iScience最新文献_第5页

Porphyran from discolored nori prevents metabolic syndrome through microbiota-bile acid-ceramide pathway 变色海苔卟啉通过微生物-胆汁酸-神经酰胺途径预防代谢综合征

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112603

Yoko Yokoyama , Yoko Takashina , Jean-David Morel , Tanon Taworntawat , Naho Kitamura , Utana Nagano , Tatsuya Tanigaki , Anna Nakamura , Teruo Miyazaki , Hiroki Taoka , Adrienne Mottis , Alessia Perino , Atsushi Shinjo , Norihiro Suzuki , Setsuo Takekawa , Shinji Fukuda , Akira Honda , Kenji Ishihara , Makoto Arita , Kazuo Tsubota , Mitsuhiro Watanabe

{"title":"Porphyran from discolored nori prevents metabolic syndrome through microbiota-bile acid-ceramide pathway","authors":"Yoko Yokoyama , Yoko Takashina , Jean-David Morel , Tanon Taworntawat , Naho Kitamura , Utana Nagano , Tatsuya Tanigaki , Anna Nakamura , Teruo Miyazaki , Hiroki Taoka , Adrienne Mottis , Alessia Perino , Atsushi Shinjo , Norihiro Suzuki , Setsuo Takekawa , Shinji Fukuda , Akira Honda , Kenji Ishihara , Makoto Arita , Kazuo Tsubota , Mitsuhiro Watanabe","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nori is a component of the traditional Japanese diet. The Japanese have a low prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular disease worldwide, and components of nori may have disease-preventive effects. Here, we focused on porphyran, which is abundant in nori that is discarded due to discoloration, and investigated the effects of nori-derived porphyran on gut microbiota, bile acid composition, and ceramide synthesis. Administration of porphyran to mice prevented obesity, diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This improvement correlates with a decrease in secondary bile acids, a decrease in intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling, and a marked decrease in blood ceramide. Porphyran, abundant in discolored nori, should be the subject of future translational research to prevent diseases with significant unmet medical needs and improve global environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112603"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved all photonics diffraction neural network based on multi-channel integrated optical fibers 基于多通道集成光纤的改进全光子衍射神经网络

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112596

Jiakang Zhu , Qichang An , Fei Yang

{"title":"Improved all photonics diffraction neural network based on multi-channel integrated optical fibers","authors":"Jiakang Zhu , Qichang An , Fei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AI’s exponentially growing computational demands conflict with slow hardware advances. The high-power consumption and long training times of large-scale models call for alternative solutions. Optical computing-based traditional optical networks and diffractive deep neural network (D<sup>2</sup>NN) still face deployment challenges and reliance on electronic networks. To address these issues, we replace the free-space interlayer propagation in conventional optical networks with fiber-based propagation. This preserves the advantages of traditional optical networks while providing additional benefits such as ease of deployment, reduced dependence on electronic networks, and enhanced robustness. Experimental results demonstrate that this untrained structure exhibits strong nonlinear mapping capabilities across different configurations, yielding distinct outputs for three input targets, especially at 1550 nm. Furthermore, the influence of environment and noise is around 1% in target recognition. Leveraging inherent spectral discrimination, this architecture enables multidimensional target identification with important implications for complex target classification and multidimensional sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112596"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deleterious mitochondrial heteroplasmies exhibit increased longitudinal change in variant allele fraction 有害线粒体异质在变异等位基因部分表现出增加的纵向变化

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112590

Lieke M. Kuiper , Wen Shi , Joost A.M. Verlouw , Yun Soo Hong , Pascal Arp , Daniela Puiu , Linda Broer , Jiaqi Xie , Charles Newcomb , Stephen S. Rich , Kent D. Taylor , Jerome I. Rotter , Joel S. Bader , Eliseo Guallar , Joyce B.J. van Meurs , Dan E. Arking

{"title":"Deleterious mitochondrial heteroplasmies exhibit increased longitudinal change in variant allele fraction","authors":"Lieke M. Kuiper , Wen Shi , Joost A.M. Verlouw , Yun Soo Hong , Pascal Arp , Daniela Puiu , Linda Broer , Jiaqi Xie , Charles Newcomb , Stephen S. Rich , Kent D. Taylor , Jerome I. Rotter , Joel S. Bader , Eliseo Guallar , Joyce B.J. van Meurs , Dan E. Arking","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A common feature of human aging is the acquisition of somatic mutations, and mitochondria are particularly prone to mutation, leading to a state of mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy. Cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that detection of heteroplasmy increases with participant age, a phenomenon that has been attributed to genetic drift. In this large-scale longitudinal study, we measured heteroplasmy in two prospective cohorts (combined <em>n</em> = 1404) at two time points (mean time between visits, 8.6 years), demonstrating that deleterious heteroplasmies were more likely to increase in variant allele fraction (VAF). We further demonstrated that increase in VAF was associated with increased risk of overall mortality. These results challenge the claim that somatic mtDNA mutations arise mainly due to genetic drift, instead suggesting a role for positive selection for a subset of predicted deleterious mutations at the cellular level, despite a negative impact of these mutations on overall mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112590"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the importance of environmental justice variables for predicting energy burden in the contiguous United States 探索环境正义变量对预测美国邻近地区能源负担的重要性

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112559

Jasmine Garland , Kyri Baker , Balaji Rajagopalan , Ben Livneh

{"title":"Exploring the importance of environmental justice variables for predicting energy burden in the contiguous United States","authors":"Jasmine Garland , Kyri Baker , Balaji Rajagopalan , Ben Livneh","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The United States is one of the largest energy consumers per capita, requiring households to have adequate energy expenditures to keep up with modern demand regardless of financial cost. This paper investigates energy burden, defined as the ratio of household energy expenditures to household income. There is a lack of research on creating equitable policies for energy-burdened communities, including environmental justice indicators and community characteristics that could be used to predict and understand energy burden, along with socioeconomic status, building characteristics, and power outages, beneficial to policymakers, engineers, and advocates. Here, generalized additive models and random forests are explored for energy burden prediction using the original dataset and principal components, followed by a leave-one-column-out (LOCO) analysis to investigate indicator influence, with 25 identical indicators out of 42 appearing in the top 100 models. The generalized additive models generally outperform the random forests, with the best-performing model yielding a coefficient of determination of 0.92.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112559"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors considerably affect the salivary microbiome in patients with Alzheimer’s disease 乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂显著影响阿尔茨海默病患者唾液微生物组

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112593

Daisuke Hisamatsu , Hiroaki Masuoka , Haruka Takeshige-Amano , Rina Kurokawa , Yusuke Ogata , Wataru Suda , Taku Hatano , Daisuke Asaoka , Yo Mabuchi , Yuna Naraoka , Nobuhiro Sato , Takashi Asada , Nobutaka Hattori , Masahira Hattori , Chihiro Akazawa

{"title":"Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors considerably affect the salivary microbiome in patients with Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Daisuke Hisamatsu , Hiroaki Masuoka , Haruka Takeshige-Amano , Rina Kurokawa , Yusuke Ogata , Wataru Suda , Taku Hatano , Daisuke Asaoka , Yo Mabuchi , Yuna Naraoka , Nobuhiro Sato , Takashi Asada , Nobutaka Hattori , Masahira Hattori , Chihiro Akazawa","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbiome alterations are reportedly linked to systemic disease progression and medication. However, the effects of central nervous system drugs on the microbiome of patients with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease, are poorly understood. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the effects of medication on the salivary and gut microbiomes of patients with Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease. Comparative analyses of the effects of disease severity and drug use revealed that anti-dementia (DE) drugs, particularly acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, had a greater effect on compositional changes in the salivary microbiome than on those in the gut microbiome. Multivariate analyses incorporating anti-DE drug use showed that microbial signatures may serve as promising disease biomarkers, enabling the development of more precise predictors of cognitive function. Our findings will facilitate the advancement of diagnostic tools leveraging the salivary microbiome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112593"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The maternal vGluT2 and embryonic mGluR3 signaling relay system controls offspring wing dimorphism in pea aphid 母代vGluT2和胚胎mGluR3信号传递系统控制着豌豆蚜虫后代翅膀的二态性

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112591

Yiyang Yuan , Yanyan Wang , Wanwan Ye , Liqiang Xie , Erliang Yuan , Huijuan Guo , Shifan Wang , Fang Dong , Keyan Zhu-Salzman , Feng Ge , Yucheng Sun

{"title":"The maternal vGluT2 and embryonic mGluR3 signaling relay system controls offspring wing dimorphism in pea aphid","authors":"Yiyang Yuan , Yanyan Wang , Wanwan Ye , Liqiang Xie , Erliang Yuan , Huijuan Guo , Shifan Wang , Fang Dong , Keyan Zhu-Salzman , Feng Ge , Yucheng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aphid wing dimorphism is a textbook example of transgenerational phenotypic plasticity, but the signaling mechanism from mother to daughter remains unclear. We showed that the physical contact and crowding treatment caused high proportion of winged offspring in the pea aphid <em>Acyrthosiphon pisum</em>. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis indicated that the expression of brain <em>vesicular glutamate transporter 2</em> (<em>ApvGluT2</em>) and embryonic <em>metabotropic glutamate receptor 3</em> (<em>ApmGluR3</em>) were increased by physical contact and crowding treatments. Knockdown of either gene inhibited phosphorylation of ApFoxO in embryos. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) showed that dephosphorylated ApFoxO directly bound to the promotor of <em>hedgehog</em> (<em>ApHh</em>) to repress its transcription in stage 20 embryos, causing a lower winged proportion. Our results demonstrated that brain <em>vGluT2</em> and embryonic <em>mGluR3</em> coordinately relayed the maternal physical contact signals and control wing development in offspring, showcasing a regulatory mechanism underlying physical contact-dependent, transgenerational wing dimorphism in aphids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112591"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promoting health equity: Role of perceived neighborhood built environment in rural community resilience to pandemics 促进卫生公平：感知邻里建成环境在农村社区抵御流行病能力中的作用

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112594

Xiaowan Dong , Yuhui Xu , Huifang Zhai

{"title":"Promoting health equity: Role of perceived neighborhood built environment in rural community resilience to pandemics","authors":"Xiaowan Dong , Yuhui Xu , Huifang Zhai","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted how socioeconomic disparities exacerbate rural health inequalities, demanding enhanced rural community resilience in socioeconomic dimensions. While cross-sectional nonpandemic evidence supports the impacts of the perceived neighborhood built environment (NBE) on these dimensions, whether the NBE influences these dimensions in a pandemic context and their potential two-way correlations remain unclear. Herein, we use a cross-lagged analysis of Chinese longitudinal data to investigate the associations between the perceived NBE and these dimensions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results indicate that rural communities with better prepandemic NBE perceptions generally exhibit greater socioeconomic resilience during the pandemic. However, in more disadvantaged western rural communities, the perceived NBE and community-level economic resilience are negatively correlated. Prepandemic individual-level socioeconomic resilience positively affects during-pandemic NBE perceptions, suggesting a reciprocal relationship. Our findings underscore the socioeconomic role of the perceived NBE in promoting the pandemic resilience and health equity of rural communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112594"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Gd doping on Cu2Sn1-xGdxS3 thin film solar cell Gd掺杂对Cu2Sn1-xGdxS3薄膜太阳能电池性能的影响

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112597

Şilan Baturay , Serap Yiğit Gezgin , M. Zafer Köylü , Mohamed A. Basyooni-M. Kabatas , Hamdi Şükür Kiliç

{"title":"Influence of Gd doping on Cu2Sn1-xGdxS3 thin film solar cell","authors":"Şilan Baturay , Serap Yiğit Gezgin , M. Zafer Köylü , Mohamed A. Basyooni-M. Kabatas , Hamdi Şükür Kiliç","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of the Gd/Sn composition ratio of Cu<sub>2</sub>Sn<sub>1-x</sub>Gd<sub>x</sub>S<sub>3</sub> is examined. The films are fabricated on glass substrates in a sulfur atmosphere via the spin coating. The influence of the Gd/Sn composition ratio on the structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of the films is investigated using X-ray diffraction, FESEM, UV-Vis, and Hall effect. XRD patterns for the films revealed that all films have a monoclinic polycrystalline. The morphological and optical properties of the films show the formation of spherical grains and polygonal structures with an energy band in the range of 2.10–1.50 eV. The electrical properties of the films are changed by increasing the Gd/Sn composition ratio in the film. Furthermore, the Cu<sub>2</sub>Sn<sub>1-x</sub>Gd<sub>x</sub>S<sub>3</sub>/CdS heterojunction solar cell was modeled by SCAPS-1D. The optimized conditions yielded exceptional photovoltaic parameters, achieving an open-circuit voltage of 0.7885 V, short circuit current density of 41.09 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, fill factor of 85.30%, and an efficiency of 27.3%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112597"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

JNK signaling coordinates epithelial cell turnover through exocytosis in Drosophila ribosomal protein mutants 在果蝇核糖体蛋白突变体中，JNK信号通过胞外作用协调上皮细胞的周转

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112587

Nanami Akai , Yoshimasa Yagi , Tatsushi Igaki , Shizue Ohsawa

{"title":"JNK signaling coordinates epithelial cell turnover through exocytosis in Drosophila ribosomal protein mutants","authors":"Nanami Akai , Yoshimasa Yagi , Tatsushi Igaki , Shizue Ohsawa","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Robust tissue growth is orchestrated by the precise coordination of cell death and cell proliferation. In the developing wing pouches of <em>Drosophila Minute</em>/+ animals, both cell death and compensatory cell proliferation are increased, thereby contributing to robust growth of mutant tissue. Here, we show that JNK-mediated elevation of exocytosis in dying cells is crucial for triggering cell turnover in <em>M/+</em> wing morphogenesis. Mechanistically, elevated JNK signaling in dying cells upregulates exocytosis-related genes and Wingless (Wg), leading to enhanced Wg secretion. Notably, increased exocytosis promotes caspase activation via an exocytosis-Dronc amplification loop, sustaining apoptotic signaling while reinforcing Wg secretion through Dronc activation. Furthermore, this exocytosis-mediated Wg secretion and apoptotic feedback loop universally occurs downstream of JNK signaling, regardless of the genetic background. Overall, our findings provide mechanistic insights into robust tissue growth through the orchestration of cell turnover, primarily via JNK-mediated exocytosis during <em>Drosophila Minute/+</em> wing morphogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112587"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterizing topological properties in 2D textures with magnetic structure tensors 用磁性结构张量表征二维纹理的拓扑性质

IF 4.6 2区综合性期刊

iScience Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112592

Seong Min Park , Tae Jung Moon , Gyunghun Yu , Han Gyu Yoon , Jun Woo Choi , Hee Young Kwon , Changyeon Won

{"title":"Characterizing topological properties in 2D textures with magnetic structure tensors","authors":"Seong Min Park , Tae Jung Moon , Gyunghun Yu , Han Gyu Yoon , Jun Woo Choi , Hee Young Kwon , Changyeon Won","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spin structures, including magnetic skyrmions, have attracted great attention due to their interesting properties caused by their topology. We introduce a magnetic structure tensor as a powerful tool for characterizing topological properties in two-dimensional spin textures. We derived an order parameter from the two orthogonal components of the magnetic structure tensor. The order parameter effectively analyzes the structures of the spin patterns and identifies topological defects such as the end or branching points of linear chiral structures and magnetic skyrmions, as a pole or multipoles composed of topological quantized charges. We present several spin configurations interpreted as topological monopoles, dipoles, and quadrupoles formed by the combination of these topological poles. This approach provides valuable insights into defect distribution and interactions, validated through both simulations and experimental data. Moreover, the approach can be generally applied for effective analysis of self-organized patterns such as fingerprints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":342,"journal":{"name":"iScience","volume":"28 6","pages":"Article 112592"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0