iScience最新文献_第4页

Boron-nitrogen fullerenes as electrocatalysts for nitrogen reduction: A computational study of affinity and reaction mechanism

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112326

Sasha Gazzari-Jara , Diego Cortés-Arriagada , Ernesto Chigo-Anota , Sebastián Miranda-Rojas

{"title":"Boron-nitrogen fullerenes as electrocatalysts for nitrogen reduction: A computational study of affinity and reaction mechanism","authors":"Sasha Gazzari-Jara , Diego Cortés-Arriagada , Ernesto Chigo-Anota , Sebastián Miranda-Rojas","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current industrial methods for producing ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) are energy intensive and result in significant carbon dioxide emissions. To address this challenge, we propose the use of a boron nitride (BN) structure, B<sub>16</sub>N<sub>12</sub>, as an efficient electrocatalyst for synthesizing NH<sub>3</sub>. Our research involved density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the interaction between N<sub>2</sub> molecules and the B<sub>16</sub>N<sub>12</sub> surface. We found that the catalyst’s cationic state effectively captures and activates N<sub>2</sub> molecules. This interaction is stabilized by specific bonding configurations and polarization effects, enabling the catalyst to operate effectively at high N<sub>2</sub> concentrations without breaking bonds. The study reveals two N<sub>2</sub> reduction mechanisms, with the alternating pathway being more favorable for NH<sub>3</sub> production, suggesting B<sub>16</sub>N<sub>12</sub> as a sustainable alternative for industrial ammonia synthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 5","pages":"Article 112326"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TransXLT: A novel ZTD prediction method with SASR-based data reconstruction

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112328

Shicheng Xie , Xuexiang Yu , Jiajia Yuan , Xu Yang , Mingfei Zhu , Yuchen Han , Min Wei , Zhongchen Guo

{"title":"TransXLT: A novel ZTD prediction method with SASR-based data reconstruction","authors":"Shicheng Xie , Xuexiang Yu , Jiajia Yuan , Xu Yang , Mingfei Zhu , Yuchen Han , Min Wei , Zhongchen Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional Zenith Tropospheric Delay (ZTD) models often face difficulties in maintaining prediction accuracy under complex meteorological conditions and data loss. To address this, we propose the transformer-xLSTM (TransXLT) model, which integrates spatial-temporal information from global navigation satellite system (GNSS) stations, ERA5 (global atmospheric reanalysis), and GPT3 (empirical ZTD estimation). Missing data are reconstructed using a sparse attention-based time series reconstruction (SASR) method. Experimental results show: (1) under a 120-h data loss, SASR reduces mean absolute error (MAE) by 24.5% compared to cubic Hermite interpolation; (2) SASR lowers training root mean square error (RMSE) by 15.1% versus direct data deletion; and (3) TransXLT achieves an average RMSE of 8.13 mm across six sites, reducing RMSE by up to 76.54% compared to benchmarks like CNN-LSTM and ERA5. Demonstrating robustness across varying latitudes, altitudes, and seasons, the model significantly advances ZTD estimation accuracy for GNSS applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 5","pages":"Article 112328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sleep deprivation-induced sympathetic activation promotes pro-tumoral macrophage phenotype via the ADRB2/KLF4 pathway to facilitate NSCLC metastasis

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112321

Shuxian Yin , Jiali Wang , Yunlong Jia , Xiaoyi Wang , Yan Zhao , Tianxu Liu , Wei Lv , Yuqing Duan , Song Zhao , Sheng Wang , Lihua Liu

{"title":"Sleep deprivation-induced sympathetic activation promotes pro-tumoral macrophage phenotype via the ADRB2/KLF4 pathway to facilitate NSCLC metastasis","authors":"Shuxian Yin , Jiali Wang , Yunlong Jia , Xiaoyi Wang , Yan Zhao , Tianxu Liu , Wei Lv , Yuqing Duan , Song Zhao , Sheng Wang , Lihua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sleep deprivation is one of concomitant symptoms of cancer patients, particularly those with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The potential effect of sleep deprivation on tumor progression and underlying mechanisms remain to be fully investigated. Using a sleep-deprived tumor-bearing mouse model, we found that sleep deprivation altered immune cell composition and regulated pro-tumoral M2 macrophage polarization by the sympathetic nervous system. Furthermore, we identified a role of catecholaminergic neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) in influencing NSCLC metastasis. Clinical analyses revealed a correlation between sympathetic-related indicators and poor prognosis. Mechanistically, our findings indicate that sleep deprivation facilitates the polarization of pro-tumoral macrophages by upregulating β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2), which subsequently enhances the expression of Kruppel-like transcription factor 4 (KLF4) through the JAK1/STAT6 phosphorylation pathway. These findings highlight a neuro-immune mechanism linking sleep deprivation to NSCLC metastasis, suggesting that targeting the ADRB2/KLF4 axis could improve outcomes for sleep-deprived NSCLC patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 5","pages":"Article 112321"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perivascular cerebrospinal fluid inflow matches interstitial fluid efflux in anesthetized rats

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112323

Kristian N. Mortensen , Tuomas Lilius , Marko Rosenholm , Björn Sigurðsson , Douglas H. Kelley , Maiken Nedergaard

{"title":"Perivascular cerebrospinal fluid inflow matches interstitial fluid efflux in anesthetized rats","authors":"Kristian N. Mortensen , Tuomas Lilius , Marko Rosenholm , Björn Sigurðsson , Douglas H. Kelley , Maiken Nedergaard","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waste solutes are cleared from the brain via outflow of interstitial fluid (ISF). Blood-brain barrier (BBB) water secretion and inflow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) via perivascular channels have been suggested as potential fluid sources to replace outflowing ISF. To assess the role of CSF inflow in brain clearance, we measured both CSF inflow and ISF outflow in ketamine/dexmedetomidine anesthetized rats. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to track tracer flows after infusion in CSF or ISF. CSF inflow was estimated at 0.5–0.7 μL g<sup>−1</sup> min<sup>−1</sup> using either direct observation of perivascular flow or compartment modeling. ISF outflow was estimated at 0.47 ± 0.05 μL g<sup>−1</sup> min<sup>−1</sup> after intraparenchymal infusion. Our observations indicate that, under the anesthetic condition examined, inflowing CSF is sufficient to replace outflowing ISF, perivascular flow and CSF inflow to interstitium are dominated by convection, and diffusion and convection both contribute to tracer transport within the brain parenchyma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 5","pages":"Article 112323"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global value added and embodied carbon emission transfers driven by lithium battery trade

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112320

Meihui Jiang , Xiaoqing Hao , Bingyan Li , Wenlin Cai , Yanfang Zhang

{"title":"Global value added and embodied carbon emission transfers driven by lithium battery trade","authors":"Meihui Jiang , Xiaoqing Hao , Bingyan Li , Wenlin Cai , Yanfang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The environmental consequences of the production and use of lithium batteries have been widely concerned in recent years. To uncover the environmental costs driven by lithium battery trade, this study traces value added and embodied carbon emission transfers using input-output model and network analysis. First, the results show the significant centralized trends occur as economies’ average exchange partners decreased by 3.0% (value added) and 7.7% (carbon emissions), while transfer volumes surged 6595% and 5953%. Second, Germany and the USA show the most significant value added and carbon emissions in imports, while China dominates exports. Third, imbalanced flows exist: European Union (EU) countries exhibit high valued but low-carbon imports, contrasting with the USA and UK’s low valued but carbon-intensive imports in 2021. Economies bearing notable environmental costs differ between imports (India) and exports (Mexico and Indonesia). These results inform lithium battery supply chain restructuring strategies by quantifying trade-driven environmental-economic linkages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 5","pages":"Article 112320"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapgef3 modulates macrophage reprogramming and exacerbates synovitis and osteoarthritis under excessive mechanical loading

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112131

Wen Tang , Jian-bin Yin , Ren-gui Lin , Chun-yu Wu , Jia-luo Huang , Jin-jian Zhu , Ling-feng Yang , Guang-ming Li , Dao-zhang Cai , Liang-liang Liu , Yan-li Liu , Hai-yan Zhang

{"title":"Rapgef3 modulates macrophage reprogramming and exacerbates synovitis and osteoarthritis under excessive mechanical loading","authors":"Wen Tang , Jian-bin Yin , Ren-gui Lin , Chun-yu Wu , Jia-luo Huang , Jin-jian Zhu , Ling-feng Yang , Guang-ming Li , Dao-zhang Cai , Liang-liang Liu , Yan-li Liu , Hai-yan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence indicates that mechanical loading plays an important role in osteoarthritis (OA) progression, while the specific pathological changes of the synovium under excessive mechanical loading are unclear. Results showed that excessive mechanical loading caused pro-inflammation of synovial macrophages, which has been confirmed to exist in OA. High Rapgef3 expression level was found in RNA sequencing of RAW246.7 subjected to 0.5 Hz and 20% cyclic tensile strain. We verified this in the synovium of patients with OA and destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)-OA mice. Interestingly, the Rapgef3 content of chondrocytes was very low. Primary chondrocytes treated with Rapgef3 alone did not show metabolic phenotype, but an OA phenotype appeared when treated with Rapgef3-stimulated macrophage culture supernatant. Mechanically, excessive mechanical loading activated p65-nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway through Rapgef3, which promoted the inflammation of macrophage, resulting in severe articular cartilage injury. Intra-articular Rapgef3 knockout reversed synovitis and cartilage degeneration, which might provide a therapeutic target for OA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 5","pages":"Article 112131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nano-immunotherapy: Merging immunotherapy precision with nanomaterial delivery

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112319

Thu Ha Ngo , Soumya Menon , Adolfo Rivero-Müller

{"title":"Nano-immunotherapy: Merging immunotherapy precision with nanomaterial delivery","authors":"Thu Ha Ngo , Soumya Menon , Adolfo Rivero-Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In current landscape of cancer treatment, nanotherapy and cellular therapy stand out as promising and innovative approaches. Nanotherapy have excelled in delivering functional molecules effectively to target cancer cells, however the targetability is mostly the result of the enhanced permeability and retention effect. Meanwhile, cellular therapies such recently emerging chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy are proficient at specifically targeting cancer cells by using engineered receptors on T cells. Yet, cellular therapies preform poor in solid tumors due to immunosuppression and cancer cell resistance to immuno-stimulation, in other words their delivery of deadly cargo is deficient. Therefore, combining nanotherapy and immunotherapy is an emerging trend, with ongoing clinical trials exploring their synergistic effects. This 2-input approach holds promise for enhancing treatment efficacy and overcoming limitations in cancer therapy. In this review, we will discuss two aspects: targetability and delivery for each individual therapy and what the combined nano-immunotherapy strategies have achieved up to now. In the last section, some future perspectives for this combination are suggested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 5","pages":"Article 112319"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulation of pericentromeric DNA loop size via Scc2-cohesin interaction 通过 Scc2 与聚合酶的相互作用调节近中心染色单体 DNA 环的大小

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112322

Sao Anh Nguyen , Toyonori Sakata , Katsuhiko Shirahige , Takashi Sutani

引用次数: 0

What is “efficiency” in plasma chemical processes?

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112297

Charan R. Nallapareddy , Thomas C. Underwood

引用次数: 0

A theoretical rethinking of ecosystem services from the perspective of social-ecological system

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112309

Wei Jiang , Rainer Marggraf

{"title":"A theoretical rethinking of ecosystem services from the perspective of social-ecological system","authors":"Wei Jiang , Rainer Marggraf","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecosystem service (ES) research has grown rapidly, but emergent concepts such as disservices, supply-demand, relationships, and flows remain fragmented. An increasing consensus emphasizes that ecosystems cannot deliver services without human inputs, positioning ES as coproducts of coupled social-ecological systems (SES). This necessitates a theoretical rethinking of ES concepts from an SES perspective to advance comprehensive ES science. Through the SES lens, ES quantity and value are redefined as interactions between ecosystem supply and human demand. ES relationships are clarified by distinguishing inherent bundle characteristics from SES-level equilibria, which underpin cross-system flows. The framework integrates these advances by grounding ES in human-ecosystem interdependence, linking supply-demand dynamics to ES realization, resolving ambiguities in relationships through equilibrium analysis, and framing flows as outcomes of SES equilibria. By unifying these concepts, the framework addresses current inconsistencies and charts future research priorities: optimizing supply-demand balance, analyzing SES equilibria mechanisms, and modeling cross-system flow pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 5","pages":"Article 112309"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0