Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism最新文献

{"title":"Interaksi Filsafat Islam dan Irfan dalam Ḥikmah Muta’aliyah","authors":"Abulfazel Kiashemshaki","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.55","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : In early period of Islamic thoughts, Philosophy and Irfan were acting as if two opposite poles which are difficult, if not to say impossible, to reconcile. Philosophy more emphasizes on discursive reason as an instrument, while Irfan more believes in intuitive witnessing (mukāsyafah) and puts reason in doubt, to disclose the ultimate reality. However, Muslim philosophers  through their deep investigations on both realms tried to end the controversy and to reconcile between them. This spirit has been started by a great philosopher, Suhrawardi, by means of his philosophical thoughts well-known by Illuminationism (Ḥikmah Isyraqiyyah) and found its perfect formulation in the hands of prominent philosopher, Mulla Sadra, with his Ḥikmah Muta’aliyah. This writing tries to adduce some knots of interaction between Islamic Philosophy and Irfan which were formulated by Mulla Sadra in his special and brilliant theories. He succeeded to combine some great thoughts of philosophers and ‘urafā’ in one construction of hikmah, in such a way it can create a harmony which completes each other. Keywords :  ḥikmah muta’aliyah, discursive reason, intuitive  witnessing, ḥikmah dzauqiyyah, ḥikmah bahtsiah.  Abstrak : Filsafat dan Irfan pada periode awal pemikiran Islam tampak seolah-olah dua kutub berlawanan yang sulit, jika tidak  dikatakan tidak mungkin, untuk dipertemukan. Untuk  menyingkap hakikat, Filsafat lebih menitikberatkan akal  diskursif sebagai instrumen, sementara Irfan lebih percaya  kepada penyaksian intuitif (mukāasyafah) dan meragukan akal.  Namun demikian, para filosof filsuf Muslim dengan kedalaman telaah mereka terhadap kedua ranah tersebut telah berusaha  mengakhiri pertentangan dan mendamaikan keduanya. Semangat ini telah dimulai oleh seorang filosof filsuf besar, Suhrawardi, dengan pemikiran filsafat Iluminasionismenya (Ḥikmah Isyraqiyyah) dan menemukan bentuknya yang lebih sempurna di tangan seorang filosof filsuf ternama, Mulla Sadra, dengan Ḥikmah Muta’aliyahnya. Tulisan ini berusaha untuk menunjukkan simpul-simpul interaksi pemikiran Filsafat Islam dan Irfan yang digagas oleh Mulla Sadra dalam teori-teorinya  yang khas dan brillian. Ia berhasil memadukan berbagai  pemikiran besar filosof filsuf dan ‘urafā’ dalam satu bangunan hikmah sehingga tercipta suatu keharmonisan yang saling menyempurnakan dari kedua ranah tersebut. Kata-kata Kunci : ḥikmah muta’aliyah, akal diskursif, penyaksian intuitif, ḥikmah dzauqiyyah, ḥikmah bahtsiah.","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"76 1","pages":"61-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86652244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sciences and Values","authors":"I. Rakhmat","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.59","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : Pemisahan antara nilai-nilai moral dan sains adalah suatu ilusi yang muncul dari pandangan yang tidak tepat bahwa hanya agama yang dapat menghasilkan moralitas. Dengan keliru dikatakan bahwa sains kena-mengena hanya dengan fakta-fakta  dan teori-teori, bukan dengan nilai-nilai; dan hanya  agama-agama yang dapat menangani nilai-nilai. Kita tahu bahwa moyang kita yang hidup dalam zaman kuno untuk waktu yang sangat panjang dapat hidup bermoral kendatipun mereka tidak punya agama-agama. Dalam zaman modern ini kita, dengan demikian, dapat juga hidup bahkan dengan lebih bermoral lagi sekalipun tanpa agama-agama. Dengan menggunakan berbagai sains modern, pikiran, berbagai pengalaman dalam kehidupan kita, dan intuisi, kita juga dapat merancang bangun pandangan-pandangan moral sekular mengenai segala sesuatu untuk memandu kita dalam kehidupan kita yang kompleks. Keywords : moralitas, manusia, non-manusia, agama, etika sekuler, welas asih, evolusi, pendekatan-pendekatan interdisipliner, intuisi, nalar, sains Abstract :  The separation of moral values and sciences is an illusion resulting from the incorrect view that only religions can produce morality. It is said wrongly that sciences concern only with facts and theories, not with values; only religions are able to deal with values. We know that ancient humans for a very long time were able to live morally even though they had no religions. We in the modern era are therefore able too even more. Using our modern sciences, mind, life experiences, and intuition, we too can construct secular moral views regarding everything to direct us in our complex lives. Keywords : human morality, non-human morality, religion, secular ethics, compassion, evolution, interdisciplinary approaches, intuition, reason, science.","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"144 1","pages":"116-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77548271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Agency in Islamic Moral Reasoning","authors":"Muhammad Syifa Amin Widigdo","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.57","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak : Konsep “human agency” pada umumnya dikaitkan kemampuan otonom manusia untuk menentukan pilihan dan  tindakannya sendiri, kemampuan manusia untuk memberikan  perlawanan terhadap kemapanan, atau ketertundukan diri manusia terhadap suatu otoritas atau aturan tertentu. Dalam konteks tradisi pemikiran hukum Islam, human agency ternyata tidak hanya terdapat dalam bentuk ketertundukan diri terhadap otoritas teks al-Qur’an dan hadis, tapi juga ada bentuk-bentuk yang lainnya. Tulisan saya ini berusaha untuk menunjukkan bahwa dalam tradisi uṣūl fiqh terdapat kaidah-kaidah hukum yang memberikan ruang bagi berkembangnya teori human agency tidak hanya berorientasi pada keniscayaan manusia untuk tunduk terhadap otoritas teks keagamaan, tapi juga konsep human agency yang  berbasis pada otonomi dan semangat anti kamapanan dalam diri  manusia. Dengan mengupas konsep-konsep dalam usul fiqih seperti qiyās,  istiḥsān, istiṣlāḥ, dan istiṣḥāb, kita akan mengetahui bahwa tindakan etik seseorang dalam Islam tidak semata bersumber dari teks keagamaan tetapi juga berdasarkan pemikiran otonom manusia yang pada ujungnya melahirkan konsep-konsep human agency yang lebih kontekstual, bukan tekstual. Kata kunci :  human agency, otonomi manusia, otoritas teks religius, uṣūl fiqh, nalar syari‘at Abstract : The notion of human agency is generally associated with human capability to be autonomous in making choices and action, the human ability to make acts of resistance toward certain hegemonic and established rules or authorities. In the context of the tradition of Islamic legal thought, human agency is not merely contained in the term of human submission to the transmitted authority of the Quran and hadith, but also in another forms. This paper tries to show that there are legal maxims in the tradition of uṣūl fiqh that enable for the development of the idea of human agency which does not merely have an orientation to the human necessity of submission to the religious scriptural authority, but also the concept of human agency which based on human nature to be autonomous and  resistant. While elaborating some concepts in the uṣūl fiqh such as qiyās, istiḥsān, istiṣlāḥ, and istiṣḥāb we would find out that one’s ethical act in Islam does not merely proceed from religious scripture but it is also based on the human’s autonomous thoughts which would culminate in the emerging of more contextual, not textual, concepts of human agency. Keywords : Human agency, human autonomous capability,  religious scriptural authority, uṣūl fiqh, shariʿa reasoning","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"68 1","pages":"94-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75970752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etika Kepedulian : Welas Asih Dalam Tindakan Moral","authors":"Yeremias Jena","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.51","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : Compassion in ethical discourse is used to describe the attitudes and actions of moral agent in helping the vulnerables and the suffering. Discourse around compassion generally focused on whether compassion is an attitude of sympathy or empathy, or it is the attitude of compassion derived from an altruistic attitude which is inherent in intelligent being. This paper argues that compassion is realized only in the context of ethics of care. For that reason, the paper will first distinguish simpaty from empathy and contextualize them within the realm of altruism. At the same time this approach plays the role of criticizing emotive ethics of David Hume and Kantian ethics which is attacked by Kantian ethics as heteronomous. Keywords : sympathy, empathy, altruism, epiphanic experience, caring encounters, care ethics Abstrak : Sikap welas asih (compassion) dalam diskursus etika digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan sikap dan tindakan moral menolong sesama yang rentan dan menderita. Diskursus seputar sikap welas asih umumnya difokuskan pada apakah sikap tersebut adalah bagian dari sikap simpati atau empati? Atau, apakah sikap welas asih adalah wujud dari sikap altruistik yang umumnya dimiliki makhluk hidup berperasaan dan berinteligensi? Tulisan ini pertama-tama akan menunjukkan bahwa sikap welas asih lebih dekat dengan konsep dan sikap simpati. Untuk memahami hal ini, pembedaannya dengan empati akan dikemukakan. Di atas semuanya itu, sikap welas asih (simpati) dan empati dibedakan juga dari sikap altruistik manusia. Melalui tulisan ini akan ditunjukkan pula bahwa hanya melalui etika kepedulian (ethics of care) kita dapat memahami welas asih sebagai sikap dan tindakan moral. Ini sekaligus menjadi kritik tajam terhadap etika Humean yang terlalu memuja perasaan moral dan etika Kantian yang menghojat emosi atau perasaan moral sebagai etika manusia heteronom. Kata kunci : Simpati, Empati, Altruisme, Pengalaman epifani, Perjumpaan penuh belas kasih, Etika kepedulian","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"59 29","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72540689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"النظرة المعرفية للوجود في العرفان","authors":"Abdul Aziz Abbacy","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.61","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : Knowledge of the universe is one of the three necessary types of knowledge, i.e.: knowledge of God, knowledge of the Soul and knowledge of the universe. Most of the time we refer to it as (Mabdaa) or the Origin; how the world is created. Or what is known in theology as Creation ex nihilo: where creatures are distinct from their creator who is the First Cause, or in illuminative philosophy as Emanation where creatures pre-existed within the essence of their origin  by  flowing as a consequence of perfection. So we are confronted  with different theories about the universe where so some views will underlie oneness of being while others multiplicity, and in both case we need to explain and justify any resulting theory. So the purpose of this article is to provide a concise explanation about the knowledge related to the universe and tries to justify the claimed oneness of Being in mysticism. Keywords : knowledge of the universe, Essence, names and attributes, fixed entities, oneness, multiplicity","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"25 1","pages":"134-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73925436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diskursus Akhlak dalam Filsafat Mulla Sadra","authors":"Thuba Kermani","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.56","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : In Mulla Sadra’s system of thought, the discussion of  philosophy of  moral (ethics), morality, the nature of morality and matters related, that is the soul (nafs) and the spirit, is not a short discussion. All forms of action and the nature of malakah imprinted in the human psyche that will participate in the world hereafter. Therefore, some of the matters of the soul is a postulate of science of moral. Yet despite the differences in the ethics’s school of thoughts, it can be said that almost Muslim philosophers agree to the connection of moral with the perfection of soul. And the foundation of moral questions rests on the principle of perfection of the soul and the effects of the moral act. Without them, there will be no perfect rational and philosophical explanations of the good and bad character. However, in understanding how the process of perfection of the soul through moral acts, it is necessary to understand the perfection of the soul and make it a goal for human. Keywords : philosophy of moral, science of moral, theoretical reasoning, practical reasoning, intuition, meta-ethics.  Abstrak : Dalam  struktur  pemikiran Mulla Sadra pembahasan  filsafat  akhlak,  akhlak,  sifat-sifat akhlak dan  hal yang berkaitan  dengannya,  yaitu  jiwa  (nafs) dan ruh, bukan  pembahasan  yang  ringkas. Segala bentuk tindakan dan sifat malakah yang terpatri dalam jiwa manusia akan menyertainya di alam akhirat kelak. Oleh karena itu  sebagian  dari  persoalan-persoalan  jiwa  merupakan  postulat  ilmu  akhlak.  Namun  meskipun  terdapat perbedaan dalam aliran-aliran pemikiran filsafat akhlak, dapat dikatakan hampir semua filsuf Islam sepakat bahwa akhlak berkaitan dengan kesempurnaan jiwa. Dan fondasi persoalan-persoalan akhlak bersandar pada prinsip kesempurnaan jiwa dan pengaruh dari perbuatan akhlak. Tanpa hal itu, penjelasan rasional dan filosofis atas kebaikan dan keburukan akhlak tidak akan sempurna. Bagaimanapun juga, dalam memahami bagaimana proses kesempurnaan jiwa melalui perbuatan-perbuatan akhlak, perlu untuk memahami kesempurnaan jiwa dan menjadikannya sebagai tujuan bagi diri manusia. Kata-kata Kunci : filsafat akhlak, ilmu akhlak, akal teori, akal praktis, jiwa, intuisi, meta-etika.","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"114 1","pages":"78-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80212525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etika Lingkungan dalam Perspektif Teori Kesatuan Wujud Teosofi Transenden","authors":"Muhammad Yasser","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.54","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : The study of environmental ethics based on the theory of oneness of being of Transcendent Theosophy has frontally criticizes modern scientific paradigm which is anthropocentric in character. This particular perspective believes that only man who posses value in itself (intrinsic value), while other being posses only instrumental value in relation to man interests. On the other hand, it also criticizes the ecocentric perspective which considers nature to posses her own value independently from man. The principle of oneness of being (wahdat al-wujūd) is the main (ontological) argumentation used by muslim philosophers, including Mulla Sadra as the founder of Transcendent Theosophy, in answering all cosmological questions and concerns throughout the ages. The Transcendent Theosophy itself is a (relatively) new perspective in the tradition of Islamic philosophy, which is based on a creative synthesis and harmonization of nearly all the earlier schools. Keywords : oneness of being, transcendent theosophy, anthropocentrism, ecocentrism, theocentrism, ontocentrism Abstrak : Etika lingkungan berdasarkan pada kesatuan wujud Teosofi Transenden merupakan kritik terhadap paradigma modern yang bercorak antroposentris. Perspektif ini memiliki keyakinan bahwa hanya manusia yang memiliki nilai di dalam dirinya (nilai intrinsik) sedang nilai yang terdapat pada alam semata instrumental dalam kaitannya dengan kepentingan manusia. Di sisi lain ia juga mengkritik pandangan ekosentrisme yang memandang alam memiliki nilainya sendiri terlepas dari kepentingan manusia. Prinsip kesatuan wujud (oneness of being, waḥdat al-wujūd) merupakan argumentasi ontologis para filsuf Muslim, termasuk di dalamnya Mulla Sadra sebagai pendiri aliran Teosofi Transenden. Teosofi Transenden sendiri merupakan perspektif yang relatif baru dalam tradisi filsafat Islam yang mendasarkan dirinya pada sintesis-kreatif dan harmonisasi semua aliran filsafat. Kata-kata  Kunci : kesatuan wujud, teosofi transenden,  antroposentrisme, ekosentrisme, teosentrisme, ontosentrisme .","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"2 1","pages":"47-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81928691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Islamic Moral Life and Threats To It","authors":"M. Javadi","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.60","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak : Islam memahami konsep kehidupan bermoral dalam rangka olah jiwa demi memenuhi syarat menjadi dekat dengan  Tuhan, yang transenden. Untuk itu, alih-alih memahami  realisasi-diri seseorang sebagai alasan untuk mewujudkan atau selaras dengan hasrat dirinya, sebagaimana telah umum diterima di dunia modern, Islam memandang realisasi diri sebagai hasil dari upaya kontrol diri, dengan mengatasi hasrat aktual dan meningkatkan kehendaknya dalam mewujudkan keselarasan antara aspek psikis (jiwa) --mencakup aktivitas emosional (hati) dan teoritis (nalar) dan aspek fisik (raga)-- berupa tindakan praktis (aksi). Kondisi yang diperlukan bagi kedua aspek tersebut terumuskan dalam istilah “iman” dan “amal saleh.” Kata kunci: ibadah, moralitas (akhlaq) Islam, iman, amal salih, olah jiwa, subjektifisme, relativisme cultural, keraguan, sektarianisme, ketidakadilan. Abstract : Islam comprehends the concept of moral life in the term of cultivate of soul to be eligible for drawing near to the transcendent reality, Allah. For that aim, instead of understanding self-realization as permission to submit to one’s appetites, as commonly accepted in modern world, Islam considers self-realization as fruit of self-control by transcending his actual desires and improving his will to make a harmony between psychial aspect (soul) --that covers emotional (heart) and theoretical (reason) activity - and physical aspect (body) – i.e. practical activity (action). The required state of both aspect are formulated in the term “faith” (iman)  and “righteous deeds”  (amal Salih). Keywords : worship of God (ibadah), Islamic morality (akhlaq),  faith (iman), righteous deeds (amal salih), cultivation of soul, subjectivism, cultural relativism, doubt, sectarianism, injustice.","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"26 1","pages":"125-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85193003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zuhd and Pleasure : A Comparative Account between Imam Ali’s Nahj Al-Balāgha and Moore’s Ethics","authors":"Qusthan Firdaus","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I1.58","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak : Artikel ini mendiskusikan zuhd sebagai sebuah penanda etis (an ethical bon mot) sekaligus membandingkannya dengan argumen Moore mengenai kesenangan. Memaksimalkan output dan meminimalkan input merupakan dua premis dasar yang menyusun zuhd. Keduanya membawa kepada kewajiban positif dan negatif. Kewajiban positif berakar pada hak untuk berekspresi secara bebas sementara kewajiban negatif berakar pada hak untuk bekerja pada lingkungan yang adil dan disukai. Di samping itu, argumen Moore mengenai kesenangan tidak memadai untuk menjadi sebuah penanda etis karena bersifat  subjektif. Dengan demikian, zuhd memiliki kualitas yang lebih baik daripada kesenangan untuk menjadi sebuah penanda etis. Kata Kunci : Zuhud,  pleasure (Kesenangan), Penanda etis, Kewajiban posistif, Kewajiban negatif Abstract : This article discusses about Zuhd as an ethical sign (an ethical bon mot), all at once to compare it with Moor’s argument on pleasure. Maximizing output and minimizing input  constitute two basic premises which composed zuhd. Both of  them lead to positive and negative duties. Positive duty is rooted  on right to express freely, while negative duty is rooted on right  to work in just and prefer domain. Moreover, Moor’s argument  of pleasure is unsufficient to be an ethical sigh, for it is very subjective argument. By this, Zuhd has a better quality than  pleasure to be an ethical sign or marker. Keywords : Zuhud, Pleasure, Ethical bon mot, Positive duties, Negative duties","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"21 1","pages":"104-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84409649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concerning Ibn 'Arabi’s Account of Knowledge of God (Ma’rifa) Al Haqq","authors":"A. Herawati","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V3I2.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V3I2.49","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : This paper tries to reveal the concept of ma’rifa developed by Ibn al-‘Arabi (d. 1260), especially in his magnum opus, Fu ṣūṣ al-Hikam , the late work considered to be the synthesis of his doctrine of metaphysics represented through the wisdom of each prophet; their uniqueness of divinely inspired and their epitome of spiritual perception, concerning the knowledge of God.  It shows the transformative role of the prophet’s messages involving in the deeper creative process of divine-human dialogue, calling and response, that is repeatedly mentioned in the Qur’an. Ibn ‘Arabi emphasized the importance of perceiving the direct relationship between all of creation and the divine Names and Attributes ( al-asmā’ wa-l-sifāt al-ilāhiyyah ), between creation as outward manifestation and as inward spiritual awareness ( rūh ). Everything that exists and is experienced in reality is the manifestation ( tajallī ) of different divine Names. Keywords : Ma’rifa, signs, self, words, prophet, immutable archetypal individual entity ( ‘ayn thābita ), divine self-manifestation ( tajallī ) Abstrak : Tulisan ini mencoba untuk mengungkapkan konsep makrifat yang dikembangkan oleh Ibn ‘Arabi (w. 1260), khususnya dalam magnum opusnya, Fushūsh al-Hikam , karya akhir yang dianggap sintesis doktrin metafisikanya yang diwakili melalui kebijaksanaan setiap nabi; keunikan mereka diilhami secara ilahi dan lambang persepsi spiritual mereka, mengenai pengetahuan tentang Tuhan. Tulisan ini juga menunjukkkan bagaimana peran transformatif dari pesan para nabi selalu melibatkan proses kreatif dalam dialog ilahi-manusia, seruan dan respon, sebagaimana yang berulang kali disebutkan dalam al-Qur’an. Ibn ‘Arabi menekankan pentingnya memahami hubungan langsung antara semua ciptaan dan Nama-nama ilahi dan Sifat ( al-asmā’ wa-l-sifāt al-ilāhiyyah ), antara penciptaan sebagai manifestasi lahiriah dan kesadaran sebagai spiritual batin (ruh). Segala sesuatu yang ada dan dialami pada kenyataannya adalah manifestasi ( tajallī ) dari Nama-nama ilahi yang berbeda.  Kata-kata Kunci : Makrifat , tanda-tanda, diri, kalimat, nabi, entitas permanen, manifestasi diri ( tajallī )","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"11 1","pages":"219-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78775569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}