcdE holin profoundly reduces toxin secretion in the high toxin-producing strains UK1 and VPI10463, independently of cell lysis. Remarkably, <em>tcdE</em> deletion in either strain rescued highly susceptible gnotobiotic mice from lethal infection. Δ<em>tcdE</em>-infected mice demonstrated undetectable levels of toxin acutely and long-term survival, despite active toxin gene expression and cytoplasmic accumulation in mutant strains. These findings demonstrate the dominant role of the TcdE holin in toxin secretion <em>in vivo</em> and host disease and confirm the use of a conserved and non-lytic holin-mediated toxin secretion mechanism among toxigenic species of <em>Clostridia</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112586"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Porphyran from discolored nori prevents metabolic syndrome through microbiota-bile acid-ceramide pathway 变色海苔卟啉通过微生物-胆汁酸-神经酰胺途径预防代谢综合征

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112603

Yoko Yokoyama , Yoko Takashina , Jean-David Morel , Tanon Taworntawat , Naho Kitamura , Utana Nagano , Tatsuya Tanigaki , Anna Nakamura , Teruo Miyazaki , Hiroki Taoka , Adrienne Mottis , Alessia Perino , Atsushi Shinjo , Norihiro Suzuki , Setsuo Takekawa , Shinji Fukuda , Akira Honda , Kenji Ishihara , Makoto Arita , Kazuo Tsubota , Mitsuhiro Watanabe

{"title":"Porphyran from discolored nori prevents metabolic syndrome through microbiota-bile acid-ceramide pathway","authors":"Yoko Yokoyama , Yoko Takashina , Jean-David Morel , Tanon Taworntawat , Naho Kitamura , Utana Nagano , Tatsuya Tanigaki , Anna Nakamura , Teruo Miyazaki , Hiroki Taoka , Adrienne Mottis , Alessia Perino , Atsushi Shinjo , Norihiro Suzuki , Setsuo Takekawa , Shinji Fukuda , Akira Honda , Kenji Ishihara , Makoto Arita , Kazuo Tsubota , Mitsuhiro Watanabe","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nori is a component of the traditional Japanese diet. The Japanese have a low prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular disease worldwide, and components of nori may have disease-preventive effects. Here, we focused on porphyran, which is abundant in nori that is discarded due to discoloration, and investigated the effects of nori-derived porphyran on gut microbiota, bile acid composition, and ceramide synthesis. Administration of porphyran to mice prevented obesity, diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This improvement correlates with a decrease in secondary bile acids, a decrease in intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling, and a marked decrease in blood ceramide. Porphyran, abundant in discolored nori, should be the subject of future translational research to prevent diseases with significant unmet medical needs and improve global environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112603"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved all photonics diffraction neural network based on multi-channel integrated optical fibers 基于多通道集成光纤的改进全光子衍射神经网络

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112596

Jiakang Zhu , Qichang An , Fei Yang

{"title":"Improved all photonics diffraction neural network based on multi-channel integrated optical fibers","authors":"Jiakang Zhu , Qichang An , Fei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AI’s exponentially growing computational demands conflict with slow hardware advances. The high-power consumption and long training times of large-scale models call for alternative solutions. Optical computing-based traditional optical networks and diffractive deep neural network (D<sup>2</sup>NN) still face deployment challenges and reliance on electronic networks. To address these issues, we replace the free-space interlayer propagation in conventional optical networks with fiber-based propagation. This preserves the advantages of traditional optical networks while providing additional benefits such as ease of deployment, reduced dependence on electronic networks, and enhanced robustness. Experimental results demonstrate that this untrained structure exhibits strong nonlinear mapping capabilities across different configurations, yielding distinct outputs for three input targets, especially at 1550 nm. Furthermore, the influence of environment and noise is around 1% in target recognition. Leveraging inherent spectral discrimination, this architecture enables multidimensional target identification with important implications for complex target classification and multidimensional sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112596"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deleterious mitochondrial heteroplasmies exhibit increased longitudinal change in variant allele fraction 有害线粒体异质在变异等位基因部分表现出增加的纵向变化

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112590

Lieke M. Kuiper , Wen Shi , Joost A.M. Verlouw , Yun Soo Hong , Pascal Arp , Daniela Puiu , Linda Broer , Jiaqi Xie , Charles Newcomb , Stephen S. Rich , Kent D. Taylor , Jerome I. Rotter , Joel S. Bader , Eliseo Guallar , Joyce B.J. van Meurs , Dan E. Arking

{"title":"Deleterious mitochondrial heteroplasmies exhibit increased longitudinal change in variant allele fraction","authors":"Lieke M. Kuiper , Wen Shi , Joost A.M. Verlouw , Yun Soo Hong , Pascal Arp , Daniela Puiu , Linda Broer , Jiaqi Xie , Charles Newcomb , Stephen S. Rich , Kent D. Taylor , Jerome I. Rotter , Joel S. Bader , Eliseo Guallar , Joyce B.J. van Meurs , Dan E. Arking","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A common feature of human aging is the acquisition of somatic mutations, and mitochondria are particularly prone to mutation, leading to a state of mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy. Cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that detection of heteroplasmy increases with participant age, a phenomenon that has been attributed to genetic drift. In this large-scale longitudinal study, we measured heteroplasmy in two prospective cohorts (combined <em>n</em> = 1404) at two time points (mean time between visits, 8.6 years), demonstrating that deleterious heteroplasmies were more likely to increase in variant allele fraction (VAF). We further demonstrated that increase in VAF was associated with increased risk of overall mortality. These results challenge the claim that somatic mtDNA mutations arise mainly due to genetic drift, instead suggesting a role for positive selection for a subset of predicted deleterious mutations at the cellular level, despite a negative impact of these mutations on overall mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112590"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0