Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism最新文献

{"title":"Argumen Eksistensi Tuhan Dalam Metafisika Ibn Rusyd Dan St. Thomas Aquinas","authors":"Wardani Wardani","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V5I1.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V5I1.86","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : To establish an argumentation for the existence of God is properly the most crucial as well as complicated effort in the life of religion and faith of human being. There are various approaches and methods have been applicated to reach it by theologians, thinkers, and scientists, including philosophers with their demonstrative-philosophical method. Some arguments which were initiated by Aristotle are ones of the most popular and have been adopted and improved as well by many thinkers and philosophers after him, some arguments which proposed by Ibn Rusyd and St. Thomas Aquinas with some modifications and improvisations are the best examples of it. In the case of elaboration and analysis toward those arguments for the existence of God, this article attempts to compare between metaphysical thought of Ibn Rushd (well-known in the West as Averroes) and St. Thomas Aquinas. There is no doubt that both are Aristotelian in their philosophy. Therefore, to seek the similarities and differences, and to analyze the influence of Aristotle on their modes of thought, especially in argumentation for the existence of God, are an urgent point in the way to find more stronger and relevant arguments. Ke ywords: argument of creation (dalīl al-ikhtirā`), teleological argument (dalīl al-‘ināyah), unmoved mover, prime cause, influence, parallelism. Abstrak : Menggagas argumentasi tentang eksistensi Tuhan sejatinya merupakan upaya yang paling krusial sekaligus pelik dalam kehidupan beragama dan kepercayaan umat manusia. Berbagai pendekatan dan metode telah ditempuh untuk meraihnya oleh para teolog, pemikir, dan ilmuwan, termasuk para filsuf dengan pendekatan dan metode demonstratif-filosofisnya. Argumen-argumen yang diprakarsai oleh Aristoteles adalah diantara yang paling populer dan telah diadopsi serta dikembangkan oleh para pemikir dan filsuf setelahnya, tak terkecuali argumen-argumen yang Ibn Rusyd dan St. Thomas Aquinas kemukakan dengan segenap modifikasi dan pengembangan. Dalam rangka mengetengahkan elaborasi dan analisis terhadap argumen-argumen tentang eksistensi Tuhan tersebut, artikel ini berupaya membandingkan antara pemikiran metafisika Ibn Rusyd (yang dikenal di Barat sebagai Averroes) dan St. Thomas Aquinas. Tidak syak lagi bahwa kedua filsuf ini adalah Aristotelian dalam pemikiran filsafat mereka. Oleh karena itu, mencari persamaan-persamaan dan perbedaan-perbedaan, dan selanjutnya menganalisa sejauh mana pengaruh Aristoteles terhadap pola pikir filosofis mereka, khususnya dalam menggagas argumentasi tentang eksistensi Tuhan, adalah hal yang cukup urgen dalam rangka menemukan argumen-argumen yang lebih kuat dan relevan. kata-kata kunci : argumen penciptaan (dalīl al-ikhtirā’), argument pemelihar aan / teleologis ( dalīl al-‘ināyah), penggerak yang tidak bergerak, prima kausa, pengaruh, paralelisme.","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"1 1","pages":"31-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87059970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study Of The Effect Of Human Soul On External Objects : Between Copenhagen School And Mulla Sadra","authors":"A. Riahi","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V5I1.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V5I1.85","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : The theory of the effects of all human souls on external objects, from the viewpoint of Copenhagen School (in Quantum Physics), has made physicists deny the existence of two separate realms of the observer and the observed; they claim that causality is meaningless and profess that it is impossible to recognize the object. While, on the other hand, Mulla Ṣadra believes that the effect of soul on external objects is limited to the souls of prophets as well as saints and, barring evil eye or supplications, there is no such effect in others. In this article we argue that, based on Mulla Ṣadra’s teachings and philosophical doctrine, it is actually possible to generalize this effect to other human souls. Consequently, it is impossible to have an accurate recognition of the causes of events if causality is considered meaningless. In addition, it is feasible to have cognition about these causes of events through gnostic intuition. Keywords :  human soul, external objects, Copenhagen School, Mulla Ṣadra, unity, causality Abstrak :  Teori tentang efek jiwa seluruh manusia terhadap objek-objek eksternal, dari sudut pandang Madzhab Copenhagen (dalam Fisika Kuantum), telah membuat para fisikawan mengingkari keterpisahan dua alam, yaitu subjek dan objek; berdasarkan keyakinan ini, mereka mengklaim bahwa [hukum] kausalitas menjadi gugur dan tidak berguna, dan mereka juga percaya bahwa mengetahui sepenuhnya objek adalah tidak mungkin. Sementara, di tempat lain, Mulla Ṣadra meyakini bahwa jiwa yang berefek terhadap objek-objek eksternal terbatas pada jiwa para nabi dan orang-orang suci. Ia juga meyakini bahwa tidak berefeknya jiwa-jiwa manusia biasa kecuali pada perbuatan-perbuatan seperti yang ia sebut sebagai ‘evil eye’ dan doa. Dalam artikel ini, kami berupaya membuktikan bahwa, berdasarkan ajaran dan doktrin filsafat Mulla Ṣadra, pengaruh (efek) jiwa manusia dapat digeneralisir. Dengan demikian tidak mungkin untuk mengetahui secara akurat sebab-sebab berbagai peristiwa dengan mengatakan bahwa hukum kausalitas adalah tidak berguna. Padahal, sebab-sebab segala sesuatu sangat mungkin diketahui melalui intuisi gnostis. Kata-kata kunci : jiwa manusia, objek-objek eksternal, Madzhab Kopenhagen, Mulla Ṣadra, penyatuan, hukum kausalitas.","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"46 1","pages":"19-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91024110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Complex Relationship Between Sufism And Shi‘Ism As Reflected In The Concept Of Walāyah","authors":"Wahyuddin Halim","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V5I1.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V5I1.88","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak : Tulisan ini mencoba meneliti konsep walāyah dalam tradisi Sufisme dan Syi’isme. Walāyah adalah salah satu prinsip yang paling penting dalam Sufisme dan Syi’isme, menempati status mendasar dalam seluruh struktur doktrin metafisik mereka. Walāyah merupakan ide tentang kelanjutan otoritas spiritual Nabi Muhammad kepada otoritas tertentu setelah beliau mangkat. Berangkat dari sumber-sumber agama yang sama, kedua pihak tampaknya mengembangkan konsep yang sama tentang walāyah dan karakteristik mereka yang layak atas otoritas rohani, meskipun mereka mengartikulasikan konsep tersebut dalam terminologi dan fungsi yang berbeda. K ata-kata  Kunci: Sufisme , Syi’isme, walāyah, manusia sempurna, keimaman (imāmah), penutup para nabi, risalah. Abstract : This paper tries to examine the concept of walāyah in Sufism and Shi’ism. Walāyah is one of the most important principles in both Sufism and Shi’ism, occupying such a fundamental status within the whole structure of their metaphysical doctrines. Walāyah constitutes the idea on the necessary continuation of the spiritual authority of the Prophet Muhammad to particular authorities after the prophet’s death. Drawing from the same religious sources, both parties seem to develop the same concept of what constitutes walāyah and what the characteristics of those who deserve that spiritual authority, although they articulated the concept in different terminologies and functions. Ke ywords : Sufism, Shi’ism, walāyah, perfect man, Imāmate, seal of the prophets, risālat.","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"16 1","pages":"73-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81273629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"العلم الإلهي باالجزئيات مقاربة ابن سينا و صدر المتألهين نموذجا","authors":"السيد خالد سيساوي خميني","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V5I1.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V5I1.89","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : The philosophical problems have closed ties with the principle of tawhid. One of them is the  problem  of 'divine knowledge' about the particular matters. This article shows those problems from the approach of Ibn Sīna and Mulla Ṣadra. Ibn Sīna holds that the Divine Essence knows the particular things in a universal form rather than in a particular. That is to say in the form of causality of forms that manifested in the system of existence ( wujūd ). Mulla Ṣadra on the other hand agrees that the Divine Essence is the forms of everything, without exception. He interprets the knowledge of God to the particular things that exist in the matter without any changing in the Divine knowledge itself, along with the events that turn. Keywords : Divine knowledge of particular things, universal form, matter","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"33 1","pages":"89-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89545299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemikiran Filosofis Sadra Dalam Tafsir Al-Qur’an Al-Karim : Surah Al-’A‘la","authors":"Kerwanto Kerwanto","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I2.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I2.63","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak : Dalam tafsir atas Surah al-’A‘lā, Mulla Sadra, melalui karyanya Tafsīr al Qur’ān al-Karīm, mengajak jiwa kita berpetualang menuju lapisan makna terdalam untuk mengenali realitas ketauhidan ( al- mabdā’ ), kenabian ( shirāth atau nubuwwah ) dan kebangkitan ( ma‘ād ) dan mengulasnya secara filosofis. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu upaya untuk menggali manfaat dari aspek-aspek penting dari sumber-sumber keagamaan yang tergali dari petunjuk al Qur’an yang berpadu dengan prinsip- prinsip rasional filosofis dan pengalaman mistik (intuitif ) Sadra . Setiap bab pada tafsir ini diberikan judul dengan tasbīḥ (pernyataan pemujian dan pensucian), dengan tetap memaparkan beragam pokok persoalan terkait metafisika al-Qur’an. Prinsip-prinsip filosofis yang digunakan dalam risalah tafsir ini bisa menjadi salah satu bukti ketidakberjarakan antara filsafat dengan teks-teks keagamaan. Sadra menggunakan metode tafsir yang tetap menerima sisi lahiriah al-Qur’an, dan selanjutnya mencari misteri-misteri, rahasia-rahasia, dan dengan bantuan intelek (akal), intuisi dan iluminasi Tuhan untuk memperoleh realitas-realitas dan makna- makna dibalik selaput ekternalnya (aspek literalnya) Kata kunci : Ḥikmah Muta’āliyah, irfan, al-mabdā’, kebangkitan setelah mati, nubuwwah, takwīl, gerak substansial (ḥarakah jawhariyyah), denotasi utama (al-maqshūd al-ashlī), penyempurnaan diri (takammul), tasbīḥ. Abstract : In his commentary on Surah al-’ A‘lā , Mulla Sadra, through his Tafsīr al-Qur’ān al-Karīm invites our souls to ventureinto the deepest layers of meaning to recognize the reality of Divinity ( al- mabdā’ ), prophethood ( Ṣirāṭ or nubuwwah ) and resurrection ( ma‘ād ) and discusses it in a more philosophical manner. This study is an attempt to explore the benefits of these important aspects of religious sources unearthed from Qur’anic injunctions combined with rational principles of philosophical and mystical experiences (intuitive) of Sadra . Each chapter in this commentary is assigned a title with tasbīḥ (glorification), while presenting various issues related to metaphysics of Qur’an.Thephilosophical principles used in the interpretation of this treatise could be a proof of harmony between philosophy and religious texts. This kind of interpretation accepts the literal meaning ( ẓāhir ) of lafaẓ al Qur’ān , and then with the aid of reason, intuition and revelation uncover the reality behind them; the search for the secrets behind the literal sense. Keywords : Ḥikmah Muta’āliyah, irfān,  al-mabdā’, ma‘ād, nubuwwah, ta’wīl, substantial motion (ḥarakah jawhariyyah), original meaning (al-maqṣūd al-aṣlī), perfection (takammul), tasbīḥ.","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"6 1","pages":"127-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87696860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Konspirasi Media Massa dan Pengembalian Bahasa Pada Hakikatnya: sebuah Penerapan Metode Analisis Tindak Tutur Komunikasi","authors":"Wahyu Wibowo","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I2.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I2.66","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak : Abad ke-21 dapat disebut sebagai Abad Bahasa, mengingat kehidupan manusia dewasa ini tidak dapat dilepaskan dari pelbagai bentuk media massa. Akan tetapi, terkait dengan pengonstruksian fakta dan realitas, apalagi jika dilumuri oleh ego-sentris subjek-subjek di balik media massa tersebut, kerap terjadi bias pemberitaan yang memicu problem etis. Artinya, terjadi konspirasi di balik pemberitaan yang berdampak pada pengerdilan fungsi media massa sebagai wadah pendidikan politik bagi rakyat dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Demi membongkar konspirasi tersebut dibutuhkan metode analisis teks media yang baru, yang di dalam tulisan ini disebut metode analisis tindak tutur komunikasi. Metode ini dilahirkan secara hereustik, kritis, dan kontekstual melalui prinsip-prinsip kontemporer aliran Filsafat Bahasa Sehari-hari. Dengan demikian, metode ini selain hendak menegaskan bahwa komunikasi massa harus dilakukan secara etis dan emansipatoris, sekaligus hendak mengoreksi eksistensi metode analisis teks media lainnya yang selama ini sudah dikenal, namun tidak berdaya ketika harus membongkar konspirasi di balik pemberitaan media massa. Kata kunci : problem etis, metode analisis tindak tutur komunikasi, filsafat bahasa sehari-hari, analisis teks media. Abstract : The twenty-first century may be referred toas the century of language, considering how human life is inseparable from the various forms of mass media. However, concerning the construction of facts and reality, especially whenever mass-media becomes colored by ego-centric tendencies, biases in reporting frequently occur that raise ethical problems. It follows that there has been a conspiracy behind mass-media that has impact inobstructing the function of media as a forum for political education for the people. Therefore, in order to reveal the conspiracy a new media text analysis method -- which in this paper is called speech-act analysis method of communication -- is required. The method is heuristically, critically and contextually brought about through contemporary principles of Ordinary Language Philosophy. Thereby, in addition asserting that mass communication should be used ethically and with emancipation, this method will also examine the other media text analysis methods which have been known but may not be useful to discover conspiracy behind mass-media reports. Keywords : ethic problem, speech-act analysis method of communication, ordinary language philosophy, analysis of media texts.","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"32 1","pages":"175-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81721807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dualisme Pemikiran Sufistik Ibn Taymiyyah","authors":"Yunasril Ali","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I2.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I2.65","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak : Ibn Taymiyyah, meski dikenal sebagai tokoh panutan radikalis salafi yang anti pembaharuan dan alergi tasawuf, ternyata merupakan inspirator kaum modernis dan juga seorang sufi. Bagaimana mungkin seorang yang anti tasawuf   juga adalah seorang aktivis tasawuf ? Bagaimana posisi Ibn Taymiyyah seharusnya dipetakan?  Bagaimana pula sikapnya yang terlihat kontradiktif ini dapat dijelasakan? Dengan mengkaji karya-karyanya dan mempertimbangkan pengalaman hidup Ibn Taymiyyah yang ditelisik melalui perspektif psikosufistik penulis akan menjawab persoalan tersebut. Tulisan ini menyatakan bahwa kritikan dan penolakannya atas jenis tasawuf tertentu ( nazharī-falsafī ) didasarkan kerancuan dalam pemaknaan istilah dan paradigma yang berbeda dari objek yang dikritiknya. Ditunjukkan pula sikapnya menjelang kematian —dalam kondisi batin terkondisikan sedemikian rupa sehingga bukannya dipenuhi diskursus ilmiah, ia tenggelam dalam taqarub dan perhatian penuh kepada Allah dan mencapai puncak pengalaman sufistik, fana— kendatipun kontradiktif, tidak lain merupakan perkembangan dari kesadaran religiusnya. Kata kunci : radikalis salafi, dualisme, fiqh al-qulūb, neo-sufisme, anti tasawuf, ḥulūl, ittiḥād, waḥdat al-wujūd. Abstract : Ibn Taymiyya, despite being well-kown as a figure of salafi-radicalists which are anti-reformism and oppose tasawuf, in fact is an inspiring figure for some modernist Muslims and is a sufi. How could it be possible for someone who criticizes tasawuf to be a sufi? How should Ibn Taymiyya be placed correctly in this regard?  How could his contradictive attitude be explained? These questions will be discussed in paper through a careful study of his works and by investigating his life-experience from a psycho-sufistic perspective. This paper argues that his criticism to certain kind of tasawwuf, i.e., the naẓarī-falsafī, is often based on confusion in understanding terms and departs from different paradigm used by the object of his criticism. Finally this paper shows that the attitude he has, towards the end of his life—in an inwardly situated condition in such a manner so he is far from any discursive activities and totally drowning in the taqarrub and having full attention to God and achieving the peak of mystical experience, the annihilation— however contradicts to his early standpoint, is nothing but the continuation and growth of his religious maturity. Keywords : salafi-radicalist, dualism, fiqh al-qulūb, neo-sufism, tasawuf naẓarī-falsafī, anti tasawuf, ḥulūl, ittiḥād, waḥdat al-wujūd.","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"98 9","pages":"155-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72555061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suhrawardi’s Ontology : From “Essence-Existence” To “Light” (A Suhrawardian Reply to Sadrian Critiques)","authors":"Muhammad Syifa Amin Widigdo","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I2.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I2.62","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak : Pemilahan antara esensi (mahiyyah) dan eksistensi (wujud) telah menjadi persoalan yang cukup menyita perhatian para filsuf, paling tidak sejak al-Farabi dan ibn Sina. Pemilahan tersebut menjadi starting point dalam mereinterpretasi realitas hakiki, mana yang objektif dan yang hanya subjektif, serta masalah fundamentalitas antara eksistensi dan esensi dalam ranah ontologi dan epistemologi yang sebelumnya tidak tereksplorasi secara spesifik. Suhrawardi termasuk salah seorang filsuf Muslim yang mencoba memberikan interpretasi berbeda dan kritik terhadap filsuf sebelumnya (khususnya Ibn Sina) dalam masalah pemilahan tersebut. Walaupun ia mengamini ibn Sina dalam hal adanya pemilahan antara eksistensi dan esensi, namun ia memiliki pandangan sendiri dalam menyimpulkan bahwa realitas hakiki (objektif ) melampaui eksistensi dan esensi. Ia merumuskan gagasannya  tersebut  dalam  teori tentang cahaya. Tulisan ini mencoba untuk mengetengahkan pandangan Suhrawardi tentang realitas hakiki yang ia uraikan dalam teori cahaya. Selanjutnya dibahas pula disini kritik yang dilontarkan oleh filsafat Sadrian terhadapnya dan jawaban para penganut filsafat Suhrawardian terhadap kritik tersebut. Kata kunci : Esensi ,  Quiditas (mahiyyah) , Eksistensi (wujūd) , Fundamentalitas/Primasi , Konsep mental (respektivalitas) . Abstract :  The distinction between essence (mahiyyah) and existence (wuj ūd) has been a consuming problem among philosophers, at least since al-Farabi and ibn Sina. It has become the starting point in reinterpretation of reality, whether objective or merely subjective, the problem of fundamentality (principal) and respectivality (mental conception) in the realms of ontology and epistemology which never been discussed specifically before. Suhrawardi is one of philosophers who tries to provide different interpretation and even critiques toward previous philosophers (especially ibn Sina) in this regard. Even though he supports ibn Sina’s point of view that there is distinction between essence and existence, but he also has his own conclusion in this case whichis formulated in his theory of “light”. This article tries to present the ideas of Suhrawardi on “essence and existence” and the theory of light. Here will be discussed also some critiques from Sadrian school and the answers to those critiques by Suhrawardian philosophers. Keywords : Essence, Quiddity (mahiyyah), Existence (wujūd), Fundamentality/Primacy, Respectivality (mental concept) .","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"1 1","pages":"117-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83306487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Olodumare, God In Yoruba Belief, God?","authors":"B. O. Igboin","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I2.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I2.67","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak : Pertanyaan apakah Olodumare, Tuhan dalam kepercayaan Yoruba, sebagaimana diterjemahkan oleh Bolaji Idowu, adalah Tuhan merupakan persoalan penuh liku. Hal ini karena konsep dan kepercayaan atas Olodumare ini mengalami serangkaian analisis berputar sehingga memancing pertanyaan tersebut dijawab dalam tiga tahap episodik mendasar. Pertama dari kalangan antropolog Barat yang, sengaja atau tidak, keliru memahami bahwa Olodumare bukanlah, atau tidaklah sederajat dengan, Tuhan; tahap kedua diperjuangkan oleh pengkaji Africa ( Africanist ) / teolog Yoruba yang mengajukan status Olodumare sebagai Tuhan; sementara mazhab dekolonisasi mutakhir berupaya melepaskan Olodumare dari apa yang disebut sebagai jerat Helenistik ( Helenistic grab ) periode kedua, dan memberikan citra yang ‘tepat’ tentang Olodumare. Masing-masing ‘kebenaran’ tentang Olodumare ini memiliki pertanyaan-pertanyaan turunan yang memengaruhi pemahaman atas Olodumare. Kajian ini mempertanyakan klaim-klaim tiga filsuf dekolonisasi saat ini, dan mengemukakan bahwa apa yang mereka lontarkan seputar Olodumare tidak konsisten. Kesimpulannya, untuk memperoleh konsep yang kuat tentang Olodumare, perlu upaya untuk mengadopsi padanan kata-kata terjemahan alternatif yang tepat, baik terhadap ajaran Yoruba maupun ajaran Kristen; jika tidak demikian, pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang muncul mungkin tetap akan tak terjawab, sementara tesis Idowu tetap dirasakan sudah memadai. Kata kunci : Olodumare, Esu, Masalah keburukan, Tuhan, Yoruba Abstract : The question whether Olodumare, God in Yoruba belief, as Bolaji Idowu translated it, is God is a tortuous one. It is so because the concept of, and the belief in, Olodumare are undergoing circuitous strings of analysis that tempt one to answer the question in three fundamental episodic phases. The first came from the Western anthropologists who advertently or inadvertently ‘misconceived’ Olodumare, as completely less than a God; the second stage championed by foremost Africanist/ Yoruba theologians ‘promoted’ Olodumare to the ‘status’ of a God or rather insisted that Olodumare is God; while the decolonisation school is currently divesting Olodumare of so-called Hellenised garb of the second period, and casting ‘true’ images of him. Each of these ‘truths’ about Olodumare has serious ancillary questions that affect the overall understanding of Olodumare. This study interrogates the claims of three recent decolonisation philosophers, and reveals that their casting of Olodumare is inconsistent one with another. It concludes that before any incontrovertible concept of Olodumare could be reached, alternative translational (linguistic) equivalents true to the Yoruba theology and true to Christianity must be adopted; otherwise the questions raised might yet remain unanswered, while Idowu’s thesis still suffices. Keywords : Olodumare, Esu, problem of evil, God, Yoruba","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"1 1","pages":"189-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89534414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studi Kritis Terhadap Teori Identitas Pikiran-Otak Mario Bunge: Perspektif Neo-Sadrian","authors":"Cipta Bakti Gama","doi":"10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I2.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20871/KPJIPM.V4I2.64","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : The aim of this research is to conduct a critical analysis of Mario Bunge’s view that mental reality is identical with the reality of brain function known as mind-brain identity theory. The analysis is performed using Neosadrian perspective, i.e. a new form of Mulla Sadra’s philosophy which is developed by Tabataba‘i and his disciples. The author tries to elucidate the main claims held by Bunge and to launch some critiques upon those claims. The main conclusions achieved through this research include the following. Firstly, mind-brain identity theory cannot be accepted. Secondly, current development of scientific studies corroborating certain relations between brain and mental states does not justify the validity of the identity theory, also does not falsify its opposition. Thirdly, a religious-sufistical philosophy, such the Neosadrian, can be consistent with current development of scientific research. Keywords : Mind-brain  identity  theory,  Mario  Bunge, Neo-Sadrian,  science,  religious-sufistical philosophy. Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis kritis atas pandangan Mario Bunge bahwa realitas pikiran identik dengan realitas fungsi otak, yang dikenal dengan teori identitas pikiran- otak. Analisis tersebut dilakukan dengan menggunakan sudut pandang Neosadrian, yaitu bentuk baru filsafat Mulla Sadra yang dikembangkan oleh Tabataba‘i dan murid-muridnya. Penulis mencoba menguraikan sejumlah klaim utama yang dipegang oleh Bunge tentang teori identitas tersebut dan melancarkan kritik terhadapnya. Sejumlah kesimpulan utama yang bisa dicapai melalui penelitian ini mencakup hal-hal berikut. Pertama, teori identitas pikiran-otak tidak bisa diterima. Kedua, perkembangan studi saintifik yang menguatkan adanya relasi antara status otak dan status mental tidak menjustifikasi validitas teori identitas pikiran-otak, juga tidak memfalsifikasi dualitas esensi keduanya. Ketiga, filsafat yang bercorak religius-sufistik seperti Neo-Sadrian bisa konsisten dengan perkembangan sains mutakhir. Kata kunci : teori identitas pikiran-otak, Mario Bunge, Neo-Sadrian, sains, filsafat religius-sufistik.","PeriodicalId":31008,"journal":{"name":"Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism","volume":"25 1","pages":"139-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77508017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}